Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry(FT-ICR MS) has become a powerful tool for analyzing the detailed composition of petroleum samples. However, the correlation between the numerous peaks obtain...Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry(FT-ICR MS) has become a powerful tool for analyzing the detailed composition of petroleum samples. However, the correlation between the numerous peaks obtained by FT-ICR MS and bulk properties of petroleum samples is still a challenge. In this study, the internal standard method was applied for the quantitative analysis of four straight-run vacuum gas oils(VGO) by atmospheric pressure photoionization(APPI) FT-ICR MS. The heteroatom class distribution of these VGO samples turned to be different when the concentration changed. Linear relationship between the normalized abundance and the concentration of VGO samples was identified for the total aromatic compounds, aromatic hydrocarbons, S1 and N1 species. The differences of the response factors were also discussed. The sulfur contents of a series of crude oils were proved to be linear with the FT-ICR MS data calibrated by the response factor of S1 species. This study demonstrated the feasibility of the internal standard method in quantitative analysis with APPI FT-ICR MS, and the bulk properties of petroleum samples could be correlated directly with the FT-ICR MS data.展开更多
文摘协同演化是解决大尺度连续优化问题的一种有效策略.但是,对于决策变量重叠型(决策变量不可分且相互依赖)的高维问题,其分组方法可能会误导算法的搜索.针对这一情况,本文提出一种全新的协同演化策略(Differential Evolution Cooperative Coevolution with Correlation Learning Between Variables,DECC-CLV),其思想是首先计算演化种群分布所包含的主特征轴,然后计算各维决策变量在主轴上的投影值并利用它们之间的正负相关性进行分组.该算法在迭代过程中,利用期望最大化算法对种群进行概率主成分分析,并根据决策变量在当前种群主轴上的投影值大小关系对其进行动态分组.通过和目前主流的演化算法在CEC2013的第三类函数上的仿真试验和分析,验证了算法的有效性和适用性.
基金supported by the Major State Basic Research Development Program of China(973 Program,No.2012CB224801)
文摘Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry(FT-ICR MS) has become a powerful tool for analyzing the detailed composition of petroleum samples. However, the correlation between the numerous peaks obtained by FT-ICR MS and bulk properties of petroleum samples is still a challenge. In this study, the internal standard method was applied for the quantitative analysis of four straight-run vacuum gas oils(VGO) by atmospheric pressure photoionization(APPI) FT-ICR MS. The heteroatom class distribution of these VGO samples turned to be different when the concentration changed. Linear relationship between the normalized abundance and the concentration of VGO samples was identified for the total aromatic compounds, aromatic hydrocarbons, S1 and N1 species. The differences of the response factors were also discussed. The sulfur contents of a series of crude oils were proved to be linear with the FT-ICR MS data calibrated by the response factor of S1 species. This study demonstrated the feasibility of the internal standard method in quantitative analysis with APPI FT-ICR MS, and the bulk properties of petroleum samples could be correlated directly with the FT-ICR MS data.
