Ⅰ. An analysis of the development trend of the economy in the north,middle aud south coastal regions or China since China began to implementreform and open
In this paper, according to the rule of unbalanced sediment transport and the analysis of field data, different water diversion schemes were theoretically studied, including the erosion and sedimentation trend as well...In this paper, according to the rule of unbalanced sediment transport and the analysis of field data, different water diversion schemes were theoretically studied, including the erosion and sedimentation trend as well as their impacts on the environment of the middle and lower reaches of the Hanjiang River. The results showed that the 95×10 8m 3 water diversion scheme will cause less erosion and water level decrease than the 15×10 8m 3 water diversion scheme. Using a water diversion scheme of 95×10 8m 3, the decrease of water quantity can impact the river hydrodynamic regime substantially and the environments of the middle and lower reaches of the Hanjiang River will be greatly affected. It is therefore necessary to develop new water resources or build projects to meet the need of the environment and the needs for navigation.展开更多
According to the analysis on the characteristics of historic earthquakes in Jiangsu Province and South Huanghai Sea region, the historical earthquakes in the studied area are divided into two kinds of comparatively sa...According to the analysis on the characteristics of historic earthquakes in Jiangsu Province and South Huanghai Sea region, the historical earthquakes in the studied area are divided into two kinds of comparatively safe class and comparatively dangerous class. Then the statistical result of earthquake class, the characteristics of geo-graphical distribution and geological structures are studied. The study shows: a) In Jiangsu Province and South Huanghai Sea region, the majority of historical strong earthquakes belong to comparatively safe class, only 13.8% belong to comparatively dangerous class; b) Most historical earthquakes belong to comparatively safe class in the land area of Jiangsu, eastern sea area of Yangtze River mouth and northern depression of South Huanghai Sea region. However, along the coast of middle Jiangsu Province and in the sea area of South Huanghai Sea, the distribution of historical earthquake classes is complex and the earthquake series of comparatively dan-gerous class and comparatively safe class are equivalent in number; c) In the studied area, the statistical results of historical earthquake classes and the characteristics of spatial distribution accord very well with the real case of present-day earthquake series. It shows that the seismic activity in the region has the characteristic of succession, and the result from this study can be used as a reference for early postseismic judgment in the earthquake emer-gency work in Jiangsu Province.展开更多
We assembled approximately 328 seismic records. The data set was from 4 digitally recording long-period and broadband stations of CDSN. We carried out the inversion based on the partitioned waveform inversion (PWI). I...We assembled approximately 328 seismic records. The data set was from 4 digitally recording long-period and broadband stations of CDSN. We carried out the inversion based on the partitioned waveform inversion (PWI). It partitions the large-scale optimization problem into a number of independent small-scale problems. We adopted surface waveform inversion with an equal block (2((2() discretization in order to acquire the images of shear velocity structure at different depths (from surface to 430 km) in the crust and upper-mantle. The resolution of all these anomalies has been established with (check-board( resolution tests. These results show significant difference in velocity, lithosphere and asthenosphere structure between South China Sea and its adjacent regions.展开更多
There were more expounding to north—west (west) trend fault and north\|east trend fault within Qiangtang Basin, North Part of Tibet, in the past literature. With increasing of geophysical exploration data, nearly eas...There were more expounding to north—west (west) trend fault and north\|east trend fault within Qiangtang Basin, North Part of Tibet, in the past literature. With increasing of geophysical exploration data, nearly east\|west trend structure began to be taken note to. Since the year of 1995, by a synthetic study to geophysical and geological data, that south\|north trend faulted structures are well developed. These structures should be paid much more attention to, because they have important theoretical meaning and practical significance.1 Spreading of south\|north faulted structure belt According to different geological and geophysical data, the six larger scale nearly south\|north faulted structure belt could be distinguished within the scope of east longitude 84°～96° and near Qiangtang Basin. The actual location of the six belts are nearly located in the west of the six meridian of east longitude 85°,87°,89°,91°,93°,95° or located near these meridian. The six south\|north faulted structure belts spread in the same interval with near 2° longitude interval. The more clear and much more significance of south\|north trend faulted structure belts are the two S—N trend faulted structure belts of east longitude 87° and 89°. There are S—N trend faulted structure belts in the west of east longitude 83°,81°, or near the longitudes. The structure belts spreading features,manifestation,geological function and its importance, and inter texture and structure are not exactly so same. The structure belts all different degree caused different region of geological structure or gravity field and magnetic field. There is different scale near S—N trend faulted structure belt between the belts.展开更多
North of the study area in lower Swat, the rocks have been found to have undergone multiple deformations with at least four periods of folding during a single Paleogene metamorphism (DiPietro and Lawrence, 1991). The ...North of the study area in lower Swat, the rocks have been found to have undergone multiple deformations with at least four periods of folding during a single Paleogene metamorphism (DiPietro and Lawrence, 1991). The earliest folds are composite W—SW vergent, syn\|metamorphic F 1/F 2 folds associated with the formation of the regional foliation. Late\|metamorphic, N—S trending open upright F 3 folds are associated with local foliation development, and E—W trending open F 4 folds are associated with retrograde metamorphism. These interfere with each other to produce dome/basin structures.展开更多
The main canal of the Middle Route Project of South-to-North Water Transfer totals more than 1 240 km in length. In Henan Province and Hebei Province, there will be a section of more than 120 km passing through an exp...The main canal of the Middle Route Project of South-to-North Water Transfer totals more than 1 240 km in length. In Henan Province and Hebei Province, there will be a section of more than 120 km passing through an expansive soils area. Expansive soils is a special kind of tenacious clay, which swells when meeting with water and shrinks when losing water. With complicated mechanical properties, it changes with the variation of water content. As a result, expansive soils become the key object of study on unsaturated soils mechanics for the project. From the status of study on unsaturated soils at home and abroad, this paper covers an analysis on stability analysis method of expansive soils slope, determination of expansive soils strength, rational design of canal slope ratio and support, and forecast of landslide for the Middle Route Project of South-to-North Water Transfer.展开更多
The factors influencing the water supply price of a hydraulic project include natural conditions and economic policies. This paper thoroughly demonstrates the water price of South-to-North Water Transfer Project from ...The factors influencing the water supply price of a hydraulic project include natural conditions and economic policies. This paper thoroughly demonstrates the water price of South-to-North Water Transfer Project from the viewpoint of economic policies. It is considered that if the project is assigned as a profitable one and built depending on commercial loan from bank completely or mostly, the water price will be too high to be undertaken by users,and if the project places the public good at first while considering the economic benefit, its investment mainly relies on the state (national or local governments) appropriation and self-raised funds and a little from the bank loan on favorable terms, the price determined according to the principle of satisfying the cost and reasonable profit will be relatively lower and can be undertaken by the users in the North China where water shortage is serious. The problem of higher water price of agricultural irrigation to the north of the Yellow River can be tackled by taking measures such as "compensating agriculture by industry" according to foreign practical experiences and relevant suggestions.展开更多
本文以李四光硕士论文(1918)和在此基础上发表的《中国地势变迁小史》(1922)文章为主要背景,总结李四光20世纪20~30年代在中国南北方地质对比方面提出的主要观点。研究认为,李四光早期应用传统地质学“比较学研究法”对中国古地势和构...本文以李四光硕士论文(1918)和在此基础上发表的《中国地势变迁小史》(1922)文章为主要背景,总结李四光20世纪20~30年代在中国南北方地质对比方面提出的主要观点。研究认为,李四光早期应用传统地质学“比较学研究法”对中国古地势和构造古地理方面的研究大致包含以下思想:中国地质对比的“南北差异论”、中国地层旋回对比的“北简南繁论”、中国“南北大陆的跷跷板运动观”、“西北复杂性”论断及北方地质的“东西差异论”、华北及陕西地区“大域切割(改造)论”与“大域(建造)相联一贯论”、“四川古陆说”、“川—湖—下扬子构造沉积区”等思想要素,同时还提出南北方存在“南北两大气候区”论断,潜在的“中国北方古气候一体论”等观点。文章进一步阐述李四光中国南北方地质对比观在中国地质学学科史方面的意义。研究发现,李四光的成果早于Grabau的著作,是早期中国学者在中国地质研究及构造古地理方面的重要成就,在中国主要构造单位划分方面的“单元五分”思想为黄汲清《中国主要地质构造单位》的产生做出了先导性储备;李四光所提的“南方大陆”概念早于Grabau“华夏古陆”概念。中国地质的构造单元划分经过Willis and Blackwelder、李四光、Grabau、黄汲清的研究而逐渐清晰起来。李四光在中国地质南北对比中还提出了“多岛海”概念,“多岛海”的提出早于许靖华和潘桂棠的著作。李四光将前述差异性放在统一的欧亚非大陆群体系之下,深化了Suess的“古地中海”概念,并将“古地中海”划分为“北部(带)”和“南部(带)”,被后世发展为“古亚洲洋构造域”和“特提斯构造域”。李四光是中国最早进行气候分区和古生物分区的第一人,也是系统论述中国构造古地理的第一位华人学者,并建立了中国较为系统的构造古地理框架。展开更多
文摘Ⅰ. An analysis of the development trend of the economy in the north,middle aud south coastal regions or China since China began to implementreform and open
文摘In this paper, according to the rule of unbalanced sediment transport and the analysis of field data, different water diversion schemes were theoretically studied, including the erosion and sedimentation trend as well as their impacts on the environment of the middle and lower reaches of the Hanjiang River. The results showed that the 95×10 8m 3 water diversion scheme will cause less erosion and water level decrease than the 15×10 8m 3 water diversion scheme. Using a water diversion scheme of 95×10 8m 3, the decrease of water quantity can impact the river hydrodynamic regime substantially and the environments of the middle and lower reaches of the Hanjiang River will be greatly affected. It is therefore necessary to develop new water resources or build projects to meet the need of the environment and the needs for navigation.
基金Scientific and Technological Project of Social Development of Jiangsu Province (BS2002068).
文摘According to the analysis on the characteristics of historic earthquakes in Jiangsu Province and South Huanghai Sea region, the historical earthquakes in the studied area are divided into two kinds of comparatively safe class and comparatively dangerous class. Then the statistical result of earthquake class, the characteristics of geo-graphical distribution and geological structures are studied. The study shows: a) In Jiangsu Province and South Huanghai Sea region, the majority of historical strong earthquakes belong to comparatively safe class, only 13.8% belong to comparatively dangerous class; b) Most historical earthquakes belong to comparatively safe class in the land area of Jiangsu, eastern sea area of Yangtze River mouth and northern depression of South Huanghai Sea region. However, along the coast of middle Jiangsu Province and in the sea area of South Huanghai Sea, the distribution of historical earthquake classes is complex and the earthquake series of comparatively dan-gerous class and comparatively safe class are equivalent in number; c) In the studied area, the statistical results of historical earthquake classes and the characteristics of spatial distribution accord very well with the real case of present-day earthquake series. It shows that the seismic activity in the region has the characteristic of succession, and the result from this study can be used as a reference for early postseismic judgment in the earthquake emer-gency work in Jiangsu Province.
基金State Natural Scientific Foundation (49734150) and National High Performance Computation Foundation.
文摘We assembled approximately 328 seismic records. The data set was from 4 digitally recording long-period and broadband stations of CDSN. We carried out the inversion based on the partitioned waveform inversion (PWI). It partitions the large-scale optimization problem into a number of independent small-scale problems. We adopted surface waveform inversion with an equal block (2((2() discretization in order to acquire the images of shear velocity structure at different depths (from surface to 430 km) in the crust and upper-mantle. The resolution of all these anomalies has been established with (check-board( resolution tests. These results show significant difference in velocity, lithosphere and asthenosphere structure between South China Sea and its adjacent regions.
文摘There were more expounding to north—west (west) trend fault and north\|east trend fault within Qiangtang Basin, North Part of Tibet, in the past literature. With increasing of geophysical exploration data, nearly east\|west trend structure began to be taken note to. Since the year of 1995, by a synthetic study to geophysical and geological data, that south\|north trend faulted structures are well developed. These structures should be paid much more attention to, because they have important theoretical meaning and practical significance.1 Spreading of south\|north faulted structure belt According to different geological and geophysical data, the six larger scale nearly south\|north faulted structure belt could be distinguished within the scope of east longitude 84°～96° and near Qiangtang Basin. The actual location of the six belts are nearly located in the west of the six meridian of east longitude 85°,87°,89°,91°,93°,95° or located near these meridian. The six south\|north faulted structure belts spread in the same interval with near 2° longitude interval. The more clear and much more significance of south\|north trend faulted structure belts are the two S—N trend faulted structure belts of east longitude 87° and 89°. There are S—N trend faulted structure belts in the west of east longitude 83°,81°, or near the longitudes. The structure belts spreading features,manifestation,geological function and its importance, and inter texture and structure are not exactly so same. The structure belts all different degree caused different region of geological structure or gravity field and magnetic field. There is different scale near S—N trend faulted structure belt between the belts.
文摘North of the study area in lower Swat, the rocks have been found to have undergone multiple deformations with at least four periods of folding during a single Paleogene metamorphism (DiPietro and Lawrence, 1991). The earliest folds are composite W—SW vergent, syn\|metamorphic F 1/F 2 folds associated with the formation of the regional foliation. Late\|metamorphic, N—S trending open upright F 3 folds are associated with local foliation development, and E—W trending open F 4 folds are associated with retrograde metamorphism. These interfere with each other to produce dome/basin structures.
文摘The main canal of the Middle Route Project of South-to-North Water Transfer totals more than 1 240 km in length. In Henan Province and Hebei Province, there will be a section of more than 120 km passing through an expansive soils area. Expansive soils is a special kind of tenacious clay, which swells when meeting with water and shrinks when losing water. With complicated mechanical properties, it changes with the variation of water content. As a result, expansive soils become the key object of study on unsaturated soils mechanics for the project. From the status of study on unsaturated soils at home and abroad, this paper covers an analysis on stability analysis method of expansive soils slope, determination of expansive soils strength, rational design of canal slope ratio and support, and forecast of landslide for the Middle Route Project of South-to-North Water Transfer.
文摘The factors influencing the water supply price of a hydraulic project include natural conditions and economic policies. This paper thoroughly demonstrates the water price of South-to-North Water Transfer Project from the viewpoint of economic policies. It is considered that if the project is assigned as a profitable one and built depending on commercial loan from bank completely or mostly, the water price will be too high to be undertaken by users,and if the project places the public good at first while considering the economic benefit, its investment mainly relies on the state (national or local governments) appropriation and self-raised funds and a little from the bank loan on favorable terms, the price determined according to the principle of satisfying the cost and reasonable profit will be relatively lower and can be undertaken by the users in the North China where water shortage is serious. The problem of higher water price of agricultural irrigation to the north of the Yellow River can be tackled by taking measures such as "compensating agriculture by industry" according to foreign practical experiences and relevant suggestions.
文摘本文以李四光硕士论文(1918)和在此基础上发表的《中国地势变迁小史》(1922)文章为主要背景,总结李四光20世纪20~30年代在中国南北方地质对比方面提出的主要观点。研究认为,李四光早期应用传统地质学“比较学研究法”对中国古地势和构造古地理方面的研究大致包含以下思想:中国地质对比的“南北差异论”、中国地层旋回对比的“北简南繁论”、中国“南北大陆的跷跷板运动观”、“西北复杂性”论断及北方地质的“东西差异论”、华北及陕西地区“大域切割(改造)论”与“大域(建造)相联一贯论”、“四川古陆说”、“川—湖—下扬子构造沉积区”等思想要素,同时还提出南北方存在“南北两大气候区”论断,潜在的“中国北方古气候一体论”等观点。文章进一步阐述李四光中国南北方地质对比观在中国地质学学科史方面的意义。研究发现,李四光的成果早于Grabau的著作,是早期中国学者在中国地质研究及构造古地理方面的重要成就,在中国主要构造单位划分方面的“单元五分”思想为黄汲清《中国主要地质构造单位》的产生做出了先导性储备;李四光所提的“南方大陆”概念早于Grabau“华夏古陆”概念。中国地质的构造单元划分经过Willis and Blackwelder、李四光、Grabau、黄汲清的研究而逐渐清晰起来。李四光在中国地质南北对比中还提出了“多岛海”概念,“多岛海”的提出早于许靖华和潘桂棠的著作。李四光将前述差异性放在统一的欧亚非大陆群体系之下,深化了Suess的“古地中海”概念,并将“古地中海”划分为“北部(带)”和“南部(带)”,被后世发展为“古亚洲洋构造域”和“特提斯构造域”。李四光是中国最早进行气候分区和古生物分区的第一人,也是系统论述中国构造古地理的第一位华人学者,并建立了中国较为系统的构造古地理框架。
