提出一种基于人体皮肤多线性(Skinned Multiple Person Linear,SMPL)模型的3D动画重建方法。将SMPL模型与一副图像进行拟合,对SMPL轮廓进行扭曲,以匹配原始图像中目标人物轮廓;向投影SMPL法线贴图和蒙皮贴图应用该扭曲,获得可用于构建...提出一种基于人体皮肤多线性(Skinned Multiple Person Linear,SMPL)模型的3D动画重建方法。将SMPL模型与一副图像进行拟合,对SMPL轮廓进行扭曲,以匹配原始图像中目标人物轮廓;向投影SMPL法线贴图和蒙皮贴图应用该扭曲,获得可用于构建人物的正面视图和背面视图;将视图与拟合的3D骨架相结合,以重建目标人物轮廓。此外,针对自遮挡问题,提出一个解决方案。对包括艺术作品、海报、涂鸦等正面图进行测试,通过提出的用户接口改变3D人物姿态,通过编辑和调整,从单幅人物图像重建的3D动画接近现实动画。所提方法在细节处理方面较好,手部、头发等纹理细节部分得到了较好的保留和再现,优于一些同类方法。展开更多
Evaluating how park characteristics affect the formation of a park cool island(PCI) is the premise of guiding green parks planning in mountain cities.The diurnal variation of PCI intensity was achieved,and correlation...Evaluating how park characteristics affect the formation of a park cool island(PCI) is the premise of guiding green parks planning in mountain cities.The diurnal variation of PCI intensity was achieved,and correlations between PCI intensity and park characteristics such as park area,landscape shape index(LSI),green ratio and altitude were analyzed,using 3 010 temperature and humidity data from measurements in six parks with typical park characteristics in Chongqing,China.The results indicate that:1) the main factor determining PCI intensity is park area,which leads to obvious cool island effect when it exceeds 14 hm2;2) there is a negative correlation between PCI intensity and LSI,showing that the rounder the park shape is,the better the cool island effect could be achieved;3) regression analysis of humidity and PCI intensity proves that photosynthesis midday depression(PMD) is an important factor causing the low PCI intensity at 13:00;4) the multivariable linear regression model proposed here could effectively well predict the daily PCI intensity in mountain cities.展开更多
A novel quantitative structure-property relationship （QSPR） model for estimating the solution surface tension of 92 organic compounds at 20℃ was developed based on newly introduced atom-type topological indices. Th...A novel quantitative structure-property relationship （QSPR） model for estimating the solution surface tension of 92 organic compounds at 20℃ was developed based on newly introduced atom-type topological indices. The data set contained non-polar and polar liquids, and saturated and unsaturated compounds. The regression analysis shows that excellent result is obtained with multiple linear regression. The predictive power of the proposed model was discussed using the leave-one-out （LOO） cross-validated （CV） method. The correlation coefficient （R） and the leave-one-out cross-validation correlation coefficient （Rcv） of multiple linear regression model are 0.991 4 and 0.991 3, respectively. The new model gives the average absolute relative deviation of 1.81% for 92 substances. The result demonstrates that novel topological indices based on the equilibrium electro-negativity of atom and the relative bond length are useful model parameters for QSPR analysis of compounds.展开更多
Damage alarming and safety evaluation using long-term monitoring data is an area of significant research activity for long-span bridges. In order to extend the research in this field, the damage alarming technique for...Damage alarming and safety evaluation using long-term monitoring data is an area of significant research activity for long-span bridges. In order to extend the research in this field, the damage alarming technique for bridge expansion joints based on long-term monitoring data was developed. The effects of environmental factors on the expansion joint displacement were analyzed. Multiple linear regression models were obtained to describe the correlation between displacements and the dominant environmental factors. The damage alarming index was defined based on the multiple regression models. At last, the X-bar control chart was utilized to detect the abnormal change of the displacements. Analysis results reveal that temperature and traffic condition are the dominant environmental factors to influence the displacement. When the confidence level of X-bar control chart is set to be 0.003, the false-positive indications of damage can be avoided. The damage sensitivity analysis shows that the proper X-bar control chart can detect 0.1 cm damage-induced change of the expansion joint displacement. It is reasonably believed that the proposed technique is robust against false-positive indication of damage and suitable to alarm the possible future damage of the expansion joints.展开更多
Congestion pricing is an important component of urban intelligent transport system.The efficiency,equity and the environmental impacts associated with road pricing schemes are key issues that should be considered befo...Congestion pricing is an important component of urban intelligent transport system.The efficiency,equity and the environmental impacts associated with road pricing schemes are key issues that should be considered before such schemes are implemented.This paper focuses on the cordon-based pricing with distance tolls,where the tolls are determined by a nonlinear function of a vehicles' travel distance within a cordon,termed as toll charge function.The optimal tolls can give rise to:1) higher total social benefits,2) better levels of equity,and 3) reduced environmental impacts(e.g.,less emission).Firstly,a deterministic equilibrium(DUE) model with elastic demand is presented to evaluate any given toll charge function.The distance tolls are non-additive,thus a modified path-based gradient projection algorithm is developed to solve the DUE model.Then,to quantitatively measure the equity level of each toll charge function,the Gini coefficient is adopted to measure the equity level of the flows in the entire transport network based on equilibrium flows.The total emission level is used to reflect the impacts of distance tolls on the environment.With these two indexes/measurements for the efficiency,equity and environmental issues as well as the DUE model,a multi-objective bi-level programming model is then developed to determine optimal distance tolls.The multi-objective model is converted to a single level model using the goal programming.A genetic algorithm(GA) is adopted to determine solutions.Finally,a numerical example is presented to verify the methodology.展开更多
The temporal variation of ventilation coefficient was estimated and a simple model for the prediction of urban ventilation coefficient in Changsha was developed. Firstly, Pearson correlation analysis was used to inves...The temporal variation of ventilation coefficient was estimated and a simple model for the prediction of urban ventilation coefficient in Changsha was developed. Firstly, Pearson correlation analysis was used to investigate the relationship between meteorological parameters and mixing layer height during 2005-2009 in Changsha, China. Secondly, the multi-linear regression model between daytime and nighttime was adopted to predict the temporal ventilation coefficient. Thirdly, the validation of the model between the predicted and observed ventilation coefficient in 2010 was conducted. The results showed that ventilation coefficient significantly varied and remained high during daytime, while it stayed relatively constant and low during nighttime. In addition, the diurnal ventilation coefficient was distinctly negatively correlated with PM10 (particle with the diameter less than 10 μm) concentration in Changsha, China. The predicted ventilation coefficient agreed well with the observed values based on the multi-linear regression models during daytime and nighttime. The urban temporal ventilation coefficient could be accurately predicted by some simple meteorological parameters during daytime and nighttime. The ventilation coefficient played an important role in the PM10 concentration level.展开更多
Many industry processes can be described as Hammerstein-Wiener nonlinear systems. In this work, an improved constrained model predictive control algorithm is presented for Hammerstein-Wiener systems. In the new approa...Many industry processes can be described as Hammerstein-Wiener nonlinear systems. In this work, an improved constrained model predictive control algorithm is presented for Hammerstein-Wiener systems. In the new approach, the maximum and minimum of partial derivative for input and output nonlinearities are solved in the neighbourhood of the equilibrium. And several parameter-dependent Lyapunov functions, each one corresponding to a different vertex of polytopic descriptions models, are introduced to analyze the stability of Hammerstein-Wiener systems, but only one Lyapunov function is utilized to analyze system stability like the traditional method. Consequently, the conservation of the traditional quadratic stability is removed, and the terminal regions are enlarged. Simulation and field trial results show that the proposed algorithm is valid. It has higher control precision and shorter blowing time than the traditional approach.展开更多
The thermal decomposition temperature is one of the most important parameters to evaluate fire hazard of organic peroxide. A quantitative structure-property relationship model was proposed for estimating the thermal d...The thermal decomposition temperature is one of the most important parameters to evaluate fire hazard of organic peroxide. A quantitative structure-property relationship model was proposed for estimating the thermal decomposition temperatures of organic peroxides. The entire set of 38 organic peroxides was at random divided into a training set for model development and a prediction set for external model validation. The novel local molecular descriptors of AT1, AT2, AT3, AT4, AT5, AT6 and global molecular descriptor of ATC have been proposed in order to character organic peroxides’ molecular structures. An accurate quantitative structure-property relationship （QSPR） equation is developed for the thermal decomposition temperatures of organic peroxides. The statistical results showed that the QSPR model was obtained using the multiple linear regression （MLR） method with correlation coefficient （R）, standard deviation （S）, leave-one-out validation correlation coefficient （RCV） values of 0.9795, 6.5676 ℃ and 0.9328, respectively. The average absolute relative deviation （AARD） is only 3.86% for the experimental values. Model test by internal leave-one-out cross validation and external validation and molecular descriptor interpretation were discussed. Comparison with literature results demonstrated that novel local and global descriptors were useful molecular descriptors for predicting the thermal decomposition temperatures of organic peroxides.展开更多
A multi-domain nonlinear dynamic model of a proportional solenoid valve was presented.The electro-magnetic,mechanical and fluid subsystems of the valve were investigated,including their interactions.Governing equation...A multi-domain nonlinear dynamic model of a proportional solenoid valve was presented.The electro-magnetic,mechanical and fluid subsystems of the valve were investigated,including their interactions.Governing equations of the valve were derived in the form of nonlinear state equations.By comparing the simulated and measured data,the simulation model is validated with a deviation less than 15%,which can be used for the structural design and control algorithm optimization of proportional solenoid valves.展开更多
Flash point is a primary property used to determine the fire and explosion hazards of a liquid. New group contribution-based models were presented for estimation of the flash point of alkanes by the use of multiple li...Flash point is a primary property used to determine the fire and explosion hazards of a liquid. New group contribution-based models were presented for estimation of the flash point of alkanes by the use of multiple linear regression(MLR)and artificial neural network(ANN). This simple linear model shows a low average relative deviation(AARD) of 2.8% for a data set including 50(40 for training set and 10 for validation set) flash points. Furthermore, the predictive ability of the model was evaluated using LOO cross validation. The results demonstrate ANN model is clearly superior both in fitness and in prediction performance.ANN model has only the average absolute deviation of 2.9 K and the average relative deviation of 0.72%.展开更多
文摘提出一种基于人体皮肤多线性(Skinned Multiple Person Linear,SMPL)模型的3D动画重建方法。将SMPL模型与一副图像进行拟合,对SMPL轮廓进行扭曲,以匹配原始图像中目标人物轮廓;向投影SMPL法线贴图和蒙皮贴图应用该扭曲,获得可用于构建人物的正面视图和背面视图;将视图与拟合的3D骨架相结合,以重建目标人物轮廓。此外,针对自遮挡问题,提出一个解决方案。对包括艺术作品、海报、涂鸦等正面图进行测试,通过提出的用户接口改变3D人物姿态,通过编辑和调整,从单幅人物图像重建的3D动画接近现实动画。所提方法在细节处理方面较好,手部、头发等纹理细节部分得到了较好的保留和再现,优于一些同类方法。
基金Project(2006BAJ02A02-05) supported by the National Key Technologies R&D Program of China
文摘Evaluating how park characteristics affect the formation of a park cool island(PCI) is the premise of guiding green parks planning in mountain cities.The diurnal variation of PCI intensity was achieved,and correlations between PCI intensity and park characteristics such as park area,landscape shape index(LSI),green ratio and altitude were analyzed,using 3 010 temperature and humidity data from measurements in six parks with typical park characteristics in Chongqing,China.The results indicate that:1) the main factor determining PCI intensity is park area,which leads to obvious cool island effect when it exceeds 14 hm2;2) there is a negative correlation between PCI intensity and LSI,showing that the rounder the park shape is,the better the cool island effect could be achieved;3) regression analysis of humidity and PCI intensity proves that photosynthesis midday depression(PMD) is an important factor causing the low PCI intensity at 13:00;4) the multivariable linear regression model proposed here could effectively well predict the daily PCI intensity in mountain cities.
基金Projects(20775010,21075011) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2008AA05Z405) supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China+2 种基金Project(09JJ3016) supported by Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation,ChinaProject(09C066) supported by Scientific Research Fund of Hunan Provincial Education Department,ChinaProject(2010CL01) supported by the Foundation of Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials Protection for Electric Power and Transportation,China
文摘A novel quantitative structure-property relationship （QSPR） model for estimating the solution surface tension of 92 organic compounds at 20℃ was developed based on newly introduced atom-type topological indices. The data set contained non-polar and polar liquids, and saturated and unsaturated compounds. The regression analysis shows that excellent result is obtained with multiple linear regression. The predictive power of the proposed model was discussed using the leave-one-out （LOO） cross-validated （CV） method. The correlation coefficient （R） and the leave-one-out cross-validation correlation coefficient （Rcv） of multiple linear regression model are 0.991 4 and 0.991 3, respectively. The new model gives the average absolute relative deviation of 1.81% for 92 substances. The result demonstrates that novel topological indices based on the equilibrium electro-negativity of atom and the relative bond length are useful model parameters for QSPR analysis of compounds.
基金Project(2009BAG15B03) supported by the National Science and Technology Ministry of ChinaProjects(51178100, 51078080) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China+1 种基金Project(BK2011141) supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province, ChinaProject(12KB02) supported by the Open Fund of the Key Laboratory for Safety Control of Bridge Engineering(Changsha University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, China
文摘Damage alarming and safety evaluation using long-term monitoring data is an area of significant research activity for long-span bridges. In order to extend the research in this field, the damage alarming technique for bridge expansion joints based on long-term monitoring data was developed. The effects of environmental factors on the expansion joint displacement were analyzed. Multiple linear regression models were obtained to describe the correlation between displacements and the dominant environmental factors. The damage alarming index was defined based on the multiple regression models. At last, the X-bar control chart was utilized to detect the abnormal change of the displacements. Analysis results reveal that temperature and traffic condition are the dominant environmental factors to influence the displacement. When the confidence level of X-bar control chart is set to be 0.003, the false-positive indications of damage can be avoided. The damage sensitivity analysis shows that the proper X-bar control chart can detect 0.1 cm damage-induced change of the expansion joint displacement. It is reasonably believed that the proposed technique is robust against false-positive indication of damage and suitable to alarm the possible future damage of the expansion joints.
基金Projects (61304198,61374195) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProjects (2013M530159,2014T70351) supported by the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation
文摘Congestion pricing is an important component of urban intelligent transport system.The efficiency,equity and the environmental impacts associated with road pricing schemes are key issues that should be considered before such schemes are implemented.This paper focuses on the cordon-based pricing with distance tolls,where the tolls are determined by a nonlinear function of a vehicles' travel distance within a cordon,termed as toll charge function.The optimal tolls can give rise to:1) higher total social benefits,2) better levels of equity,and 3) reduced environmental impacts(e.g.,less emission).Firstly,a deterministic equilibrium(DUE) model with elastic demand is presented to evaluate any given toll charge function.The distance tolls are non-additive,thus a modified path-based gradient projection algorithm is developed to solve the DUE model.Then,to quantitatively measure the equity level of each toll charge function,the Gini coefficient is adopted to measure the equity level of the flows in the entire transport network based on equilibrium flows.The total emission level is used to reflect the impacts of distance tolls on the environment.With these two indexes/measurements for the efficiency,equity and environmental issues as well as the DUE model,a multi-objective bi-level programming model is then developed to determine optimal distance tolls.The multi-objective model is converted to a single level model using the goal programming.A genetic algorithm(GA) is adopted to determine solutions.Finally,a numerical example is presented to verify the methodology.
基金Project(51178466) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(FANEDD200545) supported by Foundation for the Author of National Excellent Doctoral Dissertation of ChinaProject(2011JQ006) supported by Fundamental Research Funds of the Central Universities of China
文摘The temporal variation of ventilation coefficient was estimated and a simple model for the prediction of urban ventilation coefficient in Changsha was developed. Firstly, Pearson correlation analysis was used to investigate the relationship between meteorological parameters and mixing layer height during 2005-2009 in Changsha, China. Secondly, the multi-linear regression model between daytime and nighttime was adopted to predict the temporal ventilation coefficient. Thirdly, the validation of the model between the predicted and observed ventilation coefficient in 2010 was conducted. The results showed that ventilation coefficient significantly varied and remained high during daytime, while it stayed relatively constant and low during nighttime. In addition, the diurnal ventilation coefficient was distinctly negatively correlated with PM10 (particle with the diameter less than 10 μm) concentration in Changsha, China. The predicted ventilation coefficient agreed well with the observed values based on the multi-linear regression models during daytime and nighttime. The urban temporal ventilation coefficient could be accurately predicted by some simple meteorological parameters during daytime and nighttime. The ventilation coefficient played an important role in the PM10 concentration level.
基金Project(61074074) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation,ChinaProject(KT2012C01J0401) supported by the Group Innovative Fund,China
文摘Many industry processes can be described as Hammerstein-Wiener nonlinear systems. In this work, an improved constrained model predictive control algorithm is presented for Hammerstein-Wiener systems. In the new approach, the maximum and minimum of partial derivative for input and output nonlinearities are solved in the neighbourhood of the equilibrium. And several parameter-dependent Lyapunov functions, each one corresponding to a different vertex of polytopic descriptions models, are introduced to analyze the stability of Hammerstein-Wiener systems, but only one Lyapunov function is utilized to analyze system stability like the traditional method. Consequently, the conservation of the traditional quadratic stability is removed, and the terminal regions are enlarged. Simulation and field trial results show that the proposed algorithm is valid. It has higher control precision and shorter blowing time than the traditional approach.
基金Project(2015SK20823) supported by Science and Technology Project of Hunan Province,ChinaProject(15A001) supported by Scientific Research Fund of Hunan Provincial Education Department,China+2 种基金Project(2017CL06) supported by Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials Protection for Electric Power and Transportation,ChinaProject(k1403029-11) supported by Science and Technology Project of Changsha City,ChinaProject(CX2015B372) supported by the Hunan Provincial Innovation Foundation for Postgraduate,China
文摘The thermal decomposition temperature is one of the most important parameters to evaluate fire hazard of organic peroxide. A quantitative structure-property relationship model was proposed for estimating the thermal decomposition temperatures of organic peroxides. The entire set of 38 organic peroxides was at random divided into a training set for model development and a prediction set for external model validation. The novel local molecular descriptors of AT1, AT2, AT3, AT4, AT5, AT6 and global molecular descriptor of ATC have been proposed in order to character organic peroxides’ molecular structures. An accurate quantitative structure-property relationship （QSPR） equation is developed for the thermal decomposition temperatures of organic peroxides. The statistical results showed that the QSPR model was obtained using the multiple linear regression （MLR） method with correlation coefficient （R）, standard deviation （S）, leave-one-out validation correlation coefficient （RCV） values of 0.9795, 6.5676 ℃ and 0.9328, respectively. The average absolute relative deviation （AARD） is only 3.86% for the experimental values. Model test by internal leave-one-out cross validation and external validation and molecular descriptor interpretation were discussed. Comparison with literature results demonstrated that novel local and global descriptors were useful molecular descriptors for predicting the thermal decomposition temperatures of organic peroxides.
基金Project(2008ZHZX1A0502) supported by the Independence Innovation Achievements Transformation Crucial Special Program of Shandong Province,China
文摘A multi-domain nonlinear dynamic model of a proportional solenoid valve was presented.The electro-magnetic,mechanical and fluid subsystems of the valve were investigated,including their interactions.Governing equations of the valve were derived in the form of nonlinear state equations.By comparing the simulated and measured data,the simulation model is validated with a deviation less than 15%,which can be used for the structural design and control algorithm optimization of proportional solenoid valves.
基金Projects(21376031,21075011)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2012GK3058)supported by the Foundation of Hunan Provincial Science and Technology Department,China+2 种基金Project supported by the Postdoctoral Science Foundation of Central South University,ChinaProject(2014CL01)supported by the Foundation of Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials Protection for Electric Power and Transportation,ChinaProject supported by the Innovation Experiment Program for University Students of Changsha University of Science and Technology,China
文摘Flash point is a primary property used to determine the fire and explosion hazards of a liquid. New group contribution-based models were presented for estimation of the flash point of alkanes by the use of multiple linear regression(MLR)and artificial neural network(ANN). This simple linear model shows a low average relative deviation(AARD) of 2.8% for a data set including 50(40 for training set and 10 for validation set) flash points. Furthermore, the predictive ability of the model was evaluated using LOO cross validation. The results demonstrate ANN model is clearly superior both in fitness and in prediction performance.ANN model has only the average absolute deviation of 2.9 K and the average relative deviation of 0.72%.
