Two major challenges,high cost and short lifespan,have been hindering the commercialization process of lowtemperature fuel cells.Professor Wei's group has been focusing on decreasing cathode Pt loadings without lo...Two major challenges,high cost and short lifespan,have been hindering the commercialization process of lowtemperature fuel cells.Professor Wei's group has been focusing on decreasing cathode Pt loadings without losses of activity and durability,and their research advances in this area over the past three decades are briefly reviewed herein.Regarding the Pt-based catalysts and the low Pt usage,they have firstly tried to clarify the degradation mechanism of Pt/C catalysts,and then demonstrated that the activity and stability could be improved by three strategies:regulating the nanostructures of the active sites,enhancing the effects of support materials,and optimizing structures of the three-phase boundary.For Pt-free catalysts,especialiy carbon-based ones,several strategies that they proposed to enhance the activity of nitrogen-/heteroatom-doped carbon catalysts are firstly presented.Then,an indepth understanding of the degradation mechanism for carbon-based catalysts is discussed,and followed by the corresponding stability enhancement strategies.Also,the carbon-based electrode at the micrometer-scale,faces the challenges such as low active-site density,thick catalytic layer,and the effect of hydrogen peroxide,which require rational structure design for the integral cathodic electrode.This review finally gives a brief conclusion and outlook about the low cost and long lifespan of cathodic oxygen reduction catalysts.展开更多
A series of Ag,Cu and Co-doped manganese oxide octahedral molecular sieves(OMS-2) were synthesized and evaluated to remove nitrogen oxides(NOx) from cigarette mainstream smoke.The three kinds of catalysts were added t...A series of Ag,Cu and Co-doped manganese oxide octahedral molecular sieves(OMS-2) were synthesized and evaluated to remove nitrogen oxides(NOx) from cigarette mainstream smoke.The three kinds of catalysts were added to cigarettes for studying the capabilities of reducing NOx from cigarette mainstream smoke.The catalysis and reduction of NO in laboratory were studied.A mechanism for NOx catalytic reduction from burning cigarettes with the catalysts adding to cigarettes was described.The catalysts show excellent catalytic activity for NOx removal,especially the Ag-doped OMS-2 catalyst.0.5%(mass fraction) Ag-doped OMS-2 catalyst has the best ability to remove NOx from cigarette mainstream smoke.The use of Ag-doped OMS-2 as catalyst for removing carcinogenic compounds from cigarette smoke will be an effective strategy to protect the environment and public health.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2020YFB1506002,2019YFB1504503,2016YFB0101202)National 973 Program of China(No.2012CB215501)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52021004,22022502(2021),21822803(2019),21576031(2016),51272297(2013),20936008(2010),20676156(2007),20376088(2004),20176066(2002),29976047(2000)).
文摘Two major challenges,high cost and short lifespan,have been hindering the commercialization process of lowtemperature fuel cells.Professor Wei's group has been focusing on decreasing cathode Pt loadings without losses of activity and durability,and their research advances in this area over the past three decades are briefly reviewed herein.Regarding the Pt-based catalysts and the low Pt usage,they have firstly tried to clarify the degradation mechanism of Pt/C catalysts,and then demonstrated that the activity and stability could be improved by three strategies:regulating the nanostructures of the active sites,enhancing the effects of support materials,and optimizing structures of the three-phase boundary.For Pt-free catalysts,especialiy carbon-based ones,several strategies that they proposed to enhance the activity of nitrogen-/heteroatom-doped carbon catalysts are firstly presented.Then,an indepth understanding of the degradation mechanism for carbon-based catalysts is discussed,and followed by the corresponding stability enhancement strategies.Also,the carbon-based electrode at the micrometer-scale,faces the challenges such as low active-site density,thick catalytic layer,and the effect of hydrogen peroxide,which require rational structure design for the integral cathodic electrode.This review finally gives a brief conclusion and outlook about the low cost and long lifespan of cathodic oxygen reduction catalysts.
文摘A series of Ag,Cu and Co-doped manganese oxide octahedral molecular sieves(OMS-2) were synthesized and evaluated to remove nitrogen oxides(NOx) from cigarette mainstream smoke.The three kinds of catalysts were added to cigarettes for studying the capabilities of reducing NOx from cigarette mainstream smoke.The catalysis and reduction of NO in laboratory were studied.A mechanism for NOx catalytic reduction from burning cigarettes with the catalysts adding to cigarettes was described.The catalysts show excellent catalytic activity for NOx removal,especially the Ag-doped OMS-2 catalyst.0.5%(mass fraction) Ag-doped OMS-2 catalyst has the best ability to remove NOx from cigarette mainstream smoke.The use of Ag-doped OMS-2 as catalyst for removing carcinogenic compounds from cigarette smoke will be an effective strategy to protect the environment and public health.
