The power consumption of a variable optical attenuator（VOA） array based on a silica planar lightwave circuit was investigated. The thermal field profile of the device was optimized using the finite-element analysis....The power consumption of a variable optical attenuator（VOA） array based on a silica planar lightwave circuit was investigated. The thermal field profile of the device was optimized using the finite-element analysis. The simulation results showed that the power consumption reduces as the depth of the heat-insulating grooves is deeper, the up-cladding is thinner,the down-cladding is thicker, and the width of the cladding ridge is narrower. The materials component and thickness of the electrodes were also optimized to guarantee the driving voltage under 5 V. The power consumption was successfully reduced to as low as 155 mW at an attenuation of 30 dB in the experiment.展开更多
Visible light variable optical attenuators（VOA） are essential devices in the application of channel power regulation and equalization in wavelength-division multiplexing cross-connect nodes in plastic optical fiber...Visible light variable optical attenuators（VOA） are essential devices in the application of channel power regulation and equalization in wavelength-division multiplexing cross-connect nodes in plastic optical fiber（POF） transmission systems.In this paper, a polymer/silica hybrid waveguide thermo–optic attenuator based on multimode interference（MMI） coupler is designed and fabricated to operate at 650 nm. The single-mode transmission condition, MMI coupler, and transition taper dimensions are optimized through the beam propagation method. Thermal analysis based on material properties provides the optimized heater placement angle. The fabricated VOA presents an attenuation of 26.5 dB with a 21-mW electrical input power at 650 nm. The rise time and fall time are 51.99 and 192 μs, respectively. The time–stability measurement results prove its working reliability.展开更多
A four-stage cascaded variable optical attenuator(VOA)with a large attenuation range is presented.The VOA is based on a Mach–Zehnder interferometer(MZI)and fabricated in a silica-based planar lightwave circuit(PLC)pl...A four-stage cascaded variable optical attenuator(VOA)with a large attenuation range is presented.The VOA is based on a Mach–Zehnder interferometer(MZI)and fabricated in a silica-based planar lightwave circuit(PLC)platform.The thermo-optic effect is used to achieve intensity modulation.The measured maximum attenuation of the four-stage cascaded VOA is 88.38 d B.The chip is also tested in a quantum key distribution(QKD)system to generate signal and decoy states.The mean photon number after attenuation of the four-stage cascaded VOA is less than 0.1,which can meet the requirement of QKD.展开更多
设计并制作了基于绝缘体上硅（SOI）材料的16通道光功率可调波分复用/解复用器（VMUX/DEMUX）,其信道间隔为200 GHz。该VMUX/DEMUX器件为阵列波导光栅和电吸收型可调光衰减器的单片集成。给出了器件的基本工作原理、基本结构以及器件的...设计并制作了基于绝缘体上硅（SOI）材料的16通道光功率可调波分复用/解复用器（VMUX/DEMUX）,其信道间隔为200 GHz。该VMUX/DEMUX器件为阵列波导光栅和电吸收型可调光衰减器的单片集成。给出了器件的基本工作原理、基本结构以及器件的结构参数值,并对器件进行了测试,且对测试结果进行了简单分析。测试结果显示,该VMUX/DEMUX器件的片上损耗为9.324～10.048 d B,串扰为6.5～8.2 d B;在20 d B衰减下,单通道最大功耗为87.98 m W;16通道中最快响应上升时间为34.5 ns,下降时间为37.0 ns,响应时间为71.5 ns,所有通道的响应时间均在100 ns以下。该器件整体尺寸为2.9 mm×1 mm,能够实现良好的波分复用/解复用及信道功率均衡的功能。展开更多
基金Project supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2015AA016902)the National Nature Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61435013,61405188,and 61627820)
文摘The power consumption of a variable optical attenuator（VOA） array based on a silica planar lightwave circuit was investigated. The thermal field profile of the device was optimized using the finite-element analysis. The simulation results showed that the power consumption reduces as the depth of the heat-insulating grooves is deeper, the up-cladding is thinner,the down-cladding is thicker, and the width of the cladding ridge is narrower. The materials component and thickness of the electrodes were also optimized to guarantee the driving voltage under 5 V. The power consumption was successfully reduced to as low as 155 mW at an attenuation of 30 dB in the experiment.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61205032,61475061,61405070,61177027,61275033,and 61261130586)the Science and Technology Development Plan of Jilin Province,China(Grant No.20140519006JH)
文摘Visible light variable optical attenuators（VOA） are essential devices in the application of channel power regulation and equalization in wavelength-division multiplexing cross-connect nodes in plastic optical fiber（POF） transmission systems.In this paper, a polymer/silica hybrid waveguide thermo–optic attenuator based on multimode interference（MMI） coupler is designed and fabricated to operate at 650 nm. The single-mode transmission condition, MMI coupler, and transition taper dimensions are optimized through the beam propagation method. Thermal analysis based on material properties provides the optimized heater placement angle. The fabricated VOA presents an attenuation of 26.5 dB with a 21-mW electrical input power at 650 nm. The rise time and fall time are 51.99 and 192 μs, respectively. The time–stability measurement results prove its working reliability.
基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2019YFB2203504)Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.XDB43000000)the Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province,China(Grant No.1908085QF274)。
文摘A four-stage cascaded variable optical attenuator(VOA)with a large attenuation range is presented.The VOA is based on a Mach–Zehnder interferometer(MZI)and fabricated in a silica-based planar lightwave circuit(PLC)platform.The thermo-optic effect is used to achieve intensity modulation.The measured maximum attenuation of the four-stage cascaded VOA is 88.38 d B.The chip is also tested in a quantum key distribution(QKD)system to generate signal and decoy states.The mean photon number after attenuation of the four-stage cascaded VOA is less than 0.1,which can meet the requirement of QKD.
文摘设计并制作了基于绝缘体上硅（SOI）材料的16通道光功率可调波分复用/解复用器（VMUX/DEMUX）,其信道间隔为200 GHz。该VMUX/DEMUX器件为阵列波导光栅和电吸收型可调光衰减器的单片集成。给出了器件的基本工作原理、基本结构以及器件的结构参数值,并对器件进行了测试,且对测试结果进行了简单分析。测试结果显示,该VMUX/DEMUX器件的片上损耗为9.324～10.048 d B,串扰为6.5～8.2 d B;在20 d B衰减下,单通道最大功耗为87.98 m W;16通道中最快响应上升时间为34.5 ns,下降时间为37.0 ns,响应时间为71.5 ns,所有通道的响应时间均在100 ns以下。该器件整体尺寸为2.9 mm×1 mm,能够实现良好的波分复用/解复用及信道功率均衡的功能。
