利用希尔伯特(Hilbert)变换能够得到电力系统振荡中电流信号包络线的特点,根据系统正常运行、纯振荡以及振荡中再故障情况下包络线的不同变化趋势,采用两相电流包络线之差的突变量作为判别量,提出了一种新型的振荡中再故障判别元件,该...利用希尔伯特(Hilbert)变换能够得到电力系统振荡中电流信号包络线的特点,根据系统正常运行、纯振荡以及振荡中再故障情况下包络线的不同变化趋势,采用两相电流包络线之差的突变量作为判别量,提出了一种新型的振荡中再故障判别元件,该判别元件的计算精度不受电力系统振荡时频率变化的影响。大量 ATP 仿真证明了该元件在纯振荡过程中能够可靠不误动,并且可以快速有效地识别系统振荡中发生的各种故障。而且,文中采用的算法实现方便,计算量小,具有在工程中良好的实际应用价值。展开更多
Using ethanol or acetone as the working fluid, visualization of oscillations in steady state was observed visually by high-speed cameras, and temperature oscillating and heat transfer characteristics of closed-loop pl...Using ethanol or acetone as the working fluid, visualization of oscillations in steady state was observed visually by high-speed cameras, and temperature oscillating and heat transfer characteristics of closed-loop plate oscillating heat pipe with parallel channels(POHP-PC) were experimentally investigated by varying liquid filled ratios(50%, 70%, 85%), section scales(1 mm×1 mm and 1 mm×1.5 mm), inclination angles, working fluids and heating inputs. It was found that during operating there was mixed flow consisting of plug flow and annular flow in channels of oscillating heat pipe at steady-state. There was an equilibrium position for working fluid of condenser during oscillating, and periodic oscillations occurred up and down in the vicinity of equilibrium position. With heat input increasing, equilibrium position rose slowly as a result of vapor pressure of evaporation.Evaporation temperature oscillating amplitude possessed a trend of small-large-small and frequency trend was of small-large during steady-state. It may be generally concluded that temperature, whether evaporator or condenser, fluctuated sharply or rose continuously when oscillating heat pipe coming to dry burning state. Simultaneously, it was found that temperature difference of cooling water possibly dropped with heat input rising during dry burning state. Thermal resistance of No. 2 with acetone was lower than that of No. 1 during experiments, but No. 2 achieving heat transfer limit was earlier than No. 1. However, with ethanol, thermal resistance of No. 1 and No. 2 were similar with the heating input less than 110-120 W and filling ratios of 50% and 70%. And with filling ratio of 85%, heating transfer performance of No. 2 was better compared to No. 1 during all the experiments.展开更多
文摘利用希尔伯特(Hilbert)变换能够得到电力系统振荡中电流信号包络线的特点,根据系统正常运行、纯振荡以及振荡中再故障情况下包络线的不同变化趋势,采用两相电流包络线之差的突变量作为判别量,提出了一种新型的振荡中再故障判别元件,该判别元件的计算精度不受电力系统振荡时频率变化的影响。大量 ATP 仿真证明了该元件在纯振荡过程中能够可靠不误动,并且可以快速有效地识别系统振荡中发生的各种故障。而且,文中采用的算法实现方便,计算量小,具有在工程中良好的实际应用价值。
基金Project(51306198)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(NR2013K07)supported by Beijing Key Lab of Heating,Gas Supply,Ventilating and Air Conditioning Engineering,China+1 种基金Project(331614013)supported by Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture,ChinaProject(00921915023)supported by Organization Department of Beijing,China
文摘Using ethanol or acetone as the working fluid, visualization of oscillations in steady state was observed visually by high-speed cameras, and temperature oscillating and heat transfer characteristics of closed-loop plate oscillating heat pipe with parallel channels(POHP-PC) were experimentally investigated by varying liquid filled ratios(50%, 70%, 85%), section scales(1 mm×1 mm and 1 mm×1.5 mm), inclination angles, working fluids and heating inputs. It was found that during operating there was mixed flow consisting of plug flow and annular flow in channels of oscillating heat pipe at steady-state. There was an equilibrium position for working fluid of condenser during oscillating, and periodic oscillations occurred up and down in the vicinity of equilibrium position. With heat input increasing, equilibrium position rose slowly as a result of vapor pressure of evaporation.Evaporation temperature oscillating amplitude possessed a trend of small-large-small and frequency trend was of small-large during steady-state. It may be generally concluded that temperature, whether evaporator or condenser, fluctuated sharply or rose continuously when oscillating heat pipe coming to dry burning state. Simultaneously, it was found that temperature difference of cooling water possibly dropped with heat input rising during dry burning state. Thermal resistance of No. 2 with acetone was lower than that of No. 1 during experiments, but No. 2 achieving heat transfer limit was earlier than No. 1. However, with ethanol, thermal resistance of No. 1 and No. 2 were similar with the heating input less than 110-120 W and filling ratios of 50% and 70%. And with filling ratio of 85%, heating transfer performance of No. 2 was better compared to No. 1 during all the experiments.
