目的:系统分析儿童青少年足形发育特征,厘清裸足/着鞋运动规律及下肢生物力学功能。方法:运用布尔逻辑运算在Web of Science、PubMed和CNKI等8个国内外数据库中检索2000年1月1日—2020年4月1日发表的相关研究文献,使用改良版《Downs和Bl...目的:系统分析儿童青少年足形发育特征,厘清裸足/着鞋运动规律及下肢生物力学功能。方法:运用布尔逻辑运算在Web of Science、PubMed和CNKI等8个国内外数据库中检索2000年1月1日—2020年4月1日发表的相关研究文献,使用改良版《Downs和Black量表》对研究文献质量进行评估。结果:最终纳入40篇研究文献,涉及儿童青少年的足形发育及功能特征、裸足运动生物力学特征、裸足/着鞋运动生物力学特征对比和着鞋运动生物力学特征4种类型。样本量共计30450人,年龄为1~19周岁,其中具有裸足习惯的1490人。结论:1)儿童青少年不同足形特征如足长、足围、足弓等对应不同的发育敏感期和年龄阶段,需依据足形发育特点及时调整鞋楦设计;2)鞋具束缚降低足部小关节活动度,抑制部分足功能,儿童青少年裸足运动习惯可能有助于正常足弓形态及功能形成,增加足部肌力,降低踇外翻风险;3)降低儿童鞋具扭转刚度等,遵循“保护大于功能”设计原则,可能有利于降低对低龄儿童的足部外力刺激,增加力学正向反馈及本体感觉输入,提升步态稳定性,促进足部形态及功能的正常发育。建议:未来研究结合大样本长期追踪研究及流行病学方法,进一步探讨儿童青少年裸足/着鞋习惯及鞋具特征对足形特征,运动生物力学功能及损伤风险的影响,提升儿童青少年足部健康水平。展开更多
In this work, laser heat conduction lap welding(LHCLW) of AZ31B magnesium alloy sheet and DP780galvanized steel sheet was carried out by the defocused laser beam. The effects of laser power on the microstructure and m...In this work, laser heat conduction lap welding(LHCLW) of AZ31B magnesium alloy sheet and DP780galvanized steel sheet was carried out by the defocused laser beam. The effects of laser power on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the joint were studied. The pros and cons of the joint were identified and evaluated by measuring the tensile shear strength, microhardness and microstructure observation. The formation mechanism of various phases at the Mg/steel interface was analyzed. The results indicated that the galvanized layer could promote the metallurgical bonding between magnesium alloy and steel by improving the diffusion ability of molten magnesium alloy at the steel interface and reacting with Mg, so as to enhance the strength of the joint. A continuous dense layered eutectic structure(α-Mg+MgZn) was formed at the interface of the joint, while MgZn_(2)and MgZn phase was formed at the weld edge zone and heat affective zone(HAZ), whereas no reaction layer was generated between the uncoated steel and magnesium alloy. A sound joint could be obtained at 2.5 kW, and the corresponding tensile shear strength reached the maximum value of 42.9 N/mm. The strength was slightly reduced at 2.6 kW due to the existence of microcracks in the eutectic reaction layer.展开更多
OBJECTIVE To investigate the intervention effects of tissue-bone homeostasis manipulation(TBHM)on peripatellar biomechanical parameters and knee joint function in knee osteoarthritis(KOA)patients.METHODS Sixty patient...OBJECTIVE To investigate the intervention effects of tissue-bone homeostasis manipulation(TBHM)on peripatellar biomechanical parameters and knee joint function in knee osteoarthritis(KOA)patients.METHODS Sixty patients with KOA(Kellgren-Lawrence gradeⅡ-Ⅲ)were recruited from the Acupuncture-Moxibustion Rehabilitation Department,Anhui University of Chinese Medicine between October 2024 and May 2025.Participants were randomized into a TBHM group(n=30)or a transcutaneous electrical neuromuscular stimulation(TENS)group(n=30).Using two-way repeated measures ANOVA,biomechanical indicators,including rectus femoris tension,vastus medialis tension,vastus lateralis tension,patellar ligament tension,lateral patellar displacement(LPD),medial patellar displacement(MPD),normalized patellar mobility(LPD/patellar width[PW],MPD/PW),knee flexion range of motion,and functional indicators,including KOOS subscales,time up and go test(TUGT),were compared between groups at baseline and after 6 weeks of intervention.RESULTS After intervention,all biomechanical and knee joint function indicators in the TBHM group were significantly improved(P<0.05,P<0.01),while only the vastus medialis tension,TUGT and KOOS Pain,ADL and QoL scores in the control group were significantly improved(P<0.01).The improvement amplitudes of biomechanical indicators in the TBHM group,including rectus femoris tension,vastus lateralis tension,patellar ligament tension,MPD/PW,LPD/PW and knee flexion range of motion were better than those in the control group(P<0.05,P<0.01).In the functional evaluation,the interaction effects of the TBHM group in all dimensions of the KOOS score and TUGT were statistically significant(P<0.05,P<0.01).Post-hoc simple effect analysis confirmed that there were significant differences in the above indicators between the two groups after intervention(P<0.05),and all indicators showed a significant main effect of time(P<0.01),suggesting that the intervention measures had continuous and cumulative curative effects.CONCLUSION TBHM effectively improves joint function and quality of life in KOA patients by restoring dynamic equilibrium in soft tissue tension and patellar mobility,ultimately achieving the therapeutic goal of concurrent tissue-bone management.展开更多
文摘目的:系统分析儿童青少年足形发育特征,厘清裸足/着鞋运动规律及下肢生物力学功能。方法:运用布尔逻辑运算在Web of Science、PubMed和CNKI等8个国内外数据库中检索2000年1月1日—2020年4月1日发表的相关研究文献,使用改良版《Downs和Black量表》对研究文献质量进行评估。结果:最终纳入40篇研究文献,涉及儿童青少年的足形发育及功能特征、裸足运动生物力学特征、裸足/着鞋运动生物力学特征对比和着鞋运动生物力学特征4种类型。样本量共计30450人,年龄为1~19周岁,其中具有裸足习惯的1490人。结论:1)儿童青少年不同足形特征如足长、足围、足弓等对应不同的发育敏感期和年龄阶段,需依据足形发育特点及时调整鞋楦设计;2)鞋具束缚降低足部小关节活动度,抑制部分足功能,儿童青少年裸足运动习惯可能有助于正常足弓形态及功能形成,增加足部肌力,降低踇外翻风险;3)降低儿童鞋具扭转刚度等,遵循“保护大于功能”设计原则,可能有利于降低对低龄儿童的足部外力刺激,增加力学正向反馈及本体感觉输入,提升步态稳定性,促进足部形态及功能的正常发育。建议:未来研究结合大样本长期追踪研究及流行病学方法,进一步探讨儿童青少年裸足/着鞋习惯及鞋具特征对足形特征,运动生物力学功能及损伤风险的影响,提升儿童青少年足部健康水平。
基金Projects(51705219, 51905227) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(BK20200915) supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province,ChinaProject(19KJB460013) supported by the General University Science Research Project of Jiangsu Province,China。
文摘In this work, laser heat conduction lap welding(LHCLW) of AZ31B magnesium alloy sheet and DP780galvanized steel sheet was carried out by the defocused laser beam. The effects of laser power on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the joint were studied. The pros and cons of the joint were identified and evaluated by measuring the tensile shear strength, microhardness and microstructure observation. The formation mechanism of various phases at the Mg/steel interface was analyzed. The results indicated that the galvanized layer could promote the metallurgical bonding between magnesium alloy and steel by improving the diffusion ability of molten magnesium alloy at the steel interface and reacting with Mg, so as to enhance the strength of the joint. A continuous dense layered eutectic structure(α-Mg+MgZn) was formed at the interface of the joint, while MgZn_(2)and MgZn phase was formed at the weld edge zone and heat affective zone(HAZ), whereas no reaction layer was generated between the uncoated steel and magnesium alloy. A sound joint could be obtained at 2.5 kW, and the corresponding tensile shear strength reached the maximum value of 42.9 N/mm. The strength was slightly reduced at 2.6 kW due to the existence of microcracks in the eutectic reaction layer.
文摘OBJECTIVE To investigate the intervention effects of tissue-bone homeostasis manipulation(TBHM)on peripatellar biomechanical parameters and knee joint function in knee osteoarthritis(KOA)patients.METHODS Sixty patients with KOA(Kellgren-Lawrence gradeⅡ-Ⅲ)were recruited from the Acupuncture-Moxibustion Rehabilitation Department,Anhui University of Chinese Medicine between October 2024 and May 2025.Participants were randomized into a TBHM group(n=30)or a transcutaneous electrical neuromuscular stimulation(TENS)group(n=30).Using two-way repeated measures ANOVA,biomechanical indicators,including rectus femoris tension,vastus medialis tension,vastus lateralis tension,patellar ligament tension,lateral patellar displacement(LPD),medial patellar displacement(MPD),normalized patellar mobility(LPD/patellar width[PW],MPD/PW),knee flexion range of motion,and functional indicators,including KOOS subscales,time up and go test(TUGT),were compared between groups at baseline and after 6 weeks of intervention.RESULTS After intervention,all biomechanical and knee joint function indicators in the TBHM group were significantly improved(P<0.05,P<0.01),while only the vastus medialis tension,TUGT and KOOS Pain,ADL and QoL scores in the control group were significantly improved(P<0.01).The improvement amplitudes of biomechanical indicators in the TBHM group,including rectus femoris tension,vastus lateralis tension,patellar ligament tension,MPD/PW,LPD/PW and knee flexion range of motion were better than those in the control group(P<0.05,P<0.01).In the functional evaluation,the interaction effects of the TBHM group in all dimensions of the KOOS score and TUGT were statistically significant(P<0.05,P<0.01).Post-hoc simple effect analysis confirmed that there were significant differences in the above indicators between the two groups after intervention(P<0.05),and all indicators showed a significant main effect of time(P<0.01),suggesting that the intervention measures had continuous and cumulative curative effects.CONCLUSION TBHM effectively improves joint function and quality of life in KOA patients by restoring dynamic equilibrium in soft tissue tension and patellar mobility,ultimately achieving the therapeutic goal of concurrent tissue-bone management.
