The nucleation, growth and aggregation of calcium oxalate(CaC 2O 4) crystals were comparatively investigated in five different mimetic systems: water, NaCl solution, artificial urine, healthy urine and lithogenic urin...The nucleation, growth and aggregation of calcium oxalate(CaC 2O 4) crystals were comparatively investigated in five different mimetic systems: water, NaCl solution, artificial urine, healthy urine and lithogenic urine by using scanning electron microscopy(SEM). The effects of original concentration of calcium ion and oxalate ion and crystallization time on the morphology, density and the size of CaC 2O 4 crystals were discussed. In lithogenic urine, calcium oxalate monohydrate(COM) crystals were the dominant phase. However, a mixture of COM and calcium oxalate dihydrate(COD) with a molar ratio of about 3∶2 was obtained in the healthy urine. COD has a less affinity for renal tubule cell surface, so COD is easy to be expelled out from body and there is a less probability of stone-forming in the healthy urine. The fastest nucleation and growth of CaC 2O 4 crystals were obtained in water and NaCl solution, respectively. The size of CaC 2O 4 crystals decreases in the following order: NaCl solution>artificial urine>lithogenic urine>healthy urine>water.展开更多
生物可及性是5-甲基四氢叶酸钙(5-methyltetrahydrocalcium folate,5-MTHF)发挥生物功能的前提,易受到食品组分的影响。该文以乳清浓缩蛋白(whey protein concentrate,WPC)和5-MTHF为研究对象,利用体外消化系统,探究WPC在不同条件下(浓...生物可及性是5-甲基四氢叶酸钙(5-methyltetrahydrocalcium folate,5-MTHF)发挥生物功能的前提,易受到食品组分的影响。该文以乳清浓缩蛋白(whey protein concentrate,WPC)和5-MTHF为研究对象,利用体外消化系统,探究WPC在不同条件下(浓度、加工方式、胃肠pH、消化时间)对5-MTHF生物可及性的影响,并采用胶体粒径电位仪与激光共聚焦观察消化前后粒子微观结构的变化。结果表明,在胃消化阶段,WPC可将5-MTHF紧密包裹,较好地保护了5-MTHF,并成功转运至肠消化阶段完成释放,提高了5-MTHF的生物可及性。同时,WPC浓度、WPC加工方式、胃肠pH、消化时间等均不同程度影响5-MTHF的生物可及性和粒径、电位。其中,在胃消化阶段,各WPC-5-MTHF组均未检测出5-MTHF,生物可及性为0。在肠消化阶段,WPC-5-MTHF组的生物可及性随WPC浓度的增加而提高,较5-MTHF组的生物可及性提高了11.1%~19.61%;超声处理组、高压均质组、加热处理组的生物可及性较未加工处理组分别减少了8.49%、9.52%、8.75%;在肠pH为7、消化时间为5 h时,WPC-5-MTHF组拥有最佳生物可及性,分别为45.17%、42.32%,与5-MTHF组相比,提高到2倍左右。粒径和电位的结果显示,WPC-5-MTHF组较WPC拥有更小的粒径,更大的电位绝对值,并且WPC-5-MTHF结构的变化会引起消化特性的改变,该研究为5-甲基四氢叶酸钙在乳制品中的应用提供理论指导。展开更多
目的探讨体感模拟训练联合间歇充气加压(IPC)对急性脑梗死患者运动功能障碍的改善作用。方法选择2021年1月至2022年1月在聊城市人民医院接受治疗的急性脑梗死偏瘫患者40例。使用计算机生成的随机数将他们随机分为2组:对照组(n=21)和联合...目的探讨体感模拟训练联合间歇充气加压(IPC)对急性脑梗死患者运动功能障碍的改善作用。方法选择2021年1月至2022年1月在聊城市人民医院接受治疗的急性脑梗死偏瘫患者40例。使用计算机生成的随机数将他们随机分为2组:对照组(n=21)和联合组(n=19)。对照组患者接受常规药物治疗和康复治疗,联合组在对照组治疗的基础上加用体感模拟训练联合IPC治疗。主要结局:干预前后主动伸展任务期间肘部伸展和躯干向前运动的变化。次要结局:干预前后上肢Fugl-Meyer评估、积木箱子测验、行动研究手臂测试(ARAT)、运动活动日志(MAL)和卒中影响量表(SIS)。结果2组肘部伸展角度在干预后都有所增加,并且联合组的增加程度明显大于对照组(6.4±0.9 vs 2.5±0.6,P=0.04,效应量=0.68)。2组躯干向前运动在干预后都有所降低,并且联合组的降低程度明显大于对照组(−6.1±0.8 vs−2.3±0.4,P=0.04,效应量=0.70)。2组Fugl-Meyer评分在干预后均有所增加,并且联合组干预后Fugl-Meyer评分明显大于对照组(49.0±4.6 vs 42.1±4.9,P=0.03,效应量=0.81)。2组在ARAT、积木箱子测验评分、MAL评分及SIS的变化方面差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论体感模拟训练联合IPC治疗有助于改善急性脑梗死患者的肘部伸展、Fugl-Meyer评分,减少躯干向前运动。展开更多
文摘The nucleation, growth and aggregation of calcium oxalate(CaC 2O 4) crystals were comparatively investigated in five different mimetic systems: water, NaCl solution, artificial urine, healthy urine and lithogenic urine by using scanning electron microscopy(SEM). The effects of original concentration of calcium ion and oxalate ion and crystallization time on the morphology, density and the size of CaC 2O 4 crystals were discussed. In lithogenic urine, calcium oxalate monohydrate(COM) crystals were the dominant phase. However, a mixture of COM and calcium oxalate dihydrate(COD) with a molar ratio of about 3∶2 was obtained in the healthy urine. COD has a less affinity for renal tubule cell surface, so COD is easy to be expelled out from body and there is a less probability of stone-forming in the healthy urine. The fastest nucleation and growth of CaC 2O 4 crystals were obtained in water and NaCl solution, respectively. The size of CaC 2O 4 crystals decreases in the following order: NaCl solution>artificial urine>lithogenic urine>healthy urine>water.
文摘生物可及性是5-甲基四氢叶酸钙(5-methyltetrahydrocalcium folate,5-MTHF)发挥生物功能的前提,易受到食品组分的影响。该文以乳清浓缩蛋白(whey protein concentrate,WPC)和5-MTHF为研究对象,利用体外消化系统,探究WPC在不同条件下(浓度、加工方式、胃肠pH、消化时间)对5-MTHF生物可及性的影响,并采用胶体粒径电位仪与激光共聚焦观察消化前后粒子微观结构的变化。结果表明,在胃消化阶段,WPC可将5-MTHF紧密包裹,较好地保护了5-MTHF,并成功转运至肠消化阶段完成释放,提高了5-MTHF的生物可及性。同时,WPC浓度、WPC加工方式、胃肠pH、消化时间等均不同程度影响5-MTHF的生物可及性和粒径、电位。其中,在胃消化阶段,各WPC-5-MTHF组均未检测出5-MTHF,生物可及性为0。在肠消化阶段,WPC-5-MTHF组的生物可及性随WPC浓度的增加而提高,较5-MTHF组的生物可及性提高了11.1%~19.61%;超声处理组、高压均质组、加热处理组的生物可及性较未加工处理组分别减少了8.49%、9.52%、8.75%;在肠pH为7、消化时间为5 h时,WPC-5-MTHF组拥有最佳生物可及性,分别为45.17%、42.32%,与5-MTHF组相比,提高到2倍左右。粒径和电位的结果显示,WPC-5-MTHF组较WPC拥有更小的粒径,更大的电位绝对值,并且WPC-5-MTHF结构的变化会引起消化特性的改变,该研究为5-甲基四氢叶酸钙在乳制品中的应用提供理论指导。
文摘目的探讨体感模拟训练联合间歇充气加压(IPC)对急性脑梗死患者运动功能障碍的改善作用。方法选择2021年1月至2022年1月在聊城市人民医院接受治疗的急性脑梗死偏瘫患者40例。使用计算机生成的随机数将他们随机分为2组:对照组(n=21)和联合组(n=19)。对照组患者接受常规药物治疗和康复治疗,联合组在对照组治疗的基础上加用体感模拟训练联合IPC治疗。主要结局:干预前后主动伸展任务期间肘部伸展和躯干向前运动的变化。次要结局:干预前后上肢Fugl-Meyer评估、积木箱子测验、行动研究手臂测试(ARAT)、运动活动日志(MAL)和卒中影响量表(SIS)。结果2组肘部伸展角度在干预后都有所增加,并且联合组的增加程度明显大于对照组(6.4±0.9 vs 2.5±0.6,P=0.04,效应量=0.68)。2组躯干向前运动在干预后都有所降低,并且联合组的降低程度明显大于对照组(−6.1±0.8 vs−2.3±0.4,P=0.04,效应量=0.70)。2组Fugl-Meyer评分在干预后均有所增加,并且联合组干预后Fugl-Meyer评分明显大于对照组(49.0±4.6 vs 42.1±4.9,P=0.03,效应量=0.81)。2组在ARAT、积木箱子测验评分、MAL评分及SIS的变化方面差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论体感模拟训练联合IPC治疗有助于改善急性脑梗死患者的肘部伸展、Fugl-Meyer评分,减少躯干向前运动。
