The development of metal oxides with specific facet exposure for better catalytic performance in targeted applications has been well-documented.However,the understanding of surface structure-activity correlation is s...The development of metal oxides with specific facet exposure for better catalytic performance in targeted applications has been well-documented.However,the understanding of surface structure-activity correlation is severely hindered by the current poor resolution of conventional surface characterization tools.In this mini-review,some of the latest research developments on the characterization of the surface structure and properties of faceted ZnO and TiO_(2)by probe-assisted nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy(NMR)are discussed.展开更多
针对核磁共振探测(SNMR:Surface Nuclear Magnetic Resonance)信号因受尖峰噪声干扰严重而导致其衰减形态被破坏的问题,提出了基于标准差中位数的尖峰噪声筛选剔除方法。通过对重复采集的数据进行阈值设定,准确识别并剔除信号中混入的...针对核磁共振探测(SNMR:Surface Nuclear Magnetic Resonance)信号因受尖峰噪声干扰严重而导致其衰减形态被破坏的问题,提出了基于标准差中位数的尖峰噪声筛选剔除方法。通过对重复采集的数据进行阈值设定,准确识别并剔除信号中混入的随机性强、幅值高的尖峰干扰。仿真实测结果表明,该方法能有效去除大于信号幅值10倍的多处尖峰噪声,同时能较好地还原真实信号的衰减形态。展开更多
Tight oil resources are abundant in the world.It is very important to strengthen the research on the development theory and technology of tight oil reservoirs for ensuring national energy security.Natural gas huff-n-p...Tight oil resources are abundant in the world.It is very important to strengthen the research on the development theory and technology of tight oil reservoirs for ensuring national energy security.Natural gas huff-n-puff can effectively improve the oil recovery of tight oil reservoirs.However,the pore-scale oil production characteristics and the mechanisms of natural gas huff-n-puff in matrix-fracture cores are poorly understood.The influence degree of important factors on oil recovery is not clear and the interactions between factors are rarely considered.In this paper,the oil production characteristics and mechanisms of natural gas huff-n-puff in tight cores with different fracture lengths were quantitatively analyzed by combining nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)with numerical simulation technology.The influencing factors and their interactions were evaluated by the response surface method(RSM).The results show that tight cores mainly consist of medium pores(0.1–1μm)and small pores(0.01–0.1μm).The fracture mainly increases the proportion of macro-pores(1–10μm)and medium pores.In the natural gas huff-n-puff process,crude oil from macro-pores(1–10μm)and medium pores is mainly developed,and the contribution percentage of crude oil in medium pores to oil recovery is the largest,up to 98.28%.The position of gas–oil contact(GOC)moves deeper as the number of huff-n-puff cycles increases.The contents of CH_(4) and CO_(2) in the oil phase remain at a high level within the GOC,while between the GOC and the component sweep front,the contents of CH_(4) and CO_(2) in the oil phase decrease with the increase in dimensionless distance.The gas component sweep volume is increasing with the increase in fracture length.Moreover,the injected natural gas mainly extracts C_(3)–C_(10) components from crude oil.The reduction law of crude oil viscosity is consistent with the migration laws of CH_(4) components along the path.Compared with soaking time and gas diffusion coefficient,the injection pressure is the most significant factor underlying the recovery of natural gas huff-n-puff in tight cores.Besides the influence of single-factor,the interaction effects of gas injection pressure and diffusion also should be considered to determine the huff-n-puff parameters in the field implementation of natural gas huff-n-puff in tight reservoirs after fracturing.展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21902138)the Natural Science Fund of Guangdong Province(2021A1515010064)+1 种基金the Hong Kong Research Grants Council(21301719,11300020,and 11305721)Chow Sang Sang Group Research Fund(9229063)sponsored by Chow Sang Sang Holdings International Limited for funding support.
文摘The development of metal oxides with specific facet exposure for better catalytic performance in targeted applications has been well-documented.However,the understanding of surface structure-activity correlation is severely hindered by the current poor resolution of conventional surface characterization tools.In this mini-review,some of the latest research developments on the characterization of the surface structure and properties of faceted ZnO and TiO_(2)by probe-assisted nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy(NMR)are discussed.
文摘针对核磁共振探测(SNMR:Surface Nuclear Magnetic Resonance)信号因受尖峰噪声干扰严重而导致其衰减形态被破坏的问题,提出了基于标准差中位数的尖峰噪声筛选剔除方法。通过对重复采集的数据进行阈值设定,准确识别并剔除信号中混入的随机性强、幅值高的尖峰干扰。仿真实测结果表明,该方法能有效去除大于信号幅值10倍的多处尖峰噪声,同时能较好地还原真实信号的衰减形态。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.U22B6004,51974341,51904324)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.20CX06070A)the Science and Technology Support Plan for Youth Innovation of University in Shandong Province(Grant No.2019KJH002).
文摘Tight oil resources are abundant in the world.It is very important to strengthen the research on the development theory and technology of tight oil reservoirs for ensuring national energy security.Natural gas huff-n-puff can effectively improve the oil recovery of tight oil reservoirs.However,the pore-scale oil production characteristics and the mechanisms of natural gas huff-n-puff in matrix-fracture cores are poorly understood.The influence degree of important factors on oil recovery is not clear and the interactions between factors are rarely considered.In this paper,the oil production characteristics and mechanisms of natural gas huff-n-puff in tight cores with different fracture lengths were quantitatively analyzed by combining nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)with numerical simulation technology.The influencing factors and their interactions were evaluated by the response surface method(RSM).The results show that tight cores mainly consist of medium pores(0.1–1μm)and small pores(0.01–0.1μm).The fracture mainly increases the proportion of macro-pores(1–10μm)and medium pores.In the natural gas huff-n-puff process,crude oil from macro-pores(1–10μm)and medium pores is mainly developed,and the contribution percentage of crude oil in medium pores to oil recovery is the largest,up to 98.28%.The position of gas–oil contact(GOC)moves deeper as the number of huff-n-puff cycles increases.The contents of CH_(4) and CO_(2) in the oil phase remain at a high level within the GOC,while between the GOC and the component sweep front,the contents of CH_(4) and CO_(2) in the oil phase decrease with the increase in dimensionless distance.The gas component sweep volume is increasing with the increase in fracture length.Moreover,the injected natural gas mainly extracts C_(3)–C_(10) components from crude oil.The reduction law of crude oil viscosity is consistent with the migration laws of CH_(4) components along the path.Compared with soaking time and gas diffusion coefficient,the injection pressure is the most significant factor underlying the recovery of natural gas huff-n-puff in tight cores.Besides the influence of single-factor,the interaction effects of gas injection pressure and diffusion also should be considered to determine the huff-n-puff parameters in the field implementation of natural gas huff-n-puff in tight reservoirs after fracturing.
