文章提出了一种基于时空相关性的星图降噪方法,用于解决空间探测时星图峰值信噪比(Peak Signal to Noise Ratio,PSNR)低、星点提取难度大的问题。文章首先对真实星图中星点和背景噪声的能量特性进行了分析与建模。然后,基于该模型提出...文章提出了一种基于时空相关性的星图降噪方法,用于解决空间探测时星图峰值信噪比(Peak Signal to Noise Ratio,PSNR)低、星点提取难度大的问题。文章首先对真实星图中星点和背景噪声的能量特性进行了分析与建模。然后,基于该模型提出了一种可行的降噪算法,该算法以时空相关性检测为核心,并利用检测的结果对目标和噪声进行连续多帧定位。进一步利用定位的结果对目标进行匹配和平滑,对背景噪声进行抑制,从而在总体上提高图像的PSNR。最后,基于仿真平台对算法的有效性进行了测试验证。结果表明,该算法能够有效提升星图PSNR,尤其是点目标的PSNR,在一定噪声等级下,可提升1.6d B。降噪之后,在去除噪声的同时,星图的灰度直方图完好保留了高灰度值部分的目标点像素。该算法在相似的运算复杂度下,其降噪效果明显优于绝大多数的现有降噪算法,利于后续提取星图中恒星及点目标,应用于在轨空间探测系统中,具有广阔的应用前景。展开更多
Video Super-Resolution （SR） reconstruction produces video sequences with High Resolution （HR） via the fusion of several Low-Resolution （LR） video frames. Traditional methods rely on the accurate estimation of su...Video Super-Resolution （SR） reconstruction produces video sequences with High Resolution （HR） via the fusion of several Low-Resolution （LR） video frames. Traditional methods rely on the accurate estimation of subpixel motion, which constrains their applicability to video sequences with relatively simple motions such as global translation. We propose an efficient iterative spatio-temporal adaptive SR reconstruction model based on Zemike Moment （ZM）, which is effective for spatial video sequences with arbitrary motion. The model uses region correlation judgment and self-adaptive threshold strategies to improve the effect and time efficiency of the ZM-based SR method. This leads to better mining of non-local self-similarity and local structural regularity, and is robust to noise and rotation. An efficient iterative curvature-based interpolation scheme is introduced to obtain the initial HR estimation of each LR video frame. Experimental results both on spatial and standard video sequences demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms existing methods in terms of both subjective visual and objective quantitative evaluations, and greatly improves the time efficiency.展开更多
Ultrafast electron diffraction （UED） is a rapidly advancing technique capable of recording the atomic-detail structural dynamics in real time. We report the establishment of the first UED system in China. Employing ...Ultrafast electron diffraction （UED） is a rapidly advancing technique capable of recording the atomic-detail structural dynamics in real time. We report the establishment of the first UED system in China. Employing this UED apparatus, both the coherent and the concurrent thermal lattice motions in an aluminium thin-film, trigged by ultrafast laser heating, have been observed. These results demonstrate its ability to directly measure a sub-milli-angstrom lattice spacing change on a sub-picosecond time scale.展开更多
文摘文章提出了一种基于时空相关性的星图降噪方法,用于解决空间探测时星图峰值信噪比(Peak Signal to Noise Ratio,PSNR)低、星点提取难度大的问题。文章首先对真实星图中星点和背景噪声的能量特性进行了分析与建模。然后,基于该模型提出了一种可行的降噪算法,该算法以时空相关性检测为核心,并利用检测的结果对目标和噪声进行连续多帧定位。进一步利用定位的结果对目标进行匹配和平滑,对背景噪声进行抑制,从而在总体上提高图像的PSNR。最后,基于仿真平台对算法的有效性进行了测试验证。结果表明,该算法能够有效提升星图PSNR,尤其是点目标的PSNR,在一定噪声等级下,可提升1.6d B。降噪之后,在去除噪声的同时,星图的灰度直方图完好保留了高灰度值部分的目标点像素。该算法在相似的运算复杂度下,其降噪效果明显优于绝大多数的现有降噪算法,利于后续提取星图中恒星及点目标,应用于在轨空间探测系统中,具有广阔的应用前景。
基金the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) under Grant No.2012CB821200，the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grants No.91024001,No.61070142，the Beijing Natural Science Foundation under Grant No.4111002
文摘Video Super-Resolution （SR） reconstruction produces video sequences with High Resolution （HR） via the fusion of several Low-Resolution （LR） video frames. Traditional methods rely on the accurate estimation of subpixel motion, which constrains their applicability to video sequences with relatively simple motions such as global translation. We propose an efficient iterative spatio-temporal adaptive SR reconstruction model based on Zemike Moment （ZM）, which is effective for spatial video sequences with arbitrary motion. The model uses region correlation judgment and self-adaptive threshold strategies to improve the effect and time efficiency of the ZM-based SR method. This leads to better mining of non-local self-similarity and local structural regularity, and is robust to noise and rotation. An efficient iterative curvature-based interpolation scheme is introduced to obtain the initial HR estimation of each LR video frame. Experimental results both on spatial and standard video sequences demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms existing methods in terms of both subjective visual and objective quantitative evaluations, and greatly improves the time efficiency.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos 10728409, 10734130, 10735050 and 60621063, and the National Basic Research Programme of China under Grant No 2007CB815102.
文摘Ultrafast electron diffraction （UED） is a rapidly advancing technique capable of recording the atomic-detail structural dynamics in real time. We report the establishment of the first UED system in China. Employing this UED apparatus, both the coherent and the concurrent thermal lattice motions in an aluminium thin-film, trigged by ultrafast laser heating, have been observed. These results demonstrate its ability to directly measure a sub-milli-angstrom lattice spacing change on a sub-picosecond time scale.
