A novel technique combining photoelectronic microscopy and computer imaging tracing was used to investigate the synthesis of thioether(2-[3-methyl-4-(2,2,2-trifluoro-ethoxy)-pyridine-2-(methylsulfanyl)]-1H-benzoimidaz...A novel technique combining photoelectronic microscopy and computer imaging tracing was used to investigate the synthesis of thioether(2-[3-methyl-4-(2,2,2-trifluoro-ethoxy)-pyridine-2-(methylsulfanyl)]-1H-benzoimidazole),which is an intermediate for lansoprazole.Visualization in sub-microcosmic surroundings was realized to study interfacial phenomenon.The reaction kinetics study by a visualization technique was carried out in a mini-reactor,and the concentration-gray scale standard curves for thioether were obtained by analyzing the gray scales of digital images.Based on the concentration-gray scale standard curves,the reactant concentrations at different times were calculated,and the reaction kinetics curve and reaction rate equation were obtained.Also the total mass-transfer resistance from bulk phase to interface of sodium imidazole and bromopyridine was obtained.Liquid-liquid interface of synthesizing thioether was observed and its mass transfer mechanism was discussed.展开更多
Concentration of heavy metals in blood and urine of rabbit after inhaling three different kinds of cigarette was studied through the animal passive smoking pattern. The samples were prepared by nitric acid solution di...Concentration of heavy metals in blood and urine of rabbit after inhaling three different kinds of cigarette was studied through the animal passive smoking pattern. The samples were prepared by nitric acid solution digestion and determination of seven kinds of heavy metals including Hg, Se, Sn, Pb, Cd, Ni and Cr was performed by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry （ICP-AES）. The ICP-AES method was established with good precision and accuracy, relative standard deviation （n=6） was between 2.9% and 5.9%, and the recovery was in the range of 95.0%-104.2%. Concentration of six heavy metals increases in some extent in blood and urine after period of smoking and the increasing of heavy metals in blood and urine all shows time dependence. Significantly higher heavy metal levels are observed in the blood and urine of the cigarette inhaling rabbits in the exposed group. The concentration of six kinds of heavy metals in the blood of the rabbit increases after 16 weeks exposing to cigarette smoking. Three times of rig, ten times of Se and trace amount ofPb, Cd, Ni and Cr are detected in the blood after 16 weeks of smoking. For urine samples, about three times of Hg, two times of Se, five times of Pb and trace amount of Cd are detected after 16 weeks of inhalation of cigarette. Comparatively, higher concentration of heavy metals are detected after inhaling of Nise cigarette.展开更多
文摘A novel technique combining photoelectronic microscopy and computer imaging tracing was used to investigate the synthesis of thioether(2-[3-methyl-4-(2,2,2-trifluoro-ethoxy)-pyridine-2-(methylsulfanyl)]-1H-benzoimidazole),which is an intermediate for lansoprazole.Visualization in sub-microcosmic surroundings was realized to study interfacial phenomenon.The reaction kinetics study by a visualization technique was carried out in a mini-reactor,and the concentration-gray scale standard curves for thioether were obtained by analyzing the gray scales of digital images.Based on the concentration-gray scale standard curves,the reactant concentrations at different times were calculated,and the reaction kinetics curve and reaction rate equation were obtained.Also the total mass-transfer resistance from bulk phase to interface of sodium imidazole and bromopyridine was obtained.Liquid-liquid interface of synthesizing thioether was observed and its mass transfer mechanism was discussed.
基金Project(11JJ5053) supported by the Provincial Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province,China
文摘Concentration of heavy metals in blood and urine of rabbit after inhaling three different kinds of cigarette was studied through the animal passive smoking pattern. The samples were prepared by nitric acid solution digestion and determination of seven kinds of heavy metals including Hg, Se, Sn, Pb, Cd, Ni and Cr was performed by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry （ICP-AES）. The ICP-AES method was established with good precision and accuracy, relative standard deviation （n=6） was between 2.9% and 5.9%, and the recovery was in the range of 95.0%-104.2%. Concentration of six heavy metals increases in some extent in blood and urine after period of smoking and the increasing of heavy metals in blood and urine all shows time dependence. Significantly higher heavy metal levels are observed in the blood and urine of the cigarette inhaling rabbits in the exposed group. The concentration of six kinds of heavy metals in the blood of the rabbit increases after 16 weeks exposing to cigarette smoking. Three times of rig, ten times of Se and trace amount ofPb, Cd, Ni and Cr are detected in the blood after 16 weeks of smoking. For urine samples, about three times of Hg, two times of Se, five times of Pb and trace amount of Cd are detected after 16 weeks of inhalation of cigarette. Comparatively, higher concentration of heavy metals are detected after inhaling of Nise cigarette.
