The extensively built long-distance water transmission pipelines have become the main water sources for urban areas. To ensure the reliability and safety of the water supply, from the viewpoint of overall management, ...The extensively built long-distance water transmission pipelines have become the main water sources for urban areas. To ensure the reliability and safety of the water supply, from the viewpoint of overall management, it would be necessary to establish a system of information management for the pipeline. The monitoring, calculating and analyzing functions of the system serve to give controlling instructions and safe operating rules to the automatic equipment and technician, making sure the resistance coefficient distribution along the pipeline is reasonable; the hydraulic state transition is smooth when operating conditions change or water supply accidents occur, avoiding the damage of water hammer. This paper covered the composition structures of the information management system of long-distance water transmission pipelines and the functions of the subsystems, and finally elaborated on the approaches and steps of building a mathematics model for the analysis of dynamic hydraulic status.展开更多
A district heating and hot water supply system is presented which synthetically utilizes geothermal energy,solar thermal energy and natural gas thermal energy.The multi-energy utilization system has been set at the ne...A district heating and hot water supply system is presented which synthetically utilizes geothermal energy,solar thermal energy and natural gas thermal energy.The multi-energy utilization system has been set at the new campus of Tianjin Polytechnic University(TPU),A couple of deep geothermal wells which are 2 300 m in depth were dug,Deep geothermal energy cascade utilization is achieved by two stages of plate heat exchangers(PHE) and two stages of water source heat pumps(WSHP).Shallow geothermal energy is used in assistant heating by two ground coupled heat pumps(GCHPs) with 580 vertical ground wells which are 120 m in depth.Solar thermal energy collected by vacuum tube arrays(VTAs) and geothermal energy are complementarily utilized to make domestic hot water.Superfluous solar energy can be stored in shallow soil for the GCHP utilization.The system can use fossil fuel thermal energy by two natural gas boilers(NGB) to assist in heating and making hot water.The heating energy efficiency was measured in the winter of 2010-2011.The coefficients of performance(COP) under different heating conditions are discussed.The performance of hot water production is tested in a local typical winter day and the solar thermal energy utilization factor is presented.The rusults show that the average system COP is 5.75 or 4.96 under different working conditions,and the typical solar energy utilization factor is 0.324.展开更多
Geographic Information Systems(GIS) can be successfully introduced as a tool to manage water system infrastructures.This technology was taken into consideration after the local authorities’ estimation for almost 30%l...Geographic Information Systems(GIS) can be successfully introduced as a tool to manage water system infrastructures.This technology was taken into consideration after the local authorities’ estimation for almost 30%losses in the water distribution networks in cities.The major issue of water shortage in展开更多
The water supply system in Shanghai provides about 2.55×109 m3/a,of which more than 50% is derived from the Upper Huangpu River Watershed. During the process of rapid urbanization and industrialization,the role o...The water supply system in Shanghai provides about 2.55×109 m3/a,of which more than 50% is derived from the Upper Huangpu River Watershed. During the process of rapid urbanization and industrialization,the role of watershed management in sustaining clean drinking water quality at surface sources is emphasized in Shanghai. This paper proposes an integrated watershed management (IWM) approach in the context of the current pressures and problems of source water protection at the Upper Huangpu River Watershed in Shanghai. Based on data sets of land use,water quality and regional development,multi-criteria analysis and system dynamics techniques were used to evaluate effectiveness and improve decision-making of source water protection at a watershed scale. Different scenarios for potential source water quality changing from 2008 to 2020 were predicted,based on a systematic analysis and system dynamics modeling,a watershed management approach integrating land use prioritization and stakeholder involvement was designed to conserve the source water quality. The integrated watershed management (IWM) approach may help local authorities better understand and address the complex source water system,and develop improved safe drinking water strategies to better balance urban expansion and source water protection.展开更多
The factors influencing the water supply price of a hydraulic project include natural conditions and economic policies. This paper thoroughly demonstrates the water price of South-to-North Water Transfer Project from ...The factors influencing the water supply price of a hydraulic project include natural conditions and economic policies. This paper thoroughly demonstrates the water price of South-to-North Water Transfer Project from the viewpoint of economic policies. It is considered that if the project is assigned as a profitable one and built depending on commercial loan from bank completely or mostly, the water price will be too high to be undertaken by users,and if the project places the public good at first while considering the economic benefit, its investment mainly relies on the state (national or local governments) appropriation and self-raised funds and a little from the bank loan on favorable terms, the price determined according to the principle of satisfying the cost and reasonable profit will be relatively lower and can be undertaken by the users in the North China where water shortage is serious. The problem of higher water price of agricultural irrigation to the north of the Yellow River can be tackled by taking measures such as "compensating agriculture by industry" according to foreign practical experiences and relevant suggestions.展开更多
The drought in spring leads to the lack of soil water, which influents sprout and bud of crops, which furthermore affects growth and yield of crops. Studying the technology integration of bed-irrigating sowing, the me...The drought in spring leads to the lack of soil water, which influents sprout and bud of crops, which furthermore affects growth and yield of crops. Studying the technology integration of bed-irrigating sowing, the mending irrigation of seedling stage and the effect of water-saving of ridge plotted field, analyzing the finger of yield and dry matter accumulation, water-saving technology integration have good effects on water-saving, water storage and increasing moisture on soil and enhancement of soybean yield.展开更多
为解决交通网络与供水管网之间耦合关系所引发各类突发事件级联失效作用及其建模量化问题,以上海市中心城区为案例,利用出租车GPS数据及道路、供水管网GIS(Geographic Information System)数据,通过空间匹配和时间属性融合建立动态耦合...为解决交通网络与供水管网之间耦合关系所引发各类突发事件级联失效作用及其建模量化问题,以上海市中心城区为案例,利用出租车GPS数据及道路、供水管网GIS(Geographic Information System)数据,通过空间匹配和时间属性融合建立动态耦合网络,基于渗流理论提出网络影响力指数用于量化级联失效影响。结果表明,交通网络和供水管网之间存在显著的时空耦合效应,尤其在高峰时段供水管网的失效对交通网络的连通性和运行效率产生了直接影响。同时,通过构建解耦策略,提出管网规划和维护优化方案,可减少2个网络之间跨网络级联失效影响,可为提升城市关键基础设施韧性安全与运行可靠性提供参考。展开更多
基金Hi-Tech Research and Development Program of China (863 Program)(2002AA601140)
文摘The extensively built long-distance water transmission pipelines have become the main water sources for urban areas. To ensure the reliability and safety of the water supply, from the viewpoint of overall management, it would be necessary to establish a system of information management for the pipeline. The monitoring, calculating and analyzing functions of the system serve to give controlling instructions and safe operating rules to the automatic equipment and technician, making sure the resistance coefficient distribution along the pipeline is reasonable; the hydraulic state transition is smooth when operating conditions change or water supply accidents occur, avoiding the damage of water hammer. This paper covered the composition structures of the information management system of long-distance water transmission pipelines and the functions of the subsystems, and finally elaborated on the approaches and steps of building a mathematics model for the analysis of dynamic hydraulic status.
基金Project(2010DFA72740-06) supported by International Science & Technology Cooperation Program of China
文摘A district heating and hot water supply system is presented which synthetically utilizes geothermal energy,solar thermal energy and natural gas thermal energy.The multi-energy utilization system has been set at the new campus of Tianjin Polytechnic University(TPU),A couple of deep geothermal wells which are 2 300 m in depth were dug,Deep geothermal energy cascade utilization is achieved by two stages of plate heat exchangers(PHE) and two stages of water source heat pumps(WSHP).Shallow geothermal energy is used in assistant heating by two ground coupled heat pumps(GCHPs) with 580 vertical ground wells which are 120 m in depth.Solar thermal energy collected by vacuum tube arrays(VTAs) and geothermal energy are complementarily utilized to make domestic hot water.Superfluous solar energy can be stored in shallow soil for the GCHP utilization.The system can use fossil fuel thermal energy by two natural gas boilers(NGB) to assist in heating and making hot water.The heating energy efficiency was measured in the winter of 2010-2011.The coefficients of performance(COP) under different heating conditions are discussed.The performance of hot water production is tested in a local typical winter day and the solar thermal energy utilization factor is presented.The rusults show that the average system COP is 5.75 or 4.96 under different working conditions,and the typical solar energy utilization factor is 0.324.
文摘Geographic Information Systems(GIS) can be successfully introduced as a tool to manage water system infrastructures.This technology was taken into consideration after the local authorities’ estimation for almost 30%losses in the water distribution networks in cities.The major issue of water shortage in
基金Project(70603013) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProjects(08JC1408800,08JC1417602) supported by Key Program for Basic Research of Shanghai,China
文摘The water supply system in Shanghai provides about 2.55×109 m3/a,of which more than 50% is derived from the Upper Huangpu River Watershed. During the process of rapid urbanization and industrialization,the role of watershed management in sustaining clean drinking water quality at surface sources is emphasized in Shanghai. This paper proposes an integrated watershed management (IWM) approach in the context of the current pressures and problems of source water protection at the Upper Huangpu River Watershed in Shanghai. Based on data sets of land use,water quality and regional development,multi-criteria analysis and system dynamics techniques were used to evaluate effectiveness and improve decision-making of source water protection at a watershed scale. Different scenarios for potential source water quality changing from 2008 to 2020 were predicted,based on a systematic analysis and system dynamics modeling,a watershed management approach integrating land use prioritization and stakeholder involvement was designed to conserve the source water quality. The integrated watershed management (IWM) approach may help local authorities better understand and address the complex source water system,and develop improved safe drinking water strategies to better balance urban expansion and source water protection.
文摘The factors influencing the water supply price of a hydraulic project include natural conditions and economic policies. This paper thoroughly demonstrates the water price of South-to-North Water Transfer Project from the viewpoint of economic policies. It is considered that if the project is assigned as a profitable one and built depending on commercial loan from bank completely or mostly, the water price will be too high to be undertaken by users,and if the project places the public good at first while considering the economic benefit, its investment mainly relies on the state (national or local governments) appropriation and self-raised funds and a little from the bank loan on favorable terms, the price determined according to the principle of satisfying the cost and reasonable profit will be relatively lower and can be undertaken by the users in the North China where water shortage is serious. The problem of higher water price of agricultural irrigation to the north of the Yellow River can be tackled by taking measures such as "compensating agriculture by industry" according to foreign practical experiences and relevant suggestions.
基金Nature Science Fund Project in Heilongjiang Province (C2004-10)
文摘The drought in spring leads to the lack of soil water, which influents sprout and bud of crops, which furthermore affects growth and yield of crops. Studying the technology integration of bed-irrigating sowing, the mending irrigation of seedling stage and the effect of water-saving of ridge plotted field, analyzing the finger of yield and dry matter accumulation, water-saving technology integration have good effects on water-saving, water storage and increasing moisture on soil and enhancement of soybean yield.
文摘为解决交通网络与供水管网之间耦合关系所引发各类突发事件级联失效作用及其建模量化问题,以上海市中心城区为案例,利用出租车GPS数据及道路、供水管网GIS(Geographic Information System)数据,通过空间匹配和时间属性融合建立动态耦合网络,基于渗流理论提出网络影响力指数用于量化级联失效影响。结果表明,交通网络和供水管网之间存在显著的时空耦合效应,尤其在高峰时段供水管网的失效对交通网络的连通性和运行效率产生了直接影响。同时,通过构建解耦策略,提出管网规划和维护优化方案,可减少2个网络之间跨网络级联失效影响,可为提升城市关键基础设施韧性安全与运行可靠性提供参考。
