Recently,several PC oracle based side-channel attacks have been proposed against Kyber.However,most of them focus on unprotected implementations and masking is considered as a counter-measure.In this study,we extend P...Recently,several PC oracle based side-channel attacks have been proposed against Kyber.However,most of them focus on unprotected implementations and masking is considered as a counter-measure.In this study,we extend PC oracle based side-channel attacks to the second-order scenario and successfully conduct key-recovery attacks on the first-order masked Kyber.Firstly,we analyze the potential joint information leakage.Inspired by the binary PC oracle based attack proposed by Qin et al.at Asiacrypt 2021,we identify the 1-bit leakage scenario in the masked Keccak implementation.Moreover,we modify the ciphertexts construction described by Tanaka et al.at CHES 2023,extending the leakage scenario from 1-bit to 32-bit.With the assistance of TVLA,we validate these leakages through experiments.Secondly,for these two scenarios,we construct a binary PC oracle based on t-test and a multiple-valued PC oracle based on neural networks.Furthermore,we conduct practical side-channel attacks on masked Kyber by utilizing our oracles,with the implementation running on an ARM Cortex-M4 microcontroller.The demonstrated attacks require a minimum of 15788 and 648 traces to fully recover the key of Kyber768 in the 1-bit leakage scenario and the 32-bit leakage scenario,respectively.Our analysis may also be extended to attack other post-quantum schemes that use the same masked hash function.Finally,we apply the shuffling strategy to the first-order masked imple-mentation of the Kyber and perform leakage tests.Experimental results show that the combination strategy of shuffling and masking can effectively resist our proposed attacks.展开更多
目的:研究短梗五加果多酚(Acanthopanax sessiliflorus fruit polyphenols,ASFP)对大鼠动脉粥样硬化(atherosclerosis,As)的预防作用,并探讨其作用机制。方法:40只雄性SD大鼠随机平均分成4组,每组10只。采用高脂饮食结合腹腔注射VD3的...目的:研究短梗五加果多酚(Acanthopanax sessiliflorus fruit polyphenols,ASFP)对大鼠动脉粥样硬化(atherosclerosis,As)的预防作用,并探讨其作用机制。方法:40只雄性SD大鼠随机平均分成4组,每组10只。采用高脂饮食结合腹腔注射VD3的方法建立As模型,不同剂量ASFP给药组自造模开始之日起分别灌胃150、75 mg/(kg·d)的ASFP,空白组和高脂饮食组大鼠灌胃等量生理盐水,各实验组连续处理12周后,检测大鼠血清生理生化水平并计算As指数;苏木素-伊红染色观察大鼠主动脉As病变情况;Western blot检测主动脉中黏附分子和丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(mitogen-activated protein kinase,MAPK)信号通路关键基因的蛋白表达水平。结果:与高脂饮食组相比,ASFP能显著降低大鼠血清中的血脂、黏附分子和炎症因子水平,减少主动脉中的脂质沉积,改善各层结构排列紊乱,显著降低主动脉中细胞间黏附分子-1、血管细胞黏附分子-1、磷酸化p38和磷酸化细胞外信号调节蛋白激酶1/2(phospho-extracellular signal regulated kinases 1/2,p-ERK1/2)的蛋白表达量。结论:ASFP具有预防As的作用,其作用可能与其降血脂和抑制p38 MAPK和ERK1/2 MAPK信号通路,进而抑制炎症因子的表达有关。展开更多
5G baseband signal processing places greater real-time and reliability requirements on hardware.Based on the architecture of the MaPU,a reconfigurable computing architecture is proposed according to the characteristic...5G baseband signal processing places greater real-time and reliability requirements on hardware.Based on the architecture of the MaPU,a reconfigurable computing architecture is proposed according to the characteristics of the 5G baseband signal processing.A dedicated instruction set for 5G baseband signal processing is proposed.The corresponding functional units are designed for reuse of hardware resources.A redirected register file is proposed to address latency and power consumption issues in internetwork.A two-dimensional code compression scheme is proposed for cases in which the use ratio of instruction memory is low.The access mode of the data memory is extended,the performance is improved and the power consumption is reduced.The throughput of 5G baseband processing algorithm is one to two orders of magnitude higher than that of the TMS320C6670 with less power consumption.The silicon area evaluated by layout is 5.8 mm2,which is 1/6 of the MaPU’s.The average power consumption is 0.7 W,which is 1/5 of the MaPU’s.展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(62472397)Innovation Program for Quantum Science and Technology(2021ZD0302902)。
文摘Recently,several PC oracle based side-channel attacks have been proposed against Kyber.However,most of them focus on unprotected implementations and masking is considered as a counter-measure.In this study,we extend PC oracle based side-channel attacks to the second-order scenario and successfully conduct key-recovery attacks on the first-order masked Kyber.Firstly,we analyze the potential joint information leakage.Inspired by the binary PC oracle based attack proposed by Qin et al.at Asiacrypt 2021,we identify the 1-bit leakage scenario in the masked Keccak implementation.Moreover,we modify the ciphertexts construction described by Tanaka et al.at CHES 2023,extending the leakage scenario from 1-bit to 32-bit.With the assistance of TVLA,we validate these leakages through experiments.Secondly,for these two scenarios,we construct a binary PC oracle based on t-test and a multiple-valued PC oracle based on neural networks.Furthermore,we conduct practical side-channel attacks on masked Kyber by utilizing our oracles,with the implementation running on an ARM Cortex-M4 microcontroller.The demonstrated attacks require a minimum of 15788 and 648 traces to fully recover the key of Kyber768 in the 1-bit leakage scenario and the 32-bit leakage scenario,respectively.Our analysis may also be extended to attack other post-quantum schemes that use the same masked hash function.Finally,we apply the shuffling strategy to the first-order masked imple-mentation of the Kyber and perform leakage tests.Experimental results show that the combination strategy of shuffling and masking can effectively resist our proposed attacks.
文摘目的:研究短梗五加果多酚(Acanthopanax sessiliflorus fruit polyphenols,ASFP)对大鼠动脉粥样硬化(atherosclerosis,As)的预防作用,并探讨其作用机制。方法:40只雄性SD大鼠随机平均分成4组,每组10只。采用高脂饮食结合腹腔注射VD3的方法建立As模型,不同剂量ASFP给药组自造模开始之日起分别灌胃150、75 mg/(kg·d)的ASFP,空白组和高脂饮食组大鼠灌胃等量生理盐水,各实验组连续处理12周后,检测大鼠血清生理生化水平并计算As指数;苏木素-伊红染色观察大鼠主动脉As病变情况;Western blot检测主动脉中黏附分子和丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(mitogen-activated protein kinase,MAPK)信号通路关键基因的蛋白表达水平。结果:与高脂饮食组相比,ASFP能显著降低大鼠血清中的血脂、黏附分子和炎症因子水平,减少主动脉中的脂质沉积,改善各层结构排列紊乱,显著降低主动脉中细胞间黏附分子-1、血管细胞黏附分子-1、磷酸化p38和磷酸化细胞外信号调节蛋白激酶1/2(phospho-extracellular signal regulated kinases 1/2,p-ERK1/2)的蛋白表达量。结论:ASFP具有预防As的作用,其作用可能与其降血脂和抑制p38 MAPK和ERK1/2 MAPK信号通路,进而抑制炎症因子的表达有关。
基金Project(XDA-06010402)supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of SciencesProject(Y5S7061G51)supported by the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of Chinese Academy of Sciences
文摘5G baseband signal processing places greater real-time and reliability requirements on hardware.Based on the architecture of the MaPU,a reconfigurable computing architecture is proposed according to the characteristics of the 5G baseband signal processing.A dedicated instruction set for 5G baseband signal processing is proposed.The corresponding functional units are designed for reuse of hardware resources.A redirected register file is proposed to address latency and power consumption issues in internetwork.A two-dimensional code compression scheme is proposed for cases in which the use ratio of instruction memory is low.The access mode of the data memory is extended,the performance is improved and the power consumption is reduced.The throughput of 5G baseband processing algorithm is one to two orders of magnitude higher than that of the TMS320C6670 with less power consumption.The silicon area evaluated by layout is 5.8 mm2,which is 1/6 of the MaPU’s.The average power consumption is 0.7 W,which is 1/5 of the MaPU’s.
