采用有机胺法在无水条件下分解氯化铵制取氨气和氯化氢,对有机胺的筛选和氯化铵分解工艺进行系统研究,分别考察了释放氨气过程和释放氯化氢过程中各反应条件对反应的影响,通过对多种有机胺[三己胺、三(2-乙基已基)胺、三辛胺和三月桂胺...采用有机胺法在无水条件下分解氯化铵制取氨气和氯化氢,对有机胺的筛选和氯化铵分解工艺进行系统研究,分别考察了释放氨气过程和释放氯化氢过程中各反应条件对反应的影响,通过对多种有机胺[三己胺、三(2-乙基已基)胺、三辛胺和三月桂胺]分解氯化铵的反应进行比较,筛选出最优有机胺用于实现对氨气和氯化氢的高效分离。实验表明:与其他有机胺相比,三己胺具有反应时间更短、氨气和氯化氢收率更高的优势。释氨过程中当三己胺与氯化铵以及异戊醇与氯化铵的摩尔比分别为1.4和6.84,氮气流量140 m L/min时,在132℃下反应3.5h,氨气收率可达到97.5%;释氯化氢过程中当非极性有机溶剂十四烷与三己胺盐酸盐的摩尔比为11∶1,氮气流量260 m L/min时,在223℃下反应4.5h,氯化氢收率可达94.65%。展开更多
Ammonium carnallite was synthesized by hydrated magnesium chloride in salt lake and ammonium chloride solution. Dehydrated ammonium carnallite was dissolved in methanol under low temperature by feeding ammonia, to pre...Ammonium carnallite was synthesized by hydrated magnesium chloride in salt lake and ammonium chloride solution. Dehydrated ammonium carnallite was dissolved in methanol under low temperature by feeding ammonia, to prepare anhydrous magnesium chloride. The results show that anhydrous magnesium chloride contains magnesium oxide in an amount less than 0.1% by weight, the yield of magnesium chloride was above 99.5%. Ammonium carnallite, ammoniation magnesium chloride and anhydrous magnesium chloride were characterized by thermoanalysis, X-ray powder diffraction and scanning electron microscopy.展开更多
文摘采用有机胺法在无水条件下分解氯化铵制取氨气和氯化氢,对有机胺的筛选和氯化铵分解工艺进行系统研究,分别考察了释放氨气过程和释放氯化氢过程中各反应条件对反应的影响,通过对多种有机胺[三己胺、三(2-乙基已基)胺、三辛胺和三月桂胺]分解氯化铵的反应进行比较,筛选出最优有机胺用于实现对氨气和氯化氢的高效分离。实验表明:与其他有机胺相比,三己胺具有反应时间更短、氨气和氯化氢收率更高的优势。释氨过程中当三己胺与氯化铵以及异戊醇与氯化铵的摩尔比分别为1.4和6.84,氮气流量140 m L/min时,在132℃下反应3.5h,氨气收率可达到97.5%;释氯化氢过程中当非极性有机溶剂十四烷与三己胺盐酸盐的摩尔比为11∶1,氮气流量260 m L/min时,在223℃下反应4.5h,氯化氢收率可达94.65%。
文摘Ammonium carnallite was synthesized by hydrated magnesium chloride in salt lake and ammonium chloride solution. Dehydrated ammonium carnallite was dissolved in methanol under low temperature by feeding ammonia, to prepare anhydrous magnesium chloride. The results show that anhydrous magnesium chloride contains magnesium oxide in an amount less than 0.1% by weight, the yield of magnesium chloride was above 99.5%. Ammonium carnallite, ammoniation magnesium chloride and anhydrous magnesium chloride were characterized by thermoanalysis, X-ray powder diffraction and scanning electron microscopy.
