The effective stress method is developed to predict the axial capacity of piles in clay. The effective stress state changes due to the resulting pore pressure change and therefore, the strength and stiffness of the so...The effective stress method is developed to predict the axial capacity of piles in clay. The effective stress state changes due to the resulting pore pressure change and therefore, the strength and stiffness of the soil will change. In this work, the finite element method is utilized as a tool for the analysis of pile-soil systems in undrained condition. The computer program CRISP was developed to suit the problem requirements. CRISP uses the finite element technique and allows predictions to be made of ground deformation using critical state theories. Eight-node isoparametric element was added to the program in addition to the slip element. A pile loading problem was solved in which the pile-soil system is analyzed in undrained condition. The pile is modelled as elastic-plastic material, while the soil is assumed to follow the modified Cam clay model. During undrained loading condition, the settlement values increase by 22% when slip elements are used. The surface settlement increases by about three times when the load is doubled and the surface settlement at all points increases when using slip elements due to the mode of motion which allows smooth movement of the adjacent soil with respect to the pile. The vertical displacement increases as the distance decreases from the pile and negligible values are obtained beyond 10D (where D is the pile diameter) from the center of the pile and these values are slightly increased when slip elements are used. The vertical effective stress along a section at a distance D from the pile center is approximately the same for all load increments and lower values of effective vertical stress can be obtained when slip elements are used.展开更多
Using the latest reported homologous Chemokine receptors （PDB ID： 3ODU, 3OE0 and 3OE6） as templates, twenty models of angiotensin II （Ang II） type 1 （AT1） receptor （known as p30556） were generated by multiple...Using the latest reported homologous Chemokine receptors （PDB ID： 3ODU, 3OE0 and 3OE6） as templates, twenty models of angiotensin II （Ang II） type 1 （AT1） receptor （known as p30556） were generated by multiple templates homology modeling. According to the results of the initial validation of these twenty models, the model 0020 was finally chosen as the best one for further studies. Then, a 2 ns molecular dynamic （MD） simulation for model 0020 was conducted in normal saline （0.9%, w/F） under periodical boundary conditions, which was followed by docking studies of model 0020 with several existing AT1 receptor blockers （ARBs）. The docking results reveal that model 0020 possesses good affinities with these docked ARBs which are in accordance with both the IC50 inhibitor values and their curative effects. The results also show more potent interactions between the model 0020 and its ARBs than those of ever reported results, such as hydrogen bonds, hydrophobic interactions, and especially cation-n interactions and π-π interactions which have never been reported before. This may reveal that the structure of the model 0020 is quite close to its real crystal structure and the model 0020 may have the potential to be used for structure based drug design：展开更多
基金Project(RG086/10AET) supported by the Institute of Research Management and Monitoring (IPPP),University of Malaya (UM) under UMRG grant number,Malaysia
文摘The effective stress method is developed to predict the axial capacity of piles in clay. The effective stress state changes due to the resulting pore pressure change and therefore, the strength and stiffness of the soil will change. In this work, the finite element method is utilized as a tool for the analysis of pile-soil systems in undrained condition. The computer program CRISP was developed to suit the problem requirements. CRISP uses the finite element technique and allows predictions to be made of ground deformation using critical state theories. Eight-node isoparametric element was added to the program in addition to the slip element. A pile loading problem was solved in which the pile-soil system is analyzed in undrained condition. The pile is modelled as elastic-plastic material, while the soil is assumed to follow the modified Cam clay model. During undrained loading condition, the settlement values increase by 22% when slip elements are used. The surface settlement increases by about three times when the load is doubled and the surface settlement at all points increases when using slip elements due to the mode of motion which allows smooth movement of the adjacent soil with respect to the pile. The vertical displacement increases as the distance decreases from the pile and negligible values are obtained beyond 10D (where D is the pile diameter) from the center of the pile and these values are slightly increased when slip elements are used. The vertical effective stress along a section at a distance D from the pile center is approximately the same for all load increments and lower values of effective vertical stress can be obtained when slip elements are used.
基金Project(20876180)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘Using the latest reported homologous Chemokine receptors （PDB ID： 3ODU, 3OE0 and 3OE6） as templates, twenty models of angiotensin II （Ang II） type 1 （AT1） receptor （known as p30556） were generated by multiple templates homology modeling. According to the results of the initial validation of these twenty models, the model 0020 was finally chosen as the best one for further studies. Then, a 2 ns molecular dynamic （MD） simulation for model 0020 was conducted in normal saline （0.9%, w/F） under periodical boundary conditions, which was followed by docking studies of model 0020 with several existing AT1 receptor blockers （ARBs）. The docking results reveal that model 0020 possesses good affinities with these docked ARBs which are in accordance with both the IC50 inhibitor values and their curative effects. The results also show more potent interactions between the model 0020 and its ARBs than those of ever reported results, such as hydrogen bonds, hydrophobic interactions, and especially cation-n interactions and π-π interactions which have never been reported before. This may reveal that the structure of the model 0020 is quite close to its real crystal structure and the model 0020 may have the potential to be used for structure based drug design：
