Reserve estimation is a key to find the correct NPV in a mining project. The most important factor in reserve estimation is the metal price. Metal price fluctuations in recent years were exaggerated, and imposed a hig...Reserve estimation is a key to find the correct NPV in a mining project. The most important factor in reserve estimation is the metal price. Metal price fluctuations in recent years were exaggerated, and imposed a high degree of uncertainty to the reserve estimation, and in consequence to the whole mine planning procedure. Real option approach is an efficient method of decision making in the uncertain conditions. This approach has been used for evaluation of defined natural resources projects until now. This study considering the metal price uncertainty used real option approach to prepare a methodology for reserve estimation in open pit mines. This study was done on a copper cylindrical deposit, but the achieved methodology can be adjusted for all kinds of deposits. This methodology was comprehensively described through the examples in such a manner that can be used by the mine planners.展开更多
In order to conduct a comparative analysis on China's Telecommunications/ICT regulation effectiveness to make up the omission of international researches,and to find out the difference between China and other coun...In order to conduct a comparative analysis on China's Telecommunications/ICT regulation effectiveness to make up the omission of international researches,and to find out the difference between China and other countries and try to improve China's ICT regulation effectiveness,this paper developed an extended,integrated ICT regulation effectiveness assessment framework,with a name of IEP framework that consists of three assessment directions,namely regulation institution,regulation enforcement and industry performance.Based on this framework and by using Entropy Method,the paper then selected 10 sample countries,including China,six developed countries,and other three developing countries,and made a comprehensive comparison evaluation for those countries.Finally,by focusing on China's results of ranking 10 in institution,6 in enforcement,5 in performance and 8 in total ranking,the paper gave the explanation and presented improvement suggestions for the future ICT regulation in China.展开更多
文摘Reserve estimation is a key to find the correct NPV in a mining project. The most important factor in reserve estimation is the metal price. Metal price fluctuations in recent years were exaggerated, and imposed a high degree of uncertainty to the reserve estimation, and in consequence to the whole mine planning procedure. Real option approach is an efficient method of decision making in the uncertain conditions. This approach has been used for evaluation of defined natural resources projects until now. This study considering the metal price uncertainty used real option approach to prepare a methodology for reserve estimation in open pit mines. This study was done on a copper cylindrical deposit, but the achieved methodology can be adjusted for all kinds of deposits. This methodology was comprehensively described through the examples in such a manner that can be used by the mine planners.
文摘In order to conduct a comparative analysis on China's Telecommunications/ICT regulation effectiveness to make up the omission of international researches,and to find out the difference between China and other countries and try to improve China's ICT regulation effectiveness,this paper developed an extended,integrated ICT regulation effectiveness assessment framework,with a name of IEP framework that consists of three assessment directions,namely regulation institution,regulation enforcement and industry performance.Based on this framework and by using Entropy Method,the paper then selected 10 sample countries,including China,six developed countries,and other three developing countries,and made a comprehensive comparison evaluation for those countries.Finally,by focusing on China's results of ranking 10 in institution,6 in enforcement,5 in performance and 8 in total ranking,the paper gave the explanation and presented improvement suggestions for the future ICT regulation in China.
