1974年,法国科学家首次提出药物警戒（Pharmacovigilance,PV）的说法,当时主要强调对药物不良反应（Adverse Drug Reaction,ADR）的监测。2002年,世界卫生组织进一步完善了对PV的定义：PV是与发现、评价、理解和预防ADR或其他任何可能...1974年,法国科学家首次提出药物警戒（Pharmacovigilance,PV）的说法,当时主要强调对药物不良反应（Adverse Drug Reaction,ADR）的监测。2002年,世界卫生组织进一步完善了对PV的定义：PV是与发现、评价、理解和预防ADR或其他任何可能与药物有关问题的科学研究与活动[1]。可见,PV的理念是在ADR的基础上,展开更多
Pile-slab structure roadbed is a new form of ballastless track for high speed railway. Due to lack of corresponding design code, based on the analysis of its structure characteristics and application requirements, it ...Pile-slab structure roadbed is a new form of ballastless track for high speed railway. Due to lack of corresponding design code, based on the analysis of its structure characteristics and application requirements, it is proposed to carry out load effect combination according to ultimate limit state and serviceability limit state, and the most unfavorable combination of each state is chosen to carry through design calculation for pile-slab structure. Space model of pile-slab structure can be simplified as a plane flame model, by using the orthogonal test method, and the design parameter of pile-slab structure is optimized. Moreover, based on the engineering background of Suining-Chongqing high-speed railway, the dynamic deformation characteristics of pile-slab structure roadbed are further researched by carrying on the indoor dynamic model test. The test results show that the settlement after construction of subgrade satisfies the requirement of settlement control to build ballastless track on soil subgrade for high-speed railway. Slab structure plays the role of arch shell as load is transmitted from slab to pile, and the vertical dynamic stress of subgrade soil is approximately of ＂K＂ form distribution with the depth. The distribution of pile stress is closely related to soil characteristics, which has an upset triangle shape where the large dynamic stress is at the top. Pile compared with soil shares most dynamic stress. Pile structure expands the depth of the dynamic response of subgrade has limited effect on dynamic response. These results can provide subgrade. and improves the stress of subgrade soil, and the speed of train scientific basis for pile-slab structure roadbed used on soil展开更多
文摘1974年,法国科学家首次提出药物警戒（Pharmacovigilance,PV）的说法,当时主要强调对药物不良反应（Adverse Drug Reaction,ADR）的监测。2002年,世界卫生组织进一步完善了对PV的定义：PV是与发现、评价、理解和预防ADR或其他任何可能与药物有关问题的科学研究与活动[1]。可见,PV的理念是在ADR的基础上,
基金Foundation item： Project（2013CB036405） supported by the National Basic Research Program of China Project（KZZD-EW-05） supported by the Key Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
文摘Pile-slab structure roadbed is a new form of ballastless track for high speed railway. Due to lack of corresponding design code, based on the analysis of its structure characteristics and application requirements, it is proposed to carry out load effect combination according to ultimate limit state and serviceability limit state, and the most unfavorable combination of each state is chosen to carry through design calculation for pile-slab structure. Space model of pile-slab structure can be simplified as a plane flame model, by using the orthogonal test method, and the design parameter of pile-slab structure is optimized. Moreover, based on the engineering background of Suining-Chongqing high-speed railway, the dynamic deformation characteristics of pile-slab structure roadbed are further researched by carrying on the indoor dynamic model test. The test results show that the settlement after construction of subgrade satisfies the requirement of settlement control to build ballastless track on soil subgrade for high-speed railway. Slab structure plays the role of arch shell as load is transmitted from slab to pile, and the vertical dynamic stress of subgrade soil is approximately of ＂K＂ form distribution with the depth. The distribution of pile stress is closely related to soil characteristics, which has an upset triangle shape where the large dynamic stress is at the top. Pile compared with soil shares most dynamic stress. Pile structure expands the depth of the dynamic response of subgrade has limited effect on dynamic response. These results can provide subgrade. and improves the stress of subgrade soil, and the speed of train scientific basis for pile-slab structure roadbed used on soil
