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指定辩护律师作用之实证研究——以委托辩护为参照 被引量:32
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作者 马静华 《现代法学》 CSSCI 北大核心 2010年第6期168-181,共14页
对指定辩护律师的作用,现行法的质量标准是"客观职守型援助",而更高的要求是"合理有效性援助"。以D县为个案,通过与委托辩护律师的对比研究发现,指定辩护实践存在"作用阶梯"现象。从定量角度分析,指定辩... 对指定辩护律师的作用,现行法的质量标准是"客观职守型援助",而更高的要求是"合理有效性援助"。以D县为个案,通过与委托辩护律师的对比研究发现,指定辩护实践存在"作用阶梯"现象。从定量角度分析,指定辩护律师在庭审中表现明显不如委托辩护律师,后者相对积极;指定辩护律师在案件定性方面作用不大,较之委托辩护略有不如。而从司法人员的评价出发,指定辩护律师发挥的整体作用也不及委托辩护律师。究其原因,指定辩护律师介入诉讼时间过晚、刑事法律援助经费保障不充分、指定辩护质量监控机制偏于形式化是主要影响因素。进一步加强指定辩护律师的作用、提高其辩护效果,很大程度上也取决于这些内、外因素的调整与变化。此外,确立适当的改革目标也是不可或缺。 展开更多
关键词 指定辩护 委托辩护 客观职守型援助 合理有效性援助 作用阶梯
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Seismic pseudo-static stability analysis of bedding jointed rock slope stability under the interaction of the upper dangerous rock mass and lower stepped slope mass based on acceleration assessment
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作者 LI De-jian XIAO Yu +3 位作者 YANG Yan-song YU Peng-cheng ZHANG Ying-bin ZHAO Lian-heng 《Journal of Central South University》 2025年第7期2619-2637,共19页
In the practical slope engineering,the stability of lower sliding mass(region A)with back tensile cracks of the jointed rock slope attracts more attentions,but the upper rock mass(region B)may also be unstable.Therefo... In the practical slope engineering,the stability of lower sliding mass(region A)with back tensile cracks of the jointed rock slope attracts more attentions,but the upper rock mass(region B)may also be unstable.Therefore,in this study,based on the stepped failure mode of bedding jointed rock slopes,considering the influence of the upper rock mass on the lower stepped sliding mass,the improved failure model for analyzing the interaction force(F_(AB))between two regions is constructed,and the safety factors(F_(S))of two regions and whole region are derived.In addition,this paper proposes a method to determine the existence of F_(AB) using their respective acceleration values(a_(A) and a_(B))when regions A and B are unstable.The influences of key parameters on two regions and the whole region are analyzed.The results show that the variation of the F_(AB) and F_(S) of two regions can be obtained accurately based on the improved failure model.The accuracy of the improved failure model is verified by comparative analysis.The research results can explain the interaction mechanism of two regions and the natural phenomenon of slope failure caused by the development of cracks. 展开更多
关键词 bedding jointed rock slope upper dangerous rock mass stepped sliding interaction mechanism stability analysis
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