The electricity-hydrogen integrated energy system(EH-IES)enables synergistic operation of electricity,heat,and hydrogen subsystems,supporting renewable energy integration and efficient multi-energy utilization in futu...The electricity-hydrogen integrated energy system(EH-IES)enables synergistic operation of electricity,heat,and hydrogen subsystems,supporting renewable energy integration and efficient multi-energy utilization in future low carbon societies.However,uncertainties from renewable energy and load variability threaten system safety and economy.Conventional chance-constrained programming(CCP)ensures reliable operation by limiting risk.However,increasing source-load uncertainties that can render CCP models infeasible and exacerbate operational risks.To address this,this paper proposes a risk-adjustable chance-constrained goal programming(RACCGP)model,integrating CCP and goal programming to balance risk and cost based on system risk assessment.An intelligent nonlinear goal programming method based on the state transition algorithm(STA)is developed,along with an improved discretized step transformation,to handle model nonlinearity and enhance computational efficiency.Experimental results show that the proposed model reduces costs while controlling risk compared to traditional CCP,and the solution method outperforms average sample sampling in efficiency and solution quality.展开更多
The multiple attribute decision making problems are studied, in which the information about attribute weights is partly known and the attribute values take the form of intuitionistic fuzzy numbers. The operational law...The multiple attribute decision making problems are studied, in which the information about attribute weights is partly known and the attribute values take the form of intuitionistic fuzzy numbers. The operational laws of intuitionistic fuzzy numbers are introduced, and the score function and accuracy function are presented to compare the intuitionistic fuzzy numbers. The intuitionistic fuzzy ordered weighted averaging （IFOWA） operator which is an extension of the well-known ordered weighted averaging （OWA） operator is investigated to aggregate the intuitionistic fuzzy information. In order to determine the weights of intuitionistic fuzzy ordered weighted averaging operator, a linear goal programming procedure is proposed for learning the weights from data. Finally, an example is illustrated to verify the effectiveness and practicability of the developed method.展开更多
Eight F<sub>1</sub>-hybrid cultivars of broccoli were studied.We obtained cell division,celled colonies and p-calli in 5 cultivars,roots and shoots regeneration in one cultivar.The leavesof propagated plan...Eight F<sub>1</sub>-hybrid cultivars of broccoli were studied.We obtained cell division,celled colonies and p-calli in 5 cultivars,roots and shoots regeneration in one cultivar.The leavesof propagated plantlets in vitro were cut into 1—2mm pieces,isolated with an enzyme solutioncontaining 2% cellulase and 1%macerase on a rotary shaker（50 rpm,21℃,3h,2500 lux light）,and purified with a 0.5M sucrose solution.The purified protoplasts were placed on a drop of 1%agarose.2—3 ml liquid medium was added around the agarose drops,and all of the cultures wereincubated at 25℃ under light（4000 lux）for 16 hours.3—5 days after isolation the cell divisionwas found.About 7 days after incubation 4 multicellular colonies were formed.After 3—5 wksome p-calli were developed.When the p-calli were 2—3 mm in diameter it was transferred to asolidified medium.Once they were developed to 1 cm in diameter they were transferred on a re-generation medium.About 5 months after incubation some roots and shoots grown from the calliwere展开更多
Background:Manual topping is a routine agronomic practice for balancing the vegetative and reproductive growth of cotton(Gossypium hirsutum)in China,but its cost-effectiveness has decreased over time.Therefore,there i...Background:Manual topping is a routine agronomic practice for balancing the vegetative and reproductive growth of cotton(Gossypium hirsutum)in China,but its cost-effectiveness has decreased over time.Therefore,there is an urgent need to replace manual topping with new approaches,such as biological topping.In this study,we examined the function of Gh REV transcription factors(a classⅢhomeodomain-leucine zipper family,HD-ZIPⅢ)in regulating the development of shoot apical meristem(SAM)in cotton with the purpose of providing candidate genes for biological topping of cotton in the future.Results:We cloned four orthologous genes of At REV in cotton,namely Gh REV1,Gh REV2,Gh REV3,and Gh REV4.All the Gh REVs expressed in roots,stem,leaves,and SAM.Compared with Gh REV1 and Gh REV3,the expression level of Gh REV2 and Gh REV4 was higher in the SAM.However,only Gh REV2 had transcriptional activity.Gh REV2 is localized in the nucleus;and silencing it via virus-induced gene silencing(VIGS)produced an abnormal SAM.Two key genes,Gh WUSA10 and Gh STM,which involved in regulating the development of plant SAM,showed about 50%reduction in their transcripts in VIGS-Gh REV2 plants.Conclusion:Gh REV2 positively regulates the development of cotton SAM by regulating Gh WUSA10 and Gh STM potentially.展开更多
The orchards usually have rough terrain,dense tree canopy and weeds.It is hard to use GNSS for autonomous navigation in orchard due to signal occlusion,multipath effect,and radio frequency interference.To achieve auto...The orchards usually have rough terrain,dense tree canopy and weeds.It is hard to use GNSS for autonomous navigation in orchard due to signal occlusion,multipath effect,and radio frequency interference.To achieve autonomous navigation in orchard,a visual navigation method based on multiple images at different shooting angles is proposed in this paper.A dynamic image capturing device is designed for camera installation and multiple images can be shot at different angles.Firstly,the obtained orchard images are classified into sky and soil detection stage.Each image is transformed to HSV space and initially segmented into sky,canopy and soil regions by median filtering and morphological processing.Secondly,the sky and soil regions are extracted by the maximum connected region algorithm,and the region edges are detected and filtered by the Canny operator.Thirdly,the navigation line in the current frame is extracted by fitting the region coordinate points.Then the dynamic weighted filtering algorithm is used to extract the navigation line for the soil and sky detection stage,respectively,and the navigation line for the sky detection stage is mirrored to the soil region.Finally,the Kalman filter algorithm is used to fuse and extract the final navigation path.The test results on 200 images show that the accuracy of visual navigation path fitting is 95.5%,and single frame image processing costs 60 ms,which meets the real-time and robustness requirements of navigation.The visual navigation experiments in Camellia oleifera orchard show that when the driving speed is 0.6 m/s,the maximum tracking offset of visual navigation in weed-free and weedy environments is 0.14 m and 0.24 m,respectively,and the RMSE is 30 mm and 55 mm,respectively.展开更多
Symplectic scheme-shooting method (SSSM) is applied to solve the energy eigenvalues of anharmonic oscillators characterized by the potentials V(x)=λx 4 and V(x)=(1/2)x 2+λx 2α with α=2,3,4 and doubly anharmonic os...Symplectic scheme-shooting method (SSSM) is applied to solve the energy eigenvalues of anharmonic oscillators characterized by the potentials V(x)=λx 4 and V(x)=(1/2)x 2+λx 2α with α=2,3,4 and doubly anharmonic oscillators characterized by the potentials V(x)=(1/2)x 2+λ 1x 4 +λ 2x 6, and a high order symplectic scheme tailored to the "time"-dependent Hamiltonian function is presented. The numerical results illustrate that the energy eigenvalues of anharmonic oscillators with the symplectic scheme-shooting method are in good agreement with the numerical accurate ones obtained from the non-perturbative method by using an appropriately scaled basis for the expansion of each eigenfunction; and the energy eigenvalues of doubly anharmonic oscillators with the sympolectic scheme-shooting method are in good agreement with the exact ones and are better than the results obtained from the four-term asymptotic series. Therefore, the symplectic scheme-shooting method, which is very simple and is easy to grasp, is a good numerical algorithm.展开更多
This paper,by using the theory of Seven Building Tasks to analyze the Prose The Great Goal2 which was ever analyzed from the perspective of theme and rheme structure,aims to demonstrate the application of the new theo...This paper,by using the theory of Seven Building Tasks to analyze the Prose The Great Goal2 which was ever analyzed from the perspective of theme and rheme structure,aims to demonstrate the application of the new theory Severn Building Tasks to analyzing an essay,and thus provide a fresh theory and approach for English learners to analyze prose and learn the English language.展开更多
Background:Cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L.)is often grown in locations characterized by high atmospheric evaporative demand.It has been hypothesized that plants which resist hydraulic flow under this condition will limit...Background:Cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L.)is often grown in locations characterized by high atmospheric evaporative demand.It has been hypothesized that plants which resist hydraulic flow under this condition will limit water use and conserve soil water.Therefore,in a series of controlled environment experiments ten cotton cultivars were exposed to two different temperature and vapor pressure deficit(VPD)conditions(i.e.,38℃,>3 kPa and 32℃,1∼1.5 kPa)as well as a progressive soil drying.Then,individual differences in shoot hydraulic conductance(K_(shoot))was measured using a hydraulic conductance flow meter(HCFM).Physiological parameters were reported included leaf area,dry leaf weight,stomatal conductance(g_(s)),and water use efficiency coefficient(WUE_(k)).Results:Differences were observed in K_(shoot) among cultivars under the 38℃,>3 kPa but not the 32℃,1∼1.5 kPa environment.Under the 38℃,>3 kPa environment,correlations were found between K_(shoot),stomatal conductance(gs),VPD breakpoint,WUEk,total leaf area,dry leaf weight,fraction transpirable soil water(FTSW)threshold,and slope of TR decline after FTSW threshold.Conclusion:Results show that the ability of some cotton cultivars to restrict water loss under high evaporative demand through early stomatal closure is associated with the cultivars’K_(shoot).The K_(shoot) is influential in the limitation of TR trait under high temperature and VPD.展开更多
Most language teachers will agree that motivation of the students is one of the most important factors influencing their success or failure in language learning. Corder’s phrase, “ Given motivation, anyone can learn...Most language teachers will agree that motivation of the students is one of the most important factors influencing their success or failure in language learning. Corder’s phrase, “ Given motivation, anyone can learn a language" brings out the importance of motivation and the way it can overcome unfavourable circumstances in other aspects of language learning. There have been overwhelming researches & literature on this area. However, the definition and study of motivation have not been without problem. This paper starts with a brief historical review on psychological approaches underlying motivational research, followed by the remarkable motivation theories. The third part is concerned with SL/FL motivation, which attempts to relate the findings on motivation with situation of China.展开更多
Climate change is becoming a serious issue nowadays.There are profound environmental,economic and political implications of global warming. Ecosystems,from mountains to oceans and from the poles to the tropics,are und...Climate change is becoming a serious issue nowadays.There are profound environmental,economic and political implications of global warming. Ecosystems,from mountains to oceans and from the poles to the tropics,are undergoing rapid change.The cost will be borne by all,but especially by the展开更多
The production of atificial seeds by encapsulating microtubers of potato included a series of processes. Initially, the micropropagation of adventitious buds and microtuber - inducing system should be established. Bot...The production of atificial seeds by encapsulating microtubers of potato included a series of processes. Initially, the micropropagation of adventitious buds and microtuber - inducing system should be established. Both high quality microtuber and synchronizing microtuber which have the same size were necessary for producing health potato artificial seeds. In our experiment, the optimum medium of adventitious shoot-inducing of potato Hutao, Kesi, and Favorita is DCR + 1.0 mg / kg BA+ 0.5 mg / kg IBA+ 500 mg/ kg LH; the optium medium of microtuber- inducing of Hutao and Kesi is DCR+5.0 mg/ kg BA+200 mg/ kg Lh+8% sugar, and the optium medium of microtuber -inducing of Favorita is DCR+ 5.0 mg/ kg BA+0.1 mg / kg NAA+200 mg/ kg LH+8% sugar. Microtubers of the same size were gained by selecting the synchronous microtubers. 2.0% sodium alginate was used to encapsulate the microtubers of potato to form the artificial seeds, and the concentration of Ca C12 is 4%. Phytohormone NAA promoted the germination of potato artificial seeds. These artificial seeds have more than 90% germinating frequency in plant hormone-free DCR medium.展开更多
基金Project(2022YFC2904502)supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of ChinaProject(62273357)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China。
文摘The electricity-hydrogen integrated energy system(EH-IES)enables synergistic operation of electricity,heat,and hydrogen subsystems,supporting renewable energy integration and efficient multi-energy utilization in future low carbon societies.However,uncertainties from renewable energy and load variability threaten system safety and economy.Conventional chance-constrained programming(CCP)ensures reliable operation by limiting risk.However,increasing source-load uncertainties that can render CCP models infeasible and exacerbate operational risks.To address this,this paper proposes a risk-adjustable chance-constrained goal programming(RACCGP)model,integrating CCP and goal programming to balance risk and cost based on system risk assessment.An intelligent nonlinear goal programming method based on the state transition algorithm(STA)is developed,along with an improved discretized step transformation,to handle model nonlinearity and enhance computational efficiency.Experimental results show that the proposed model reduces costs while controlling risk compared to traditional CCP,and the solution method outperforms average sample sampling in efficiency and solution quality.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (70771025)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of Hohai University (2009B04514)Humanities and Social Sciences Foundations of Ministry of Education of China(10YJA630067)
文摘The multiple attribute decision making problems are studied, in which the information about attribute weights is partly known and the attribute values take the form of intuitionistic fuzzy numbers. The operational laws of intuitionistic fuzzy numbers are introduced, and the score function and accuracy function are presented to compare the intuitionistic fuzzy numbers. The intuitionistic fuzzy ordered weighted averaging （IFOWA） operator which is an extension of the well-known ordered weighted averaging （OWA） operator is investigated to aggregate the intuitionistic fuzzy information. In order to determine the weights of intuitionistic fuzzy ordered weighted averaging operator, a linear goal programming procedure is proposed for learning the weights from data. Finally, an example is illustrated to verify the effectiveness and practicability of the developed method.
文摘Eight F<sub>1</sub>-hybrid cultivars of broccoli were studied.We obtained cell division,celled colonies and p-calli in 5 cultivars,roots and shoots regeneration in one cultivar.The leavesof propagated plantlets in vitro were cut into 1—2mm pieces,isolated with an enzyme solutioncontaining 2% cellulase and 1%macerase on a rotary shaker（50 rpm,21℃,3h,2500 lux light）,and purified with a 0.5M sucrose solution.The purified protoplasts were placed on a drop of 1%agarose.2—3 ml liquid medium was added around the agarose drops,and all of the cultures wereincubated at 25℃ under light（4000 lux）for 16 hours.3—5 days after isolation the cell divisionwas found.About 7 days after incubation 4 multicellular colonies were formed.After 3—5 wksome p-calli were developed.When the p-calli were 2—3 mm in diameter it was transferred to asolidified medium.Once they were developed to 1 cm in diameter they were transferred on a re-generation medium.About 5 months after incubation some roots and shoots grown from the calliwere
基金supported by The National Natural Science Foundation of China(31571588)。
文摘Background:Manual topping is a routine agronomic practice for balancing the vegetative and reproductive growth of cotton(Gossypium hirsutum)in China,but its cost-effectiveness has decreased over time.Therefore,there is an urgent need to replace manual topping with new approaches,such as biological topping.In this study,we examined the function of Gh REV transcription factors(a classⅢhomeodomain-leucine zipper family,HD-ZIPⅢ)in regulating the development of shoot apical meristem(SAM)in cotton with the purpose of providing candidate genes for biological topping of cotton in the future.Results:We cloned four orthologous genes of At REV in cotton,namely Gh REV1,Gh REV2,Gh REV3,and Gh REV4.All the Gh REVs expressed in roots,stem,leaves,and SAM.Compared with Gh REV1 and Gh REV3,the expression level of Gh REV2 and Gh REV4 was higher in the SAM.However,only Gh REV2 had transcriptional activity.Gh REV2 is localized in the nucleus;and silencing it via virus-induced gene silencing(VIGS)produced an abnormal SAM.Two key genes,Gh WUSA10 and Gh STM,which involved in regulating the development of plant SAM,showed about 50%reduction in their transcripts in VIGS-Gh REV2 plants.Conclusion:Gh REV2 positively regulates the development of cotton SAM by regulating Gh WUSA10 and Gh STM potentially.
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFD2202103)National Natural Science Foundation of China(31971798)+2 种基金Zhejiang Provincial Key Research&Development Plan(2023C02049、2023C02053)SNJF Science and Technology Collaborative Program of Zhejiang Province(2022SNJF017)Hangzhou Agricultural and Social Development Research Project(202203A03)。
文摘The orchards usually have rough terrain,dense tree canopy and weeds.It is hard to use GNSS for autonomous navigation in orchard due to signal occlusion,multipath effect,and radio frequency interference.To achieve autonomous navigation in orchard,a visual navigation method based on multiple images at different shooting angles is proposed in this paper.A dynamic image capturing device is designed for camera installation and multiple images can be shot at different angles.Firstly,the obtained orchard images are classified into sky and soil detection stage.Each image is transformed to HSV space and initially segmented into sky,canopy and soil regions by median filtering and morphological processing.Secondly,the sky and soil regions are extracted by the maximum connected region algorithm,and the region edges are detected and filtered by the Canny operator.Thirdly,the navigation line in the current frame is extracted by fitting the region coordinate points.Then the dynamic weighted filtering algorithm is used to extract the navigation line for the soil and sky detection stage,respectively,and the navigation line for the sky detection stage is mirrored to the soil region.Finally,the Kalman filter algorithm is used to fuse and extract the final navigation path.The test results on 200 images show that the accuracy of visual navigation path fitting is 95.5%,and single frame image processing costs 60 ms,which meets the real-time and robustness requirements of navigation.The visual navigation experiments in Camellia oleifera orchard show that when the driving speed is 0.6 m/s,the maximum tracking offset of visual navigation in weed-free and weedy environments is 0.14 m and 0.24 m,respectively,and the RMSE is 30 mm and 55 mm,respectively.
文摘Symplectic scheme-shooting method (SSSM) is applied to solve the energy eigenvalues of anharmonic oscillators characterized by the potentials V(x)=λx 4 and V(x)=(1/2)x 2+λx 2α with α=2,3,4 and doubly anharmonic oscillators characterized by the potentials V(x)=(1/2)x 2+λ 1x 4 +λ 2x 6, and a high order symplectic scheme tailored to the "time"-dependent Hamiltonian function is presented. The numerical results illustrate that the energy eigenvalues of anharmonic oscillators with the symplectic scheme-shooting method are in good agreement with the numerical accurate ones obtained from the non-perturbative method by using an appropriately scaled basis for the expansion of each eigenfunction; and the energy eigenvalues of doubly anharmonic oscillators with the sympolectic scheme-shooting method are in good agreement with the exact ones and are better than the results obtained from the four-term asymptotic series. Therefore, the symplectic scheme-shooting method, which is very simple and is easy to grasp, is a good numerical algorithm.
基金by-product of the provincial funding project:Empirical Study of Raising Postgraduates' Creative Thinking Ability黔教研合JG字(2015)003
文摘This paper,by using the theory of Seven Building Tasks to analyze the Prose The Great Goal2 which was ever analyzed from the perspective of theme and rheme structure,aims to demonstrate the application of the new theory Severn Building Tasks to analyzing an essay,and thus provide a fresh theory and approach for English learners to analyze prose and learn the English language.
文摘Background:Cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L.)is often grown in locations characterized by high atmospheric evaporative demand.It has been hypothesized that plants which resist hydraulic flow under this condition will limit water use and conserve soil water.Therefore,in a series of controlled environment experiments ten cotton cultivars were exposed to two different temperature and vapor pressure deficit(VPD)conditions(i.e.,38℃,>3 kPa and 32℃,1∼1.5 kPa)as well as a progressive soil drying.Then,individual differences in shoot hydraulic conductance(K_(shoot))was measured using a hydraulic conductance flow meter(HCFM).Physiological parameters were reported included leaf area,dry leaf weight,stomatal conductance(g_(s)),and water use efficiency coefficient(WUE_(k)).Results:Differences were observed in K_(shoot) among cultivars under the 38℃,>3 kPa but not the 32℃,1∼1.5 kPa environment.Under the 38℃,>3 kPa environment,correlations were found between K_(shoot),stomatal conductance(gs),VPD breakpoint,WUEk,total leaf area,dry leaf weight,fraction transpirable soil water(FTSW)threshold,and slope of TR decline after FTSW threshold.Conclusion:Results show that the ability of some cotton cultivars to restrict water loss under high evaporative demand through early stomatal closure is associated with the cultivars’K_(shoot).The K_(shoot) is influential in the limitation of TR trait under high temperature and VPD.
文摘Most language teachers will agree that motivation of the students is one of the most important factors influencing their success or failure in language learning. Corder’s phrase, “ Given motivation, anyone can learn a language" brings out the importance of motivation and the way it can overcome unfavourable circumstances in other aspects of language learning. There have been overwhelming researches & literature on this area. However, the definition and study of motivation have not been without problem. This paper starts with a brief historical review on psychological approaches underlying motivational research, followed by the remarkable motivation theories. The third part is concerned with SL/FL motivation, which attempts to relate the findings on motivation with situation of China.
文摘Climate change is becoming a serious issue nowadays.There are profound environmental,economic and political implications of global warming. Ecosystems,from mountains to oceans and from the poles to the tropics,are undergoing rapid change.The cost will be borne by all,but especially by the
文摘The production of atificial seeds by encapsulating microtubers of potato included a series of processes. Initially, the micropropagation of adventitious buds and microtuber - inducing system should be established. Both high quality microtuber and synchronizing microtuber which have the same size were necessary for producing health potato artificial seeds. In our experiment, the optimum medium of adventitious shoot-inducing of potato Hutao, Kesi, and Favorita is DCR + 1.0 mg / kg BA+ 0.5 mg / kg IBA+ 500 mg/ kg LH; the optium medium of microtuber- inducing of Hutao and Kesi is DCR+5.0 mg/ kg BA+200 mg/ kg Lh+8% sugar, and the optium medium of microtuber -inducing of Favorita is DCR+ 5.0 mg/ kg BA+0.1 mg / kg NAA+200 mg/ kg LH+8% sugar. Microtubers of the same size were gained by selecting the synchronous microtubers. 2.0% sodium alginate was used to encapsulate the microtubers of potato to form the artificial seeds, and the concentration of Ca C12 is 4%. Phytohormone NAA promoted the germination of potato artificial seeds. These artificial seeds have more than 90% germinating frequency in plant hormone-free DCR medium.
