【目的】探究氟茚唑菌胺与苯醚甲环唑复配对水稻纹枯病室内活性及最佳混配比,进行田间药效试验验证其实际应用效果,为水稻纹枯病的防治提供新的策略。【方法】设置多个氟茚唑菌胺和苯醚甲环唑混配比,采用菌丝生长速率法进行室内毒力测定...【目的】探究氟茚唑菌胺与苯醚甲环唑复配对水稻纹枯病室内活性及最佳混配比,进行田间药效试验验证其实际应用效果,为水稻纹枯病的防治提供新的策略。【方法】设置多个氟茚唑菌胺和苯醚甲环唑混配比,采用菌丝生长速率法进行室内毒力测定,利用Wadley法计算增效系数SR,选取增效作用最显著的混配比进行田间药效试验,调查田间发病情况。【结果】氟茚唑菌胺:苯醚甲环唑以质量比1:9至9:1的配比范围混配时SR值介于0.7180~3.2735,其中复配比例为1:9时SR值达3.2735,增效作用最强。田间试验结果表明,90 g a.i./hm2的桶混处理即可与各供试化学药剂在推荐剂量下的防治效果持平,且显著优于4%井冈霉素A水剂的防效。【结论】田间用量为90 g a.i./hm2的氟茚唑菌胺与苯醚甲环唑(有效成分比为1:9)桶混处理能有效防治水稻纹枯病,氟茚唑菌胺与苯醚甲环唑复配使用在水稻纹枯病的防治中具有广阔的应用前景。展开更多
12%difenoconazole+fluxapyroxad SC(commercial name:Jiangong)was first released by BASF in China in 2016.It has been registered to control many diseases,including pear scab,apple Alternaria leaf spot,tomato early blight...12%difenoconazole+fluxapyroxad SC(commercial name:Jiangong)was first released by BASF in China in 2016.It has been registered to control many diseases,including pear scab,apple Alternaria leaf spot,tomato early blight,cucumber powdery mildew,etc.This study evaluated the bioactivity of Jiangong against Alternaria alternata and explored variations of phyllosphere microorganisms in both asymptomatic and tobacco brown spot leaves at different persistence periods(0,5,10,and 15 days post-fungicide application)using high-throughput sequencing technology.The results indicated that Jiangong effectively inhibited mycelial growth(average EC_(50) value of 0.51μg/mL),conidia germination(average EC_(50) value of 3.47μg/mL),and the carbon metabolism of A.alternata.Both asymptomatic and symptomatic leaves presented complex microbial communities.Higher fungal diversity was noted in asymptomatic leaves,while higher bacterial diversity was found in symptomatic leaves.After application,the diversity and abundance of microbial community structures in both types of leaves changed over time.Fungal microbiome communities showed greater sensitivity than bacterial groups,with the microbiome communities of asymptomatic leaves being more affected than those of symptomatic leaves.Fungal community diversity decreased for both symptomatic and asymptomatic leaves after 5 days of application,while the diversity of fungal community in symptomatic leaves showed an upward trend after 10 days of application.Meanwhile,bacterial community diversity increased in both symptomatic and asymptomatic leaves after 5 days of application but then declined in asymptomatic leaves after 15 days.The abundance of the dominant function group of phyllosphere bacteria(metabolism,genetic information processing,environmental information processing)was not affected by the application of Jiangong.However,the abundance of the dominant function group of phyllosphere fungi(animal pathogen-endophyte-wood saprotroph,endophyte-plant pathogen,plant pathogen-undefined saprotroph)was significantly affected by the application of Jiangong,and high variation was found in symptomatic leaves than that of asymptomatic leaves.The application of Jiangong-induced alterations in the community structure of the tobacco phyllosphere microbiome provides a basis for future tobacco brown spot control strategies based on phyllospheric microecology.展开更多
文摘【目的】探究氟茚唑菌胺与苯醚甲环唑复配对水稻纹枯病室内活性及最佳混配比,进行田间药效试验验证其实际应用效果,为水稻纹枯病的防治提供新的策略。【方法】设置多个氟茚唑菌胺和苯醚甲环唑混配比,采用菌丝生长速率法进行室内毒力测定,利用Wadley法计算增效系数SR,选取增效作用最显著的混配比进行田间药效试验,调查田间发病情况。【结果】氟茚唑菌胺:苯醚甲环唑以质量比1:9至9:1的配比范围混配时SR值介于0.7180~3.2735,其中复配比例为1:9时SR值达3.2735,增效作用最强。田间试验结果表明,90 g a.i./hm2的桶混处理即可与各供试化学药剂在推荐剂量下的防治效果持平,且显著优于4%井冈霉素A水剂的防效。【结论】田间用量为90 g a.i./hm2的氟茚唑菌胺与苯醚甲环唑(有效成分比为1:9)桶混处理能有效防治水稻纹枯病,氟茚唑菌胺与苯醚甲环唑复配使用在水稻纹枯病的防治中具有广阔的应用前景。
基金Supported by China National Tobacco Corporation[No.110202101048(LS-08)]Hundred’Level Innovative Talent Foundation of Guizhou Province(No.GCC[2022]028-1,GCC[2023]108)+2 种基金Guizhou Science Technology Foundation(No.ZK[2021]Key036)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32160522)Guizhou Province Applied Technology Research and Development Funding Post-subsidy Project and Guizhou Tobacco Company(No.2020XM03,2020XM22,2024XM06).
文摘12%difenoconazole+fluxapyroxad SC(commercial name:Jiangong)was first released by BASF in China in 2016.It has been registered to control many diseases,including pear scab,apple Alternaria leaf spot,tomato early blight,cucumber powdery mildew,etc.This study evaluated the bioactivity of Jiangong against Alternaria alternata and explored variations of phyllosphere microorganisms in both asymptomatic and tobacco brown spot leaves at different persistence periods(0,5,10,and 15 days post-fungicide application)using high-throughput sequencing technology.The results indicated that Jiangong effectively inhibited mycelial growth(average EC_(50) value of 0.51μg/mL),conidia germination(average EC_(50) value of 3.47μg/mL),and the carbon metabolism of A.alternata.Both asymptomatic and symptomatic leaves presented complex microbial communities.Higher fungal diversity was noted in asymptomatic leaves,while higher bacterial diversity was found in symptomatic leaves.After application,the diversity and abundance of microbial community structures in both types of leaves changed over time.Fungal microbiome communities showed greater sensitivity than bacterial groups,with the microbiome communities of asymptomatic leaves being more affected than those of symptomatic leaves.Fungal community diversity decreased for both symptomatic and asymptomatic leaves after 5 days of application,while the diversity of fungal community in symptomatic leaves showed an upward trend after 10 days of application.Meanwhile,bacterial community diversity increased in both symptomatic and asymptomatic leaves after 5 days of application but then declined in asymptomatic leaves after 15 days.The abundance of the dominant function group of phyllosphere bacteria(metabolism,genetic information processing,environmental information processing)was not affected by the application of Jiangong.However,the abundance of the dominant function group of phyllosphere fungi(animal pathogen-endophyte-wood saprotroph,endophyte-plant pathogen,plant pathogen-undefined saprotroph)was significantly affected by the application of Jiangong,and high variation was found in symptomatic leaves than that of asymptomatic leaves.The application of Jiangong-induced alterations in the community structure of the tobacco phyllosphere microbiome provides a basis for future tobacco brown spot control strategies based on phyllospheric microecology.
