Water culture experiment was conducted to study the effects of selenium(Se) on glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px) activity,reduced glutathione(GSH) concentration and the accumulation of malonaldehyde(MDA),the product of l...Water culture experiment was conducted to study the effects of selenium(Se) on glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px) activity,reduced glutathione(GSH) concentration and the accumulation of malonaldehyde(MDA),the product of lipid peroxidation in rice seedling,as well as the effect of se on oxidizing ability of roots under ferrous stress.Results showed that appropriate amount of se significantly increased GSH-Px activity in rice leaves,F=5.5 *,enhanced the amount of GSH and oxidizing ability of roots and reduced the concentration of MDA,F=4.9 *.Compared with Se0+Fe treatment,Se treatments increased the dry matter weight of rice seedling from 10.06% to 10.43%,F=4.09 *.展开更多
OBJECTIVE Major depressive disorder(MDD) is a highly heterogeneous mental illness.Further classification may help characterize its heterogeneity.The purpose of this study was to examine metabolomic and brain connectom...OBJECTIVE Major depressive disorder(MDD) is a highly heterogeneous mental illness.Further classification may help characterize its heterogeneity.The purpose of this study was to examine metabolomic and brain connectomic associations with traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) diagnostic classification of MDD.METHODS Fifty unmedicated depressed patients were classified into Liver Qi Stagnation(LQS,n=30) and Heart and Spleen Deficiency(HSD,n=20) subtypes according to TCM diagnosis.Healthy volunteers(n=28) were included as controls.Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS) and diffusion tensor imaging were used to detect serum and urinary metabolomic profiles and whole-brain white matter connectivity,respectively.RESULTS In metabolomic analysis,28 metabolites were identified for good separations between TCM subtypes and healthy controls in serum and urine samples.While both TCM subtypes had similar profiles in proteinogenic branched-chain amino acids and energy metabolism-related metabolites that were differentiated from healthy controls,the LQS subtype additionally differed from healthy controls in multiple amino acid metabolites that are involved in the biosynthesis of monoamine and amino acid neurotransmitters.Several metabolites are differentially associated with the two subtypes.In connectomic analysis,The LQS subtype showed significant differences in multiple network metrics of the angular gyrus,middle occipital gyrus,calcarine sulcus,and Heschl′ s gyrus when compared to the other two groups.The HSD subtype had markedly greater regional connectivity of the insula,parahippocampal gyrus,and posterior cingulate gyrus than the other two groups,and microstructural abnormalities of the frontal medial orbital gyrus and middle temporal pole.The insular betweenness centrality was strongly inversely correlated with the severity of depression and dichotomized the two subtypes at the optimal cutoff value with acceptable sensitivity and specificity.CONCLUSION The LQS subtype may represent an MDD subpopulation mainly characterized by abnormalities in the biosynthesis of monoamine and amino acid neurotransmitters,closer associations with stress-related pathophysiology,and aberrant connectivity of the audiovisual perception-related temporal-occipital network,whereas the HSD subtype is more closely associated with hyperconnectivity and microstructural abnormalities of the limbicparalimbic network.Certain metabolomic and connectomic variables are potential biomarkers for TCM diagnostic subtypes which is perhaps an alternative classification for depressive disorders.展开更多
The traditional performing arts and theatrical buildings in China can be traced back to a long history and were well developed during Song and Yuan Dynasties, 11th-14th centuries. Pavilion stage, opened on three sides...The traditional performing arts and theatrical buildings in China can be traced back to a long history and were well developed during Song and Yuan Dynasties, 11th-14th centuries. Pavilion stage, opened on three sides and thrusting into the audience area, was unique and the most popular form in the open-air theatres, the courtyard theatres, and the indoor theatres up to the present day. As the traditional Chinese opera is performed in an abstract way, no stage settings are required and used. Therefore, the pavilion stage including the flat or domed ceiling and the back wall is virtually functioned as a reflective shell, which increases the early reflections and also intensifies the sound in the audience area. Meanwhile, it provides sufficient self-support to the performers. Acoustical parameters including reverberation time RT, early decay time EDT, acoustic ratio C （50）, strength index （loudness） G, and stage support factor ST1 were measured and reported on several traditional theatrical buildings.展开更多
The treatment and signaling pathway regulation effects of kidney-tonifying traditional Chinese medicine on osteoporosis have been widely studied,but without a systematic summary currently.This review comprehensively c...The treatment and signaling pathway regulation effects of kidney-tonifying traditional Chinese medicine on osteoporosis have been widely studied,but without a systematic summary currently.This review comprehensively collected and analyzed the traditional Chinese medicine on the treatment and signaling pathway regulation of osteoporosis in recent ten years,such as Epimedium,Drynariae Rhizoma,Cnidium,Eucommia,Psoralen and Dipsacus.Based on the existing findings,we concluded the following conclusions:(1)kidney-tonifying traditional Chinese medicine treats osteoporosis mainly through BMP-Smads,Wnt/β-catenin,MAPK,PI3K/AKT signaling pathway to promote osteoblast bone formation and through OPG/RANKL/RANK,estrogen,CTSK signaling pathway to inhibit osteoclasts of bone resorption.(1)Epimedium,Drynariae Rhizoma,Cnidium and Psoralen up-regulate the key proteins and genes of BMP-Smads and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways to promote bone formation.(2)Epimedium,Drynariae Rhizoma,Cnidium,Eucommia,Psoralen,Dipsacusinhibit the bone resorption by mediating the OPG/RANKL/RANK signaling pathway.(2)Kidney-tonifying traditional Chinese medicine prevent and treat osteoporosis through a variety of ways:Icariin,Naringin,Osthol,Psoralen can regulate BMP-Smads,Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway to promote bone formation,but also activate OPG/RANKL/RANK,CTSK and other signaling pathway to inhibit bone resorption.(3)The crosstalk of the signaling pathways and the animal experiments of the traditional Chinese medicine on the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis as well as their multi-target mechanism and comprehensive regulation need further clarification.展开更多
Thermal performance of envelopes and indoor thermal environment were technologically improved for traditional wooden vernacular dwellings of Tujia Minority in Western Hunan, China, on the premise of protecting their c...Thermal performance of envelopes and indoor thermal environment were technologically improved for traditional wooden vernacular dwellings of Tujia Minority in Western Hunan, China, on the premise of protecting their conventional styles. Thermal insulation boards and wooden boards were added to the interior side of external walls of vernacular dwellings to form two layers of air cavities, so as to gain excellent thermal performance. The indoor temperature of such dwellings after reconstruction was apparently improved compared with the data before reconstruction both in winter and summer, which verified the feasibility and the effectiveness of the reconstruction technologies proposed.展开更多
The similarities of the non-linear chemical （NLC） fingerprints of Radix Glycyrrhizaes from four producing areas and eight other traditional Chinese medicines （TCMs） were calculated, using a systemic similarity cal...The similarities of the non-linear chemical （NLC） fingerprints of Radix Glycyrrhizaes from four producing areas and eight other traditional Chinese medicines （TCMs） were calculated, using a systemic similarity calculation method proposed and three other main calculation ones （Euclidean distance, correlation coefficient and included angle cosine）. All of the correlation coefficient similarities of different TCMs are higher than 0.952, and the included angle cosines are all higher than 0.962. So, both the conelation coefficient and included angle cosine similarities are unable to be used as the criteria for quantitatively evaluating the similarities of NLC fingerprints of TCMs. Although all of the Euclidean distance similarities of Berry Liquorices from four producing areas are less than 73, those of the other eight TCMs are all more than 180. The Euclidean distance cannot reflect the relative magnitudes of the feature differences in the NLC fingerprints very correctly. The systemic similarity method is the best among the four ones. All of the systemic similarities of Berry Liquorices from the four producing areas are higher than 0.962, while those of the other eight TCMs are all lower than 0.805, and the systemic similarity can reflect the differences between samples most faithfully, and can be used as a quantitative one evaluating the similarities of NLC fingerprints of TCMs, by which TCM could be distinguished and evaluated quickly, simply and exactly.展开更多
Since the diccovery of neural stem cells(NSCs)in the embryonic and adult mammalian central nerous system,it provided novel ideas forneurogenesis as the potential of proliferation and differentiation of NSCs.One of the...Since the diccovery of neural stem cells(NSCs)in the embryonic and adult mammalian central nerous system,it provided novel ideas forneurogenesis as the potential of proliferation and differentiation of NSCs.One of the ways to promote the clinical application of neural stem cells(NSCs)is searching effective methods which regulate the proliferation and differentiation.This is also a problem urgently to be solved in medical field.Plenty of earlier studies have shown that traditional chinese medicine can promote the proliferation and differentiation of NSCs by regulating the related signaling pathway in vivo and in vitro.The reports of Chinese and foreign literatures on regulating the proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells in recent ten years and their target and signaling pathways is analyzed in this review.The traditional chinese medicine regulate proliferation and differentiation of NSCs by the signaling pathways of Notch,PI3K/Akt,Wnt/β-catenin,and GFs.And,those signaling pathways have cross-talk in the regulation progress.Moreover,some traditional Chinese medicine,such as astragalus,has a variety of active ingredients to regulate proliferation and differentiation of NSCs through different signaling pathways.However,to accelerate the clinical application of neural stem cells,the studies aboutthe proliferation and differentiation of NSCs and Chinese medicine should be further deepened,the mechanism of multiple targets and the comprehensive regulation function of traditional Chinese medicine should be clarified.展开更多
OBJECTIVE To systematically review the clinical efficacy and safety on TCHMs that are used for vascular dementia(VaD).METHODS To identify studies for systematical review,electronic searches were performed through seve...OBJECTIVE To systematically review the clinical efficacy and safety on TCHMs that are used for vascular dementia(VaD).METHODS To identify studies for systematical review,electronic searches were performed through several databases-ALOIS,CNKI,CBM,Weipu,Wanfang,etc.Only randomized control trials(RCTs)or controlled clinical trials(CCTs)were included.Patients were diagnosed with VaD by diagnostic criteria(DSM,NINDS-AIREN,ICD or HIS)as well as imaging technique(CT,MRI or functional imaging,etc).Eligible TCHMs must be recognized in the Chinese Pharmacopeia or the National Essential Drug List of the People′s Republic of China.Included studies were appraised using the Cochrane Collaboration risk-of-bias criteria.Efficacy and safety outcomes were evaluated by meta-analysis.Efficacy outcomes include cognition,daily function,global performance and behaviour;safety was assessed by the number of adverse events and number of subjects experiencing adverse events.Assessment of heterogeneity,subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis were also performed.RESULTS A total of 46 trials on 29TCHMs(3522patients)were included.45 studies were RCTs and 1was CCT.In these 45 RCTs,only 2were appraised as adequately randomised.5of 46 trials were appraised as having low risk of bias in blinding.Sample sizes were generally small ranging from 26 to 216with a median of 68.All trials were conducted in China from 1997 to 2013.All 46 studies assessed cognition using one or a combination of the following scales:MMSE(n=40 studies;3096 patients),HDS(n=22;1664 patients),ADAS-Cog(n=4;241 patients),CDT(n=1;60patients)and CCSE(n=1;26patients).Half of the studies assessed daily function using either the ADL(n=22;1743 patients)or IADL(n=2;203patients).Only 6studies measured behaviour using the FAQ(n=3;226 subjects),BBS(n=1;48patients),NPI(n=1;100subjects)or Neurological Deficits Function Scale(n=1;91patients).30 studies measured global performance.31 of 46 studies made conclusions regarding the safety of the TCHMs.Despite the problems of methodology and reporting,we can identify three TCHMs-NaoXinTong,Shenfu and Tongxinluo as having relatively stronger evidence of efficacy.There is weak evidence for the safety of TCHMs for VaD.CONCLUSION There is weak evidence for the efficacy and safety of TCHMs for VaD because of the poor methodology,short duration of follow-up and inadequate reporting.However the agents appear to be relatively free of severe short-term AEs,hence we encourage further better designed and reported trials.展开更多
OBJECTIVE In recent years,the frequency of hyperuricemia has gradually risen along with the improvement of living standards,the irregular of diet and overfeeding greasy and surfeit flavor.However,hyperuricemia is a di...OBJECTIVE In recent years,the frequency of hyperuricemia has gradually risen along with the improvement of living standards,the irregular of diet and overfeeding greasy and surfeit flavor.However,hyperuricemia is a disorder of purine metabolism,and is strongly associated with insulin resistance and abnormal glucose metabolism.It is important to obtain a more stable and sustained animal model for the efficacy evaluation of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).METHODS To manufacture the rodent model of hyperuricemia,the theory of increasing the source of the uric acid,reducing uric acid excretion and inhibiting uricase were used.We observed the influence on the serum uric acid and other indicators of rats induced by some factors:the lipid emulsion,high purine diet,beer with sugar,beer with sugar and high purine,and so on.Then we choose one of the stable and sustained animal models,studying the effects of Plo.E(which extracted from a TCM)on modulating the level of serum uric acid and the preliminary mechanism in this abstract.RESULTS ① At the 2nd week,the level of serum UA,BUN,Cr,TC,LDL-c of rats in the lipid emulsion group raised significantly.② At the 6th weeks,the serum UA in both the high purine diet group and lipid emulsion group raised obviously.③ The effects of Plo.E on hyperuricemia rats induced by high purine diet:After 8d administration,the Plo.E(three dosages)can reduce the UA level,and the middle and low dosages can reduce the TG level.After 25 dadministration,Plo.E can reduce the plasma viscosity,UA,TG,the whole blood viscosity level,the high dosage also can reduce the TC level.CONCLUSION The rats induced by the high purine diet and lipid emulsion can raised the serum UA obviously,while the way of lipid emulsion is earlier and more stable.Plo.E has a therapeutic effect on hyperuricemia,with an activity of reducing plasma viscosity and blood lipid.The above models conform to the pathogenesis of humans,can be used to study the causes and pathogenesis of hyperuricemia complicating metabolic disorder and the related treatment drug screening.展开更多
"Herb-Pairs",also known as pair drugs,refers to a prescription consisted of two relatively fixed traditional Chinese medicine,is the most basic,most simple and most common form of medication prescription in ..."Herb-Pairs",also known as pair drugs,refers to a prescription consisted of two relatively fixed traditional Chinese medicine,is the most basic,most simple and most common form of medication prescription in traditional Chinese medicine compound compatibility.It is not a random combination of two herbs,nor is the simple accumulation of efficacy,but the simple and delicate experience of ancient Chinese medicine practitioners.As a bridge between single drug and prescriptions,it is the embodiment of the regular and dialectical connotation.Therefore,research on Herb-Pairs has always been the most basic and most important entry point for compound compatibility studies.However,the interaction between herbs and herbs is an effect with a downside as well as benefits.The beneficial herb-herb interaction in Herb-Pairs include mutual promotion,mutual enhancement,mutual restraint between two drugs and counteract toxicity of another drug.And the harmful herb-herb interaction in Herb-Pairs includes mutual inhibition and antagonism.Al of these interactions areby means of affecting the metabolism of components to play a therapeutic effect.Using the pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic(PK-PD)binding model,the combination of drug metabolism and pharmacodynamics can further elucidate the influence on effect caused by drug concentration and metabolism,which can help elucidate the mechanism of drug action.Consequently,in this review,the herb-herb interactions in terms of pharmacokinetic were summarized to elucidate rule of TCM compatibility.展开更多
This paper is the analysis of the main body, the object and their relationship concerning research of traditional Chinese medicine. The result proved that the main body of research of traditional Chinese medicine is r...This paper is the analysis of the main body, the object and their relationship concerning research of traditional Chinese medicine. The result proved that the main body of research of traditional Chinese medicine is researchers who possessed the fundamentals of traditional Chinese medicine. It is the objects of research of traditional Chinese medicine that origin of a class of traditional Chinese medical literature consisting of herbals which focus on descriptions of individual drugs; the relationship of the technological process of preparing Chinese medicine, as by parching, roasting, baking, steaming, soaking, and simmering, etc.;and technology of separating, extracting and purifying for composition; traditional Chinese medicine dynamics of one of the 12 two-hour periods into which the day was formerly divided before the introduction of western chronology; compatibility of medicines in active compositions; patent, effectiveness for a given period of time and constantly changing of traditional Chinese medicine.The relationship between the main body and the objects was that the former depends on the latter ones and the main body has subjective initiative as fully as possible.展开更多
In order to investigate the mechanism of action of immunoenhancer, the effects of the traditional Chinese medicine immunopromoter on the quantity and the transformation rates of T lymphocytes in the chicken blood were...In order to investigate the mechanism of action of immunoenhancer, the effects of the traditional Chinese medicine immunopromoter on the quantity and the transformation rates of T lymphocytes in the chicken blood were determined. Total 120 chickens were randomly assigned into three groups. The 1% and the 0.5% of the Chinese medicine immunopromoter were added to the chicken drinking water, respectively. The quantity of T lymphocytes in each group was measured by a-Naphthyl acetate esterase （ANAE） staining. The results showed that the percentages of T lymphocytes of the treatment groups were significantly higher than that of the control group （P〈0.05）, and the percentage of the 1% group significantly higher than that of the 0.5% group （P〈0.05）. In conclusion, the transformation rates of T lymphocytes showed that the Chinese medicine immunopromoter had the significant enhancing effect on the transformation rates of T lymphocytes of the treated chickens. The traditional Chinese medicine immunopromoter had the distinct function to promote the quantity and the transformation rate of T lymphocytes.展开更多
The influence factors treating wastewater of Chinese traditional medicine extraction by photosynthetic bacteria are tested and discussed. The results indicate that the method of photosynthetic bacteria can eliminate C...The influence factors treating wastewater of Chinese traditional medicine extraction by photosynthetic bacteria are tested and discussed. The results indicate that the method of photosynthetic bacteria can eliminate COD and BOD from wastewater in high efficiency. And it also has high load shock resistance. On the conditions of slight aerobic and semi-darkness, treating wastewater of Chinese traditional medicine extraction, the method has better efficiency to eliminate COD and BOD from the wastewater than those by anaerobic illumination and aerobic darkness treatments. After pretreatment of hydrolytic acidization, the removal rate of COD in the wastewater reached more than 85 %, and that rate of BOD reached more than 90% in the treating system of photosynthetic bacteria. It may be more feasible and advantageous than traditional anaerobic biological process to treat organic wastewater using PSB system.展开更多
Objective: The purpose of this study was to detect the prevalence of distolingual(DL) roots in the permanent mandibular molars in a Chinese population by using cone-beam computed tomography(CBCT).Methods : A total of ...Objective: The purpose of this study was to detect the prevalence of distolingual(DL) roots in the permanent mandibular molars in a Chinese population by using cone-beam computed tomography(CBCT).Methods : A total of 500Chinese patients'CBCT images were examined.The incidences and bilateral concurrence rates of DL roots were determined for the permanent mandibular first,second and third molars.The differences between sexes and sides were tested by using Chi-square tests.The antimeric correlations for occurrence of the trait were analyzed with the Spearman's rank order correlation test.Results : The prevalence of 3-rooted mandibular first molars was 31.98%(134 / 419individuals) calculated by individuals,and 25.89%(217 / 838teeth) calculated by teeth.The bilateral concurrence rate was 61.94%.A significant right-side predilection was found in the female group(P=0.025) as well as for both sexes combined(P=0.009).The Spearman's correlations coefficient between antimeres was 0.77(P=0.000).The prevalence of DL roots in the mandibular second and third molars were 2.02%(8 / 396individuals) and 12.10%(19 / 157individuals),respectively.The corresponding bilateral concurrence rate was 12.50% and 35.83%,and the bilateral correlation coefficient was 0.22(P=0.000) and 0.50(P=0.000),respectively.Conclusion : Clinicians should be aware of the high prevalence of the DL roots in the Chinese population.Understanding the pattern of occurrence would be useful for dental treatment.展开更多
Nowadays,the communication of traditional culture is facing various challenges,including limitations of traditional culture itself,decrease of inheritors,poor construction of structure,and heterization of connotation,...Nowadays,the communication of traditional culture is facing various challenges,including limitations of traditional culture itself,decrease of inheritors,poor construction of structure,and heterization of connotation,as well as conflicts between Chinese and foreign cultures in the context of globalization.New media has provided more opportunities for the communication of outstanding Chinese traditional culture.This paper analyzed the role of new media in completing the structure and expanding the scope of communication of outstanding Chinese traditional culture,and proposed strategy for optimizing the communication route from the perspective of improving environment,changing content,and adjusting strategy.The contributions of new media to the communication of Chinese traditional culture should be highly appreciated.展开更多
General Secretary Xi Jinping has proposed the new civilization concept of civilization exchange and mutual learning,and the high cultural self-confidence lies in deep civilization exchange and mutual learning.Chinese ...General Secretary Xi Jinping has proposed the new civilization concept of civilization exchange and mutual learning,and the high cultural self-confidence lies in deep civilization exchange and mutual learning.Chinese traditional culture is the concentrated expression of country and nation at the cultural and spiritual level.Under the background of civilization mutual learming,it should cultivate the ideological foundation of traditional culture,focus on diversified development of media,build a bridge of communication between countries,and finally realize the construc-tion of the human destiny community and cultural community of“beauty representing itself with diversity and integri-ty”between Chinese traditional culture and other cultures.展开更多
OBJECTIVE Our previous studies demonstrated that various ingredients from the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis,as exemplified by cryptotanshinone and salvianol...OBJECTIVE Our previous studies demonstrated that various ingredients from the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis,as exemplified by cryptotanshinone and salvianolic acid B,exerted striking effects on modulating angiogenesis and vascular permeability,which suggests that they may be effective in treating vascular leak-driven diseases(e.g.tumor,cerebral cavernous malformation and diabetic retinopathy).However,the lack of reliable and advanced technologies and models sets up difficult hurdles for better understanding the role of TCM for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis.To this end,this study is to outline numerous cutting-edge platforms that can be utilized for exploring the function of TCM for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis in vascular leak-driven diseases.METHODS Two-photon laser scanning fluorescence microscopy was used to observe the interactions between neutrophils and blood vessels in a real-time manner.Dynamic flow system was employed to mimic the in vivo behaviors of neutrophils.RIP1-Tag5 spontaneous pancreatic cancer model was used to study the function of tumor blood vessels.CCM2ECKO(deletion of CCM2 in endothelial cells)mice were employed to establish the cerebral cavernous malformation(CCM)animal model.Micro-computed tomography(micro-CT)was utilized to assess the CCM lesion.Müller cell-knockout mouse model was used to study the progression of diabetic retinopathy.Vascular permeability in this model was assessed by fluorescein angiography.RESULTS The interactions between neutrophils and endothelial cells involve a series of complicated processes,including rolling,adhesion,intraluminal crawling and transmigration,which were all monitored in vivo by two-photon laser scanning fluorescence microscopy in a real-time manner.Dynamic flow system was capable of recapitulating the biological behaviors of neutrophils in vitro.Tumor vascular function in particular vascular perfusion could be assessed in the RIP1-Tag5 spontaneous pancreatic cancer model.In terms of CCM studies,specific deletion of CCM2 in endothelial cells resulted in the initiation of CCM lesion.The size and number of CCM lesions could be visualized and quantified by micro-CT.Furthermore,the Müller cell-knockout mouse model was able to precisely reflect the clinical symptoms of diabetic retinopathy.Vascular leak could be monitored at different time points using fluorescein angiography.CONCLUSION An array of high technologies and animal models can be used in investigating the occurrence and progression of multiple vascular leak-driven diseases.The pre-clinical and clinical studies of TCM for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis provide fundamental support for the application of the above-mentioned platforms,with the purpose of uncovering the scientific basis of TCM for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis.展开更多
文摘Water culture experiment was conducted to study the effects of selenium(Se) on glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px) activity,reduced glutathione(GSH) concentration and the accumulation of malonaldehyde(MDA),the product of lipid peroxidation in rice seedling,as well as the effect of se on oxidizing ability of roots under ferrous stress.Results showed that appropriate amount of se significantly increased GSH-Px activity in rice leaves,F=5.5 *,enhanced the amount of GSH and oxidizing ability of roots and reduced the concentration of MDA,F=4.9 *.Compared with Se0+Fe treatment,Se treatments increased the dry matter weight of rice seedling from 10.06% to 10.43%,F=4.09 *.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(81403502)General Research Fund ofResearch Grants Council of Hong Kong (17124418).
文摘OBJECTIVE Major depressive disorder(MDD) is a highly heterogeneous mental illness.Further classification may help characterize its heterogeneity.The purpose of this study was to examine metabolomic and brain connectomic associations with traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) diagnostic classification of MDD.METHODS Fifty unmedicated depressed patients were classified into Liver Qi Stagnation(LQS,n=30) and Heart and Spleen Deficiency(HSD,n=20) subtypes according to TCM diagnosis.Healthy volunteers(n=28) were included as controls.Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS) and diffusion tensor imaging were used to detect serum and urinary metabolomic profiles and whole-brain white matter connectivity,respectively.RESULTS In metabolomic analysis,28 metabolites were identified for good separations between TCM subtypes and healthy controls in serum and urine samples.While both TCM subtypes had similar profiles in proteinogenic branched-chain amino acids and energy metabolism-related metabolites that were differentiated from healthy controls,the LQS subtype additionally differed from healthy controls in multiple amino acid metabolites that are involved in the biosynthesis of monoamine and amino acid neurotransmitters.Several metabolites are differentially associated with the two subtypes.In connectomic analysis,The LQS subtype showed significant differences in multiple network metrics of the angular gyrus,middle occipital gyrus,calcarine sulcus,and Heschl′ s gyrus when compared to the other two groups.The HSD subtype had markedly greater regional connectivity of the insula,parahippocampal gyrus,and posterior cingulate gyrus than the other two groups,and microstructural abnormalities of the frontal medial orbital gyrus and middle temporal pole.The insular betweenness centrality was strongly inversely correlated with the severity of depression and dichotomized the two subtypes at the optimal cutoff value with acceptable sensitivity and specificity.CONCLUSION The LQS subtype may represent an MDD subpopulation mainly characterized by abnormalities in the biosynthesis of monoamine and amino acid neurotransmitters,closer associations with stress-related pathophysiology,and aberrant connectivity of the audiovisual perception-related temporal-occipital network,whereas the HSD subtype is more closely associated with hyperconnectivity and microstructural abnormalities of the limbicparalimbic network.Certain metabolomic and connectomic variables are potential biomarkers for TCM diagnostic subtypes which is perhaps an alternative classification for depressive disorders.
基金supported by the grant from National Science Foundation,Beijing(Project No.50078038).
文摘The traditional performing arts and theatrical buildings in China can be traced back to a long history and were well developed during Song and Yuan Dynasties, 11th-14th centuries. Pavilion stage, opened on three sides and thrusting into the audience area, was unique and the most popular form in the open-air theatres, the courtyard theatres, and the indoor theatres up to the present day. As the traditional Chinese opera is performed in an abstract way, no stage settings are required and used. Therefore, the pavilion stage including the flat or domed ceiling and the back wall is virtually functioned as a reflective shell, which increases the early reflections and also intensifies the sound in the audience area. Meanwhile, it provides sufficient self-support to the performers. Acoustical parameters including reverberation time RT, early decay time EDT, acoustic ratio C （50）, strength index （loudness） G, and stage support factor ST1 were measured and reported on several traditional theatrical buildings.
文摘The treatment and signaling pathway regulation effects of kidney-tonifying traditional Chinese medicine on osteoporosis have been widely studied,but without a systematic summary currently.This review comprehensively collected and analyzed the traditional Chinese medicine on the treatment and signaling pathway regulation of osteoporosis in recent ten years,such as Epimedium,Drynariae Rhizoma,Cnidium,Eucommia,Psoralen and Dipsacus.Based on the existing findings,we concluded the following conclusions:(1)kidney-tonifying traditional Chinese medicine treats osteoporosis mainly through BMP-Smads,Wnt/β-catenin,MAPK,PI3K/AKT signaling pathway to promote osteoblast bone formation and through OPG/RANKL/RANK,estrogen,CTSK signaling pathway to inhibit osteoclasts of bone resorption.(1)Epimedium,Drynariae Rhizoma,Cnidium and Psoralen up-regulate the key proteins and genes of BMP-Smads and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways to promote bone formation.(2)Epimedium,Drynariae Rhizoma,Cnidium,Eucommia,Psoralen,Dipsacusinhibit the bone resorption by mediating the OPG/RANKL/RANK signaling pathway.(2)Kidney-tonifying traditional Chinese medicine prevent and treat osteoporosis through a variety of ways:Icariin,Naringin,Osthol,Psoralen can regulate BMP-Smads,Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway to promote bone formation,but also activate OPG/RANKL/RANK,CTSK and other signaling pathway to inhibit bone resorption.(3)The crosstalk of the signaling pathways and the animal experiments of the traditional Chinese medicine on the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis as well as their multi-target mechanism and comprehensive regulation need further clarification.
基金Project(51308548)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2014M552155)supported by China Postdoctoral Science FoundationProject(2013RS4054)supported by the Science and Technology Fund of Hunan Province,China
文摘Thermal performance of envelopes and indoor thermal environment were technologically improved for traditional wooden vernacular dwellings of Tujia Minority in Western Hunan, China, on the premise of protecting their conventional styles. Thermal insulation boards and wooden boards were added to the interior side of external walls of vernacular dwellings to form two layers of air cavities, so as to gain excellent thermal performance. The indoor temperature of such dwellings after reconstruction was apparently improved compared with the data before reconstruction both in winter and summer, which verified the feasibility and the effectiveness of the reconstruction technologies proposed.
基金Project(2009GJD20033) supported by the National Science and Technology Ministry of China
文摘The similarities of the non-linear chemical （NLC） fingerprints of Radix Glycyrrhizaes from four producing areas and eight other traditional Chinese medicines （TCMs） were calculated, using a systemic similarity calculation method proposed and three other main calculation ones （Euclidean distance, correlation coefficient and included angle cosine）. All of the correlation coefficient similarities of different TCMs are higher than 0.952, and the included angle cosines are all higher than 0.962. So, both the conelation coefficient and included angle cosine similarities are unable to be used as the criteria for quantitatively evaluating the similarities of NLC fingerprints of TCMs. Although all of the Euclidean distance similarities of Berry Liquorices from four producing areas are less than 73, those of the other eight TCMs are all more than 180. The Euclidean distance cannot reflect the relative magnitudes of the feature differences in the NLC fingerprints very correctly. The systemic similarity method is the best among the four ones. All of the systemic similarities of Berry Liquorices from the four producing areas are higher than 0.962, while those of the other eight TCMs are all lower than 0.805, and the systemic similarity can reflect the differences between samples most faithfully, and can be used as a quantitative one evaluating the similarities of NLC fingerprints of TCMs, by which TCM could be distinguished and evaluated quickly, simply and exactly.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(81473549)Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities(XDJK2017E158)
文摘Since the diccovery of neural stem cells(NSCs)in the embryonic and adult mammalian central nerous system,it provided novel ideas forneurogenesis as the potential of proliferation and differentiation of NSCs.One of the ways to promote the clinical application of neural stem cells(NSCs)is searching effective methods which regulate the proliferation and differentiation.This is also a problem urgently to be solved in medical field.Plenty of earlier studies have shown that traditional chinese medicine can promote the proliferation and differentiation of NSCs by regulating the related signaling pathway in vivo and in vitro.The reports of Chinese and foreign literatures on regulating the proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells in recent ten years and their target and signaling pathways is analyzed in this review.The traditional chinese medicine regulate proliferation and differentiation of NSCs by the signaling pathways of Notch,PI3K/Akt,Wnt/β-catenin,and GFs.And,those signaling pathways have cross-talk in the regulation progress.Moreover,some traditional Chinese medicine,such as astragalus,has a variety of active ingredients to regulate proliferation and differentiation of NSCs through different signaling pathways.However,to accelerate the clinical application of neural stem cells,the studies aboutthe proliferation and differentiation of NSCs and Chinese medicine should be further deepened,the mechanism of multiple targets and the comprehensive regulation function of traditional Chinese medicine should be clarified.
文摘OBJECTIVE To systematically review the clinical efficacy and safety on TCHMs that are used for vascular dementia(VaD).METHODS To identify studies for systematical review,electronic searches were performed through several databases-ALOIS,CNKI,CBM,Weipu,Wanfang,etc.Only randomized control trials(RCTs)or controlled clinical trials(CCTs)were included.Patients were diagnosed with VaD by diagnostic criteria(DSM,NINDS-AIREN,ICD or HIS)as well as imaging technique(CT,MRI or functional imaging,etc).Eligible TCHMs must be recognized in the Chinese Pharmacopeia or the National Essential Drug List of the People′s Republic of China.Included studies were appraised using the Cochrane Collaboration risk-of-bias criteria.Efficacy and safety outcomes were evaluated by meta-analysis.Efficacy outcomes include cognition,daily function,global performance and behaviour;safety was assessed by the number of adverse events and number of subjects experiencing adverse events.Assessment of heterogeneity,subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis were also performed.RESULTS A total of 46 trials on 29TCHMs(3522patients)were included.45 studies were RCTs and 1was CCT.In these 45 RCTs,only 2were appraised as adequately randomised.5of 46 trials were appraised as having low risk of bias in blinding.Sample sizes were generally small ranging from 26 to 216with a median of 68.All trials were conducted in China from 1997 to 2013.All 46 studies assessed cognition using one or a combination of the following scales:MMSE(n=40 studies;3096 patients),HDS(n=22;1664 patients),ADAS-Cog(n=4;241 patients),CDT(n=1;60patients)and CCSE(n=1;26patients).Half of the studies assessed daily function using either the ADL(n=22;1743 patients)or IADL(n=2;203patients).Only 6studies measured behaviour using the FAQ(n=3;226 subjects),BBS(n=1;48patients),NPI(n=1;100subjects)or Neurological Deficits Function Scale(n=1;91patients).30 studies measured global performance.31 of 46 studies made conclusions regarding the safety of the TCHMs.Despite the problems of methodology and reporting,we can identify three TCHMs-NaoXinTong,Shenfu and Tongxinluo as having relatively stronger evidence of efficacy.There is weak evidence for the safety of TCHMs for VaD.CONCLUSION There is weak evidence for the efficacy and safety of TCHMs for VaD because of the poor methodology,short duration of follow-up and inadequate reporting.However the agents appear to be relatively free of severe short-term AEs,hence we encourage further better designed and reported trials.
基金The project supported by National Major Scientific and Technological Specialized Project for the Significant Formulation of New Drugs,China(2014ZX09301-307-13)Zhejiang Province Health High-Level Innovative Talents Training Project
文摘OBJECTIVE In recent years,the frequency of hyperuricemia has gradually risen along with the improvement of living standards,the irregular of diet and overfeeding greasy and surfeit flavor.However,hyperuricemia is a disorder of purine metabolism,and is strongly associated with insulin resistance and abnormal glucose metabolism.It is important to obtain a more stable and sustained animal model for the efficacy evaluation of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).METHODS To manufacture the rodent model of hyperuricemia,the theory of increasing the source of the uric acid,reducing uric acid excretion and inhibiting uricase were used.We observed the influence on the serum uric acid and other indicators of rats induced by some factors:the lipid emulsion,high purine diet,beer with sugar,beer with sugar and high purine,and so on.Then we choose one of the stable and sustained animal models,studying the effects of Plo.E(which extracted from a TCM)on modulating the level of serum uric acid and the preliminary mechanism in this abstract.RESULTS ① At the 2nd week,the level of serum UA,BUN,Cr,TC,LDL-c of rats in the lipid emulsion group raised significantly.② At the 6th weeks,the serum UA in both the high purine diet group and lipid emulsion group raised obviously.③ The effects of Plo.E on hyperuricemia rats induced by high purine diet:After 8d administration,the Plo.E(three dosages)can reduce the UA level,and the middle and low dosages can reduce the TG level.After 25 dadministration,Plo.E can reduce the plasma viscosity,UA,TG,the whole blood viscosity level,the high dosage also can reduce the TC level.CONCLUSION The rats induced by the high purine diet and lipid emulsion can raised the serum UA obviously,while the way of lipid emulsion is earlier and more stable.Plo.E has a therapeutic effect on hyperuricemia,with an activity of reducing plasma viscosity and blood lipid.The above models conform to the pathogenesis of humans,can be used to study the causes and pathogenesis of hyperuricemia complicating metabolic disorder and the related treatment drug screening.
文摘"Herb-Pairs",also known as pair drugs,refers to a prescription consisted of two relatively fixed traditional Chinese medicine,is the most basic,most simple and most common form of medication prescription in traditional Chinese medicine compound compatibility.It is not a random combination of two herbs,nor is the simple accumulation of efficacy,but the simple and delicate experience of ancient Chinese medicine practitioners.As a bridge between single drug and prescriptions,it is the embodiment of the regular and dialectical connotation.Therefore,research on Herb-Pairs has always been the most basic and most important entry point for compound compatibility studies.However,the interaction between herbs and herbs is an effect with a downside as well as benefits.The beneficial herb-herb interaction in Herb-Pairs include mutual promotion,mutual enhancement,mutual restraint between two drugs and counteract toxicity of another drug.And the harmful herb-herb interaction in Herb-Pairs includes mutual inhibition and antagonism.Al of these interactions areby means of affecting the metabolism of components to play a therapeutic effect.Using the pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic(PK-PD)binding model,the combination of drug metabolism and pharmacodynamics can further elucidate the influence on effect caused by drug concentration and metabolism,which can help elucidate the mechanism of drug action.Consequently,in this review,the herb-herb interactions in terms of pharmacokinetic were summarized to elucidate rule of TCM compatibility.
文摘This paper is the analysis of the main body, the object and their relationship concerning research of traditional Chinese medicine. The result proved that the main body of research of traditional Chinese medicine is researchers who possessed the fundamentals of traditional Chinese medicine. It is the objects of research of traditional Chinese medicine that origin of a class of traditional Chinese medical literature consisting of herbals which focus on descriptions of individual drugs; the relationship of the technological process of preparing Chinese medicine, as by parching, roasting, baking, steaming, soaking, and simmering, etc.;and technology of separating, extracting and purifying for composition; traditional Chinese medicine dynamics of one of the 12 two-hour periods into which the day was formerly divided before the introduction of western chronology; compatibility of medicines in active compositions; patent, effectiveness for a given period of time and constantly changing of traditional Chinese medicine.The relationship between the main body and the objects was that the former depends on the latter ones and the main body has subjective initiative as fully as possible.
基金Hebei Science and Technology Office Programme (07220401D)Guangdong Science and Technology Office Programme (2006B203010 1020)
文摘In order to investigate the mechanism of action of immunoenhancer, the effects of the traditional Chinese medicine immunopromoter on the quantity and the transformation rates of T lymphocytes in the chicken blood were determined. Total 120 chickens were randomly assigned into three groups. The 1% and the 0.5% of the Chinese medicine immunopromoter were added to the chicken drinking water, respectively. The quantity of T lymphocytes in each group was measured by a-Naphthyl acetate esterase （ANAE） staining. The results showed that the percentages of T lymphocytes of the treatment groups were significantly higher than that of the control group （P〈0.05）, and the percentage of the 1% group significantly higher than that of the 0.5% group （P〈0.05）. In conclusion, the transformation rates of T lymphocytes showed that the Chinese medicine immunopromoter had the significant enhancing effect on the transformation rates of T lymphocytes of the treated chickens. The traditional Chinese medicine immunopromoter had the distinct function to promote the quantity and the transformation rate of T lymphocytes.
基金Tackle Key Problems in Science and Technology of Heilongjiang Province.
文摘The influence factors treating wastewater of Chinese traditional medicine extraction by photosynthetic bacteria are tested and discussed. The results indicate that the method of photosynthetic bacteria can eliminate COD and BOD from wastewater in high efficiency. And it also has high load shock resistance. On the conditions of slight aerobic and semi-darkness, treating wastewater of Chinese traditional medicine extraction, the method has better efficiency to eliminate COD and BOD from the wastewater than those by anaerobic illumination and aerobic darkness treatments. After pretreatment of hydrolytic acidization, the removal rate of COD in the wastewater reached more than 85 %, and that rate of BOD reached more than 90% in the treating system of photosynthetic bacteria. It may be more feasible and advantageous than traditional anaerobic biological process to treat organic wastewater using PSB system.
文摘Objective: The purpose of this study was to detect the prevalence of distolingual(DL) roots in the permanent mandibular molars in a Chinese population by using cone-beam computed tomography(CBCT).Methods : A total of 500Chinese patients'CBCT images were examined.The incidences and bilateral concurrence rates of DL roots were determined for the permanent mandibular first,second and third molars.The differences between sexes and sides were tested by using Chi-square tests.The antimeric correlations for occurrence of the trait were analyzed with the Spearman's rank order correlation test.Results : The prevalence of 3-rooted mandibular first molars was 31.98%(134 / 419individuals) calculated by individuals,and 25.89%(217 / 838teeth) calculated by teeth.The bilateral concurrence rate was 61.94%.A significant right-side predilection was found in the female group(P=0.025) as well as for both sexes combined(P=0.009).The Spearman's correlations coefficient between antimeres was 0.77(P=0.000).The prevalence of DL roots in the mandibular second and third molars were 2.02%(8 / 396individuals) and 12.10%(19 / 157individuals),respectively.The corresponding bilateral concurrence rate was 12.50% and 35.83%,and the bilateral correlation coefficient was 0.22(P=0.000) and 0.50(P=0.000),respectively.Conclusion : Clinicians should be aware of the high prevalence of the DL roots in the Chinese population.Understanding the pattern of occurrence would be useful for dental treatment.
基金the research findings of the research project of Sichuan International Studies University(Serial number:Sisu2019016)Project Title The Impact of New Media Hotspots on Urban Tourism
文摘Nowadays,the communication of traditional culture is facing various challenges,including limitations of traditional culture itself,decrease of inheritors,poor construction of structure,and heterization of connotation,as well as conflicts between Chinese and foreign cultures in the context of globalization.New media has provided more opportunities for the communication of outstanding Chinese traditional culture.This paper analyzed the role of new media in completing the structure and expanding the scope of communication of outstanding Chinese traditional culture,and proposed strategy for optimizing the communication route from the perspective of improving environment,changing content,and adjusting strategy.The contributions of new media to the communication of Chinese traditional culture should be highly appreciated.
基金Phased achievement of project under National Social Science Found-Research on Countermeasures of Multilevel Flow and Digital Communication of Targeted Poverty Alleviation Policy Information(16CXW027).
文摘General Secretary Xi Jinping has proposed the new civilization concept of civilization exchange and mutual learning,and the high cultural self-confidence lies in deep civilization exchange and mutual learning.Chinese traditional culture is the concentrated expression of country and nation at the cultural and spiritual level.Under the background of civilization mutual learming,it should cultivate the ideological foundation of traditional culture,focus on diversified development of media,build a bridge of communication between countries,and finally realize the construc-tion of the human destiny community and cultural community of“beauty representing itself with diversity and integri-ty”between Chinese traditional culture and other cultures.
文摘OBJECTIVE Our previous studies demonstrated that various ingredients from the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis,as exemplified by cryptotanshinone and salvianolic acid B,exerted striking effects on modulating angiogenesis and vascular permeability,which suggests that they may be effective in treating vascular leak-driven diseases(e.g.tumor,cerebral cavernous malformation and diabetic retinopathy).However,the lack of reliable and advanced technologies and models sets up difficult hurdles for better understanding the role of TCM for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis.To this end,this study is to outline numerous cutting-edge platforms that can be utilized for exploring the function of TCM for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis in vascular leak-driven diseases.METHODS Two-photon laser scanning fluorescence microscopy was used to observe the interactions between neutrophils and blood vessels in a real-time manner.Dynamic flow system was employed to mimic the in vivo behaviors of neutrophils.RIP1-Tag5 spontaneous pancreatic cancer model was used to study the function of tumor blood vessels.CCM2ECKO(deletion of CCM2 in endothelial cells)mice were employed to establish the cerebral cavernous malformation(CCM)animal model.Micro-computed tomography(micro-CT)was utilized to assess the CCM lesion.Müller cell-knockout mouse model was used to study the progression of diabetic retinopathy.Vascular permeability in this model was assessed by fluorescein angiography.RESULTS The interactions between neutrophils and endothelial cells involve a series of complicated processes,including rolling,adhesion,intraluminal crawling and transmigration,which were all monitored in vivo by two-photon laser scanning fluorescence microscopy in a real-time manner.Dynamic flow system was capable of recapitulating the biological behaviors of neutrophils in vitro.Tumor vascular function in particular vascular perfusion could be assessed in the RIP1-Tag5 spontaneous pancreatic cancer model.In terms of CCM studies,specific deletion of CCM2 in endothelial cells resulted in the initiation of CCM lesion.The size and number of CCM lesions could be visualized and quantified by micro-CT.Furthermore,the Müller cell-knockout mouse model was able to precisely reflect the clinical symptoms of diabetic retinopathy.Vascular leak could be monitored at different time points using fluorescein angiography.CONCLUSION An array of high technologies and animal models can be used in investigating the occurrence and progression of multiple vascular leak-driven diseases.The pre-clinical and clinical studies of TCM for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis provide fundamental support for the application of the above-mentioned platforms,with the purpose of uncovering the scientific basis of TCM for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis.
