Mission planning was thoroughly studied in the areas of multiple intelligent agent systems,such as multiple unmanned air vehicles,and multiple processor systems.However,it still faces challenges due to the system comp...Mission planning was thoroughly studied in the areas of multiple intelligent agent systems,such as multiple unmanned air vehicles,and multiple processor systems.However,it still faces challenges due to the system complexity,the execution order constraints,and the dynamic environment uncertainty.To address it,a coordinated dynamic mission planning scheme is proposed utilizing the method of the weighted AND/OR tree and the AOE-Network.In the scheme,the mission is decomposed into a time-constraint weighted AND/OR tree,which is converted into an AOE-Network for mission planning.Then,a dynamic planning algorithm is designed which uses task subcontracting and dynamic re-decomposition to coordinate conflicts.The scheme can reduce the task complexity and its execution time by implementing real-time dynamic re-planning.The simulation proves the effectiveness of this approach.展开更多
Congestion pricing is an important component of urban intelligent transport system.The efficiency,equity and the environmental impacts associated with road pricing schemes are key issues that should be considered befo...Congestion pricing is an important component of urban intelligent transport system.The efficiency,equity and the environmental impacts associated with road pricing schemes are key issues that should be considered before such schemes are implemented.This paper focuses on the cordon-based pricing with distance tolls,where the tolls are determined by a nonlinear function of a vehicles' travel distance within a cordon,termed as toll charge function.The optimal tolls can give rise to:1) higher total social benefits,2) better levels of equity,and 3) reduced environmental impacts(e.g.,less emission).Firstly,a deterministic equilibrium(DUE) model with elastic demand is presented to evaluate any given toll charge function.The distance tolls are non-additive,thus a modified path-based gradient projection algorithm is developed to solve the DUE model.Then,to quantitatively measure the equity level of each toll charge function,the Gini coefficient is adopted to measure the equity level of the flows in the entire transport network based on equilibrium flows.The total emission level is used to reflect the impacts of distance tolls on the environment.With these two indexes/measurements for the efficiency,equity and environmental issues as well as the DUE model,a multi-objective bi-level programming model is then developed to determine optimal distance tolls.The multi-objective model is converted to a single level model using the goal programming.A genetic algorithm(GA) is adopted to determine solutions.Finally,a numerical example is presented to verify the methodology.展开更多
基金Projects(61071096,61003233,61073103)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProjects(20100162110012,20110162110042)supported by the Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China
文摘Mission planning was thoroughly studied in the areas of multiple intelligent agent systems,such as multiple unmanned air vehicles,and multiple processor systems.However,it still faces challenges due to the system complexity,the execution order constraints,and the dynamic environment uncertainty.To address it,a coordinated dynamic mission planning scheme is proposed utilizing the method of the weighted AND/OR tree and the AOE-Network.In the scheme,the mission is decomposed into a time-constraint weighted AND/OR tree,which is converted into an AOE-Network for mission planning.Then,a dynamic planning algorithm is designed which uses task subcontracting and dynamic re-decomposition to coordinate conflicts.The scheme can reduce the task complexity and its execution time by implementing real-time dynamic re-planning.The simulation proves the effectiveness of this approach.
基金Projects (61304198,61374195) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProjects (2013M530159,2014T70351) supported by the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation
文摘Congestion pricing is an important component of urban intelligent transport system.The efficiency,equity and the environmental impacts associated with road pricing schemes are key issues that should be considered before such schemes are implemented.This paper focuses on the cordon-based pricing with distance tolls,where the tolls are determined by a nonlinear function of a vehicles' travel distance within a cordon,termed as toll charge function.The optimal tolls can give rise to:1) higher total social benefits,2) better levels of equity,and 3) reduced environmental impacts(e.g.,less emission).Firstly,a deterministic equilibrium(DUE) model with elastic demand is presented to evaluate any given toll charge function.The distance tolls are non-additive,thus a modified path-based gradient projection algorithm is developed to solve the DUE model.Then,to quantitatively measure the equity level of each toll charge function,the Gini coefficient is adopted to measure the equity level of the flows in the entire transport network based on equilibrium flows.The total emission level is used to reflect the impacts of distance tolls on the environment.With these two indexes/measurements for the efficiency,equity and environmental issues as well as the DUE model,a multi-objective bi-level programming model is then developed to determine optimal distance tolls.The multi-objective model is converted to a single level model using the goal programming.A genetic algorithm(GA) is adopted to determine solutions.Finally,a numerical example is presented to verify the methodology.
