针对废旧汽车发动机再制造过程绿色经济效益评价指标之间存在相互影响、相互关联的情况,引入决策试验和评价实验室(Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory,DEMATEL)法以及基于2-可加模糊测度的Choquet积分法进行综合评价。首...针对废旧汽车发动机再制造过程绿色经济效益评价指标之间存在相互影响、相互关联的情况,引入决策试验和评价实验室(Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory,DEMATEL)法以及基于2-可加模糊测度的Choquet积分法进行综合评价。首先,对废旧汽车发动机再制造过程绿色经济效益的影响因素进行剖析,在此基础上构建了一套较为科学合理的绿色经济效益评价指标体系;其次,利用DEMATEL法来识别指标之间的相互影响关系,并以此来确定指标权重;然后,考虑到指标之间存在相互关联的情况,利用基于2-可加模糊测度的Choquet积分法来计算绿色经济效益评价值;最后,选取4家再制造公司进行实证分析,以验证所构建方法的可行性和有效性。研究表明,所构建方法可以考虑到指标之间相互影响、相互关联的情况,因此能够得到较为准确的评价结果。展开更多
近年来大型体育场馆的数量快速增加,随之而来的突发事件也不断增多。人群拥挤踩踏事故是大型体育场馆较为常见的安全事故,严重威胁到人民的生命安全。为了梳理总结大型体育场馆内人群拥挤踩踏事故发生的致因因素,构建了大型体育场馆人...近年来大型体育场馆的数量快速增加,随之而来的突发事件也不断增多。人群拥挤踩踏事故是大型体育场馆较为常见的安全事故,严重威胁到人民的生命安全。为了梳理总结大型体育场馆内人群拥挤踩踏事故发生的致因因素,构建了大型体育场馆人群拥挤踩踏事故的过程模型。首先,基于系统理论事故模型与过程(systemstheoretic accident model and processes,STAMP)模型分析并构建大型体育场馆人群拥挤踩踏事故的安全控制结构,并依据该模型来识别和确定事故致因因素;其次,利用决策试验与评价实验室法(decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory,DEMATEL)分析踩踏事故各个致因因素之间的相互作用关系,并计算出各个致因因素的中心度、原因度以及权重;最后,辨识出大型体育场馆发生踩踏事故的原因因素、结果因素以及关键致因因素。结果表明,管理队伍未对人群进行正确的引导和疏散通道处发生人群拥堵等为关键致因素。该模型对大型体育场馆的人流管控和安全管理具有一定的参考和支撑作用。展开更多
Several parameter identification methods of thermal response test were evaluated through numerical and experimental study.A three-dimensional finite-volume numerical model was established under the assumption that the...Several parameter identification methods of thermal response test were evaluated through numerical and experimental study.A three-dimensional finite-volume numerical model was established under the assumption that the soil thermal conductivity had been known in the simulation of thermal response test.The thermal response curve was firstly obtained through numerical calculation.Then,the accuracy of the numerical model was verified with measured data obtained through a thermal response test.Based on the numerical and experimental thermal response curves,the thermal conductivity of the soil was calculated by different parameter identification methods.The calculated results were compared with the assumed value and then the accuracy of these methods was evaluated.Furthermore,the effects of test time,variable data quality,borehole radius,initial ground temperature,and heat injection rate were analyzed.The results show that the method based on cylinder-source model has a low precision and the identified thermal conductivity decreases with an increase in borehole radius.For parameter estimation,the measuring accuracy of the initial temperature of the deep ground soil has greater effect on identified thermal conductivity.展开更多
文摘针对废旧汽车发动机再制造过程绿色经济效益评价指标之间存在相互影响、相互关联的情况,引入决策试验和评价实验室(Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory,DEMATEL)法以及基于2-可加模糊测度的Choquet积分法进行综合评价。首先,对废旧汽车发动机再制造过程绿色经济效益的影响因素进行剖析,在此基础上构建了一套较为科学合理的绿色经济效益评价指标体系;其次,利用DEMATEL法来识别指标之间的相互影响关系,并以此来确定指标权重;然后,考虑到指标之间存在相互关联的情况,利用基于2-可加模糊测度的Choquet积分法来计算绿色经济效益评价值;最后,选取4家再制造公司进行实证分析,以验证所构建方法的可行性和有效性。研究表明,所构建方法可以考虑到指标之间相互影响、相互关联的情况,因此能够得到较为准确的评价结果。
文摘近年来大型体育场馆的数量快速增加,随之而来的突发事件也不断增多。人群拥挤踩踏事故是大型体育场馆较为常见的安全事故,严重威胁到人民的生命安全。为了梳理总结大型体育场馆内人群拥挤踩踏事故发生的致因因素,构建了大型体育场馆人群拥挤踩踏事故的过程模型。首先,基于系统理论事故模型与过程(systemstheoretic accident model and processes,STAMP)模型分析并构建大型体育场馆人群拥挤踩踏事故的安全控制结构,并依据该模型来识别和确定事故致因因素;其次,利用决策试验与评价实验室法(decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory,DEMATEL)分析踩踏事故各个致因因素之间的相互作用关系,并计算出各个致因因素的中心度、原因度以及权重;最后,辨识出大型体育场馆发生踩踏事故的原因因素、结果因素以及关键致因因素。结果表明,管理队伍未对人群进行正确的引导和疏散通道处发生人群拥堵等为关键致因素。该模型对大型体育场馆的人流管控和安全管理具有一定的参考和支撑作用。
基金Project(xjj20100078) supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities in China
文摘Several parameter identification methods of thermal response test were evaluated through numerical and experimental study.A three-dimensional finite-volume numerical model was established under the assumption that the soil thermal conductivity had been known in the simulation of thermal response test.The thermal response curve was firstly obtained through numerical calculation.Then,the accuracy of the numerical model was verified with measured data obtained through a thermal response test.Based on the numerical and experimental thermal response curves,the thermal conductivity of the soil was calculated by different parameter identification methods.The calculated results were compared with the assumed value and then the accuracy of these methods was evaluated.Furthermore,the effects of test time,variable data quality,borehole radius,initial ground temperature,and heat injection rate were analyzed.The results show that the method based on cylinder-source model has a low precision and the identified thermal conductivity decreases with an increase in borehole radius.For parameter estimation,the measuring accuracy of the initial temperature of the deep ground soil has greater effect on identified thermal conductivity.
