计算能力弱、存储容量小是普通物联网节点的典型特征,复杂的部署环境和不稳定的无线链路又会导致物联网网络状态频繁变化.所以,物联网中固定的传输路径无法提供高效的感知及数据传输服务.例如典型的树型路由结构中,靠近树根的节点要提...计算能力弱、存储容量小是普通物联网节点的典型特征,复杂的部署环境和不稳定的无线链路又会导致物联网网络状态频繁变化.所以,物联网中固定的传输路径无法提供高效的感知及数据传输服务.例如典型的树型路由结构中,靠近树根的节点要提供的传输任务较重,能量消耗更快,会导致整个网络部署周期变短.本文提出了一种路径可实时定义的物联网传输模型(IoT Transmission Model with Real-time Path Definition,ITRP),物联子网中所有节点将邻接关系上报给网关设备,由性能占优的有源供电网关设备来定义网络的实时路由树.网关向物联子网节点发送报文时会携带转发标签,后续转发节点只需根据标签完成报文传输,并根据上一跳信息建立其到网关的反向传输路径.ITRP模型可围绕特定的网络服务目标(节能、传输安全、带宽保障等)收集相关网络状态信息,并周期性调整路由拓扑,实现物联网传输服务的优化.实验面向能量均衡目标展开,经过10个信息采集周期,ITRP模型相对确定性路由模型能量最低节点的能耗比为44%~86%,相对自适应多径传输模型能量最低节点的能耗比为63%~86%;而且,ITRP模型只需较小的标签代价,实验环境中报文的平均标签长度不超过5比特.展开更多
In wireless sensor networks, topology control plays an important role for data forwarding efficiency in the data gathering applications. In this paper, we present a novel topology control and data forwarding mechanism...In wireless sensor networks, topology control plays an important role for data forwarding efficiency in the data gathering applications. In this paper, we present a novel topology control and data forwarding mechanism called REMUDA, which is designed for a practical indoor parking lot management system. REMUDA forms a tree-based hierarchical network topology which brings as many nodes as possible to be leaf nodes and constructs a virtual cluster structure. Meanwhile, it takes the reliability, stability and path length into account in the tree construction process. Through an experiment in a network of 30 real sensor nodes, we evaluate the performance of REMUDA and compare it with LEPS which is also a practical routing protocol in TinyOS. Experiment results show that REMUDA can achieve better performance than LEPS.展开更多
在IPv6物联网中,RPL路由模型已得到广泛的认可.然而对于规模较大的多跳网络结构,RPL面临着部分转发节点路由容量较大的问题.而且物联子网中扁平化的地址结构使得这一问题更为突出.设计了支持IPv6地址自动分配的轻量级树型转发模型TFAD(t...在IPv6物联网中,RPL路由模型已得到广泛的认可.然而对于规模较大的多跳网络结构,RPL面临着部分转发节点路由容量较大的问题.而且物联子网中扁平化的地址结构使得这一问题更为突出.设计了支持IPv6地址自动分配的轻量级树型转发模型TFAD(tree forwarding model with address automatically distributed),将物联子网中的节点构造成一棵层次转发树,树节点的IPv6地址在子树范围内高度聚合.各节点只需存储与其子节点数相当的转发项,即可完成TFAD模型的数据转发.此外,设计了TFAD模型的备份父节点机制,当网络出现故障时能够以子树为单位进行网络拓扑重构,实现物联子网的快速路由恢复.实验验证了TFAD模型的高效路由存储性能以及快速的路由学习能力和故障后路由恢复能力.展开更多
文摘计算能力弱、存储容量小是普通物联网节点的典型特征,复杂的部署环境和不稳定的无线链路又会导致物联网网络状态频繁变化.所以,物联网中固定的传输路径无法提供高效的感知及数据传输服务.例如典型的树型路由结构中,靠近树根的节点要提供的传输任务较重,能量消耗更快,会导致整个网络部署周期变短.本文提出了一种路径可实时定义的物联网传输模型(IoT Transmission Model with Real-time Path Definition,ITRP),物联子网中所有节点将邻接关系上报给网关设备,由性能占优的有源供电网关设备来定义网络的实时路由树.网关向物联子网节点发送报文时会携带转发标签,后续转发节点只需根据标签完成报文传输,并根据上一跳信息建立其到网关的反向传输路径.ITRP模型可围绕特定的网络服务目标(节能、传输安全、带宽保障等)收集相关网络状态信息,并周期性调整路由拓扑,实现物联网传输服务的优化.实验面向能量均衡目标展开,经过10个信息采集周期,ITRP模型相对确定性路由模型能量最低节点的能耗比为44%~86%,相对自适应多径传输模型能量最低节点的能耗比为63%~86%;而且,ITRP模型只需较小的标签代价,实验环境中报文的平均标签长度不超过5比特.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of P. R. China (60673178) National Basic Research Program of P.R. China (2006 CB 303000)
文摘In wireless sensor networks, topology control plays an important role for data forwarding efficiency in the data gathering applications. In this paper, we present a novel topology control and data forwarding mechanism called REMUDA, which is designed for a practical indoor parking lot management system. REMUDA forms a tree-based hierarchical network topology which brings as many nodes as possible to be leaf nodes and constructs a virtual cluster structure. Meanwhile, it takes the reliability, stability and path length into account in the tree construction process. Through an experiment in a network of 30 real sensor nodes, we evaluate the performance of REMUDA and compare it with LEPS which is also a practical routing protocol in TinyOS. Experiment results show that REMUDA can achieve better performance than LEPS.
文摘在IPv6物联网中,RPL路由模型已得到广泛的认可.然而对于规模较大的多跳网络结构,RPL面临着部分转发节点路由容量较大的问题.而且物联子网中扁平化的地址结构使得这一问题更为突出.设计了支持IPv6地址自动分配的轻量级树型转发模型TFAD(tree forwarding model with address automatically distributed),将物联子网中的节点构造成一棵层次转发树,树节点的IPv6地址在子树范围内高度聚合.各节点只需存储与其子节点数相当的转发项,即可完成TFAD模型的数据转发.此外,设计了TFAD模型的备份父节点机制,当网络出现故障时能够以子树为单位进行网络拓扑重构,实现物联子网的快速路由恢复.实验验证了TFAD模型的高效路由存储性能以及快速的路由学习能力和故障后路由恢复能力.
