This paper introduces the conception of open complex giant system and the methodology for dealing with the system, with stress on its profound significance in development of science and technology. The authors conclud...This paper introduces the conception of open complex giant system and the methodology for dealing with the system, with stress on its profound significance in development of science and technology. The authors conclude that the reductionism underlying the exact science is not suitable to open complex giant system, and the only feasible alternative is the meta-synthetic engineering from the qualitative to the quantitative.展开更多
近年来全球地质工程学科的发展取得了一系列的进步,文献计量分析可以定量化地分析地质工程领域的科研产出和发展趋势,为中国未来地质工程的研究提供参考。本文利用Web of Science(Wo S)数据库中的核心合集,在2018年5月7日检索近10 a来(2...近年来全球地质工程学科的发展取得了一系列的进步,文献计量分析可以定量化地分析地质工程领域的科研产出和发展趋势,为中国未来地质工程的研究提供参考。本文利用Web of Science(Wo S)数据库中的核心合集,在2018年5月7日检索近10 a来(2008~2017)有关地质工程的期刊研究论文,并采用VOSviewer软件对获取的27 025篇文献信息进行分析。结果表明:(1)过去10 a间期刊论文数量迅速增长,中国是地质工程研究最活跃的国家,且与其他国家的合作相对更多。(2)标题和摘要中的高频术语显示近10 a来地质工程总体的研究范围保持不变,且在逐步拓宽研究领域。(3)地质工程研究发文量前10的机构中,来自中国的研究机构有5个,且与全球其他机构合作最多。在13位高发文作者中,一共有7位研究者来自中国。中国的Ng C W W和加拿大的Rowe R K发文量位居第一,但是中国科研机构和中国研究者的h-index相对较低。(4)期刊Engineering Geology的总发文量最多,为1860篇;截止统计日期,影响因子最高的期刊为Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering,影响因子为2.905。本文首次采用文献计量手段分析地质工程的研究进展以及科学交流情况,以期为中国未来地质工程学科的发展提供参考。展开更多
为直观和系统地了解微塑料在环境领域的研究进展和发展趋势,利用HistCite引文图谱分析软件和VOSviewer可视化分析软件为分析工具,对Web of Science核心合集数据库检索库中1998—2020年收录的以microplastic和nanoplastic为主题的2623篇...为直观和系统地了解微塑料在环境领域的研究进展和发展趋势,利用HistCite引文图谱分析软件和VOSviewer可视化分析软件为分析工具,对Web of Science核心合集数据库检索库中1998—2020年收录的以microplastic和nanoplastic为主题的2623篇文献进行文献计量分析。结果显示,1998—2014年我国甚至全球微塑料发文量相对平缓,2014—2020年发文量呈快速增长趋势。发文量排名前三的研究机构均来自于我国,其中中国科学院发文量占研究机构发文总量的21.83%,体现了我国学者对微塑料在环境领域的广泛关注。作者排名TOP 10表中,有7名作者来自英国,期刊TOP 10排名表中有一半的期刊也来源于英国,因此在一定程度上反映了英国对微塑料在环境领域的研究具有较大的影响力。发文量前4的期刊包括Marine Pollution Bulletin、Environmental Pollution、Science of The Total Environment、Environmental Science&Technology。除microplastics外,该领域的高频关键词还包括marineenvironment、pollution、plastic debris、ingestion、accumulation、sediments、particles、sea。由此可见,国内外研究人员对微塑料在环境领域的研究主要集中于水体或海洋生态系统。展开更多
Elaborate and precise replicas taken from real fossils are used for academic researches in place of originals. They are often exhibited in museums in order to avoid demolition of the fragile originals.Replicas not onl...Elaborate and precise replicas taken from real fossils are used for academic researches in place of originals. They are often exhibited in museums in order to avoid demolition of the fragile originals.Replicas not only increase the number of specimens but also expand the chances for people to get direct observation of scientifically valuable materials.Up to now。展开更多
This paper deals with the Self-Increasing-Difficulty system (SIDIS) separated from general systems, with emphasis on the relevant methodology based on the Spiral Combining Propulsion Principle (SPIPRO principle in sho...This paper deals with the Self-Increasing-Difficulty system (SIDIS) separated from general systems, with emphasis on the relevant methodology based on the Spiral Combining Propulsion Principle (SPIPRO principle in short). The system feature and its causative factors are analysed, and the implications and mechanism of the SPIPRO principle are discussed. Finally, the application possibilities of this methodology are illustrated with some examples.展开更多
In the last decade and more, systems engineering and systems sciencehave been rapidly developed and applied in China. Scientists and ex-perts involved have achieved remarkable successes both in developingtheories of s...In the last decade and more, systems engineering and systems sciencehave been rapidly developed and applied in China. Scientists and ex-perts involved have achieved remarkable successes both in developingtheories of systems science and in promoting applications of systemsengineering. In theories, they not only have advanced a clear and com-展开更多
Light screen velocity measuring method with unique advantages has been widely used in the velocity measurement of various moving bodies.For large air resistance and friction force which the big moving bodies are subje...Light screen velocity measuring method with unique advantages has been widely used in the velocity measurement of various moving bodies.For large air resistance and friction force which the big moving bodies are subjected to during the light screen velocity measuring,the principle of velocity correction was proposed and a velocity correction equation was derived.A light screen velocity measuring method was used to measure the velocity of big moving bodies which have complex velocity attenuation,and the better results were gained in practical tests.The measuring uncertainty after the velocity correction was calculated.展开更多
文摘This paper introduces the conception of open complex giant system and the methodology for dealing with the system, with stress on its profound significance in development of science and technology. The authors conclude that the reductionism underlying the exact science is not suitable to open complex giant system, and the only feasible alternative is the meta-synthetic engineering from the qualitative to the quantitative.
文摘近年来全球地质工程学科的发展取得了一系列的进步,文献计量分析可以定量化地分析地质工程领域的科研产出和发展趋势,为中国未来地质工程的研究提供参考。本文利用Web of Science(Wo S)数据库中的核心合集,在2018年5月7日检索近10 a来(2008~2017)有关地质工程的期刊研究论文,并采用VOSviewer软件对获取的27 025篇文献信息进行分析。结果表明:(1)过去10 a间期刊论文数量迅速增长,中国是地质工程研究最活跃的国家,且与其他国家的合作相对更多。(2)标题和摘要中的高频术语显示近10 a来地质工程总体的研究范围保持不变,且在逐步拓宽研究领域。(3)地质工程研究发文量前10的机构中,来自中国的研究机构有5个,且与全球其他机构合作最多。在13位高发文作者中,一共有7位研究者来自中国。中国的Ng C W W和加拿大的Rowe R K发文量位居第一,但是中国科研机构和中国研究者的h-index相对较低。(4)期刊Engineering Geology的总发文量最多,为1860篇;截止统计日期,影响因子最高的期刊为Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering,影响因子为2.905。本文首次采用文献计量手段分析地质工程的研究进展以及科学交流情况,以期为中国未来地质工程学科的发展提供参考。
文摘为直观和系统地了解微塑料在环境领域的研究进展和发展趋势,利用HistCite引文图谱分析软件和VOSviewer可视化分析软件为分析工具,对Web of Science核心合集数据库检索库中1998—2020年收录的以microplastic和nanoplastic为主题的2623篇文献进行文献计量分析。结果显示,1998—2014年我国甚至全球微塑料发文量相对平缓,2014—2020年发文量呈快速增长趋势。发文量排名前三的研究机构均来自于我国,其中中国科学院发文量占研究机构发文总量的21.83%,体现了我国学者对微塑料在环境领域的广泛关注。作者排名TOP 10表中,有7名作者来自英国,期刊TOP 10排名表中有一半的期刊也来源于英国,因此在一定程度上反映了英国对微塑料在环境领域的研究具有较大的影响力。发文量前4的期刊包括Marine Pollution Bulletin、Environmental Pollution、Science of The Total Environment、Environmental Science&Technology。除microplastics外,该领域的高频关键词还包括marineenvironment、pollution、plastic debris、ingestion、accumulation、sediments、particles、sea。由此可见,国内外研究人员对微塑料在环境领域的研究主要集中于水体或海洋生态系统。
文摘Elaborate and precise replicas taken from real fossils are used for academic researches in place of originals. They are often exhibited in museums in order to avoid demolition of the fragile originals.Replicas not only increase the number of specimens but also expand the chances for people to get direct observation of scientifically valuable materials.Up to now。
文摘This paper deals with the Self-Increasing-Difficulty system (SIDIS) separated from general systems, with emphasis on the relevant methodology based on the Spiral Combining Propulsion Principle (SPIPRO principle in short). The system feature and its causative factors are analysed, and the implications and mechanism of the SPIPRO principle are discussed. Finally, the application possibilities of this methodology are illustrated with some examples.
文摘In the last decade and more, systems engineering and systems sciencehave been rapidly developed and applied in China. Scientists and ex-perts involved have achieved remarkable successes both in developingtheories of systems science and in promoting applications of systemsengineering. In theories, they not only have advanced a clear and com-
文摘Light screen velocity measuring method with unique advantages has been widely used in the velocity measurement of various moving bodies.For large air resistance and friction force which the big moving bodies are subjected to during the light screen velocity measuring,the principle of velocity correction was proposed and a velocity correction equation was derived.A light screen velocity measuring method was used to measure the velocity of big moving bodies which have complex velocity attenuation,and the better results were gained in practical tests.The measuring uncertainty after the velocity correction was calculated.
