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Modification and experimental validation of the Forrestal-Warren perforation model for high hardness armor steel plates of intermediate thickness
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作者 Radovan Djurovic Predrag Elek +1 位作者 Milos Markovic Dejan Jevtic 《Defence Technology(防务技术)》 2025年第4期267-284,共18页
This paper proposes a modification of the Forrestal-Warren perforation model aimed at extending its applicability range to intermediately-thick high-hardness armor steel plates.When impacted by armorpiercing projectil... This paper proposes a modification of the Forrestal-Warren perforation model aimed at extending its applicability range to intermediately-thick high-hardness armor steel plates.When impacted by armorpiercing projectiles,these plates tend to fail through adiabatic shear plugging which significantly reduces their ballistic resistance.To address this effect,an approach for determining effective thickness was defined and incorporated into the predictive model.Ballistic impact tests were performed to assess the modification's validity,in which ARMOX 500T steel plates were subjected to perpendicular impacts from 7.62×39 mm steel-cored rounds under various velocities.Frequent target failure by soft plugging was observed,as well as the brittle shatter of the hard steel core.Key properties of the recovered plugs including their mass,length and diameter were measured and reported along with the projectiles'residual velocities.Additionally,independent data from the open literature were included in the analysis for further validation.The original Forrestal-Warren model and the novel effective thickness modification were then used to establish the relationship between impact and residual velocities,as well as to determine the ballistic limit velocity.The comparison revealed that the proposed approach significantly improves the model's accuracy,showing a strong correlation with experimental data and reducing deviations to within a few percent.This enhancement highlights the potential of the effective thickness term,which could also be applied to other predictive models to extend their applicability range.Further exploration into other armor steels and impact conditions is recommended to assess the method's versatility. 展开更多
关键词 Terminal ballistics Penetration mechanics Predictive model High hardness armor experimental investigation
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Experimental and numerical study on external explosions of cylindrical versus spherical charges at tunnel entrance
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作者 Dan Luo Jinsheng Hu +4 位作者 Anbao Wang Xiao Yu Mengmeng Zhang Meili Yao Chun Li 《Defence Technology(防务技术)》 2025年第4期227-243,共17页
Most of the existing studies on tunnel blast wave are based on spherical or grouped charges, however,conventional weapons are mostly cylindrical rather than spherical. In order to analyze the impact of cylindrical cha... Most of the existing studies on tunnel blast wave are based on spherical or grouped charges, however,conventional weapons are mostly cylindrical rather than spherical. In order to analyze the impact of cylindrical charges on the tunnel blast wave loads and to develop a quantitative calculation method, this study carried out experimental and numerical research. Initially, external explosion experiments were conducted using both 35 kg spherical charges and cylindrical charges with aspect ratio of 4.8 at two different distances from the tunnel entrance. Comparative analysis of the blast wave parameters in the tunnel revealed that the explosive equivalent of the cylindrical charges was significantly higher than that of the spherical charges. To address this, an equivalent coefficient κ based on the spherical charges was proposed for the cylindrical charges. Subsequently, numerical simulations were conducted for the experimental conditions, and the numerical simulation results match the experiments well. Through numerical calculations, the reliability of the equivalent coefficient κ under the experimental conditions was verified, and comparison analysis indicated that the explosion energy of cylindrical charges spreads more radially, resulting in more explosion energy entering the tunnel, which is the fundamental reason for the increase in tunnel blast wave loads. Additionally, analyzing the explosion energy ratio entering the tunnel is an effective method for calculating the equivalent coefficient κ. Finally, through more than one hundred sets of numerical calculation results, the impact of the proportional distance λ and the ratio of charge mass to the tunnel cross-section dimension φ on the equivalence coefficients κ was investigated. An empirical formula for the equivalence coefficient κ was derived through fitting, and the accuracy of the formula was validated through literature experimental results. The research findings of this paper will provide valuable guidance for the calculation of blast wave loads in tunnel. 展开更多
关键词 Cylindrical charges Tunnel blast wave Equivalent coefficient Empirical formula experiment and numerical simulation
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Experimental and numerical approach of afterburning effects in fuel-rich explosives within confined spaces
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作者 Hu Zhou Ange Lu +3 位作者 Cheng Zheng Yiwen Wang Xiangshao Kong Weiguo Wu 《Defence Technology(防务技术)》 2025年第9期67-79,共13页
The detonation of fuel-rich explosives yields combustible products that persistently burn upon mixing with ambient oxygen,releasing additional energy through a phenomenon known as the afterburning effect.This process ... The detonation of fuel-rich explosives yields combustible products that persistently burn upon mixing with ambient oxygen,releasing additional energy through a phenomenon known as the afterburning effect.This process greatly influences the evolution of confined blast loading and the subsequent structural response,which is crucial in confined blast scenarios.Given the complex nature of the reaction process,accurate analysis of the afterburning effect remains challenging.Previous studies have either overlooked the mechanisms of detonation product combustion or failed to provide experimental validation.This study introduces a three-dimensional model to effectively characterize the combustion of detonation products.The model integrates chemical reaction source terms into the governing equations to consider the combustion processes.Numerical simulations and experimental tests were conducted to analyze the combustion and energy release from the detonation products of fuel-rich explosives in confined spaces.Approximately 50%of the energy was released during the combustion of detonation products in a confined TNT explosion.Although the combustion of these products was much slower than the detonation process,it aligned with the dynamic response of the structure,which enhanced the explosive yield.Excluding afterburning from the analysis reduced the center-point deformation of the structure by 30%.Following the inclusion of afterburning,the simulated quasistatic pressure increased by approximately 45%.Subsequent comparisons highlighted the merits of the proposed approach over conventional methods.This approach eliminates the reliance on empirical parameters,such as the amount and rate of energy release during afterburning,thereby laying the foundation for understanding load evolution in more complex environments,such as ships,buildings,and underground tunnels. 展开更多
关键词 Blast loading Numerical simulation experimental study Fuel-rich explosives Confined space Afterburning model Reactive flow
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Adaptive Robust Servo Control for Vertical Electric Stabilization System of Tank and Experimental Validation 被引量:2
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作者 Darui Lin Xiuye Wang +1 位作者 Yimin Wang Guolai Yang 《Defence Technology(防务技术)》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第1期326-342,共17页
A tracking stability control problem for the vertical electric stabilization system of moving tank based on adaptive robust servo control is addressed.This paper mainly focuses on two types of possibly fast timevaryin... A tracking stability control problem for the vertical electric stabilization system of moving tank based on adaptive robust servo control is addressed.This paper mainly focuses on two types of possibly fast timevarying but bounded uncertainty within the vertical electric stabilization system:model parameter uncertainty and uncertain nonlinearity.First,the vertical electric stabilization system is constructed as an uncertain nonlinear dynamic system that can reflect the practical mechanics transfer process of the system.Second,the dynamical equation in the form of state space is established by designing the angular tracking error.Third,the comprehensive parameter of system uncertainty is designed to estimate the most conservative effects of uncertainty.Finally,an adaptive robust servo control which can effectively handle the combined effects of complex nonlinearity and uncertainty is proposed.The feasibility of the proposed control strategy under the practical physical condition is validated through the tests on the experimental platform.This paper pioneers the introduction of the internal nonlinearity and uncertainty of the vertical electric stabilization system into the settlement of the tracking stability control problem,and validates the advanced servo control strategy through experiment for the first time. 展开更多
关键词 Adaptive robust servo control experimental validation Nonlinearity compensation System uncertainty Vertical electric stabilization system
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Redox mechanism of geobattery and related electrical signals using a novel real-time self-potential monitoring experimental platform 被引量:2
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作者 XIE Jing CUI Yi-an +4 位作者 ZHANG Li-juan GUO You-jun CHEN Hang ZHANG Peng-fei LIU Jian-xin 《Journal of Central South University》 CSCD 2024年第11期4155-4173,共19页
Controlled laboratory experiments are proved to be a valuable tool for investigating changes in underground physical properties and the related response of surface geophysical signals.The self-potential(SP)method is w... Controlled laboratory experiments are proved to be a valuable tool for investigating changes in underground physical properties and the related response of surface geophysical signals.The self-potential(SP)method is widely used in mineral resource exploration due to its direct correlation with underground electrochemical gradients.This paper presented the design and construction of an experimental platform based on a multi-channel SP monitoring system.The proposed platform was used to monitor the anodizing corrosion process of different metal blocks from a laboratory perspective,record the real-time SP signal generated by the redox reaction,as well as investigate the geobattery mechanism associated with the natural polarization process of metal mineral resources.The experimental results demonstrate that the constructed SP monitoring platform effectively captures time-series SP signals and provides direct laboratory evidence for the geobattery model.The measured SP data were quantitatively interpreted using the simulated annealing algorithm,and the inversion results closely match the real model.This finding highlights the potential of the SP method as a promising tool for determining the location and spatial distribution of underground polarizers.The study holds reference value for the exploration and exploitation of mineral resources in both terrestrial and marine environments. 展开更多
关键词 SELF-POTENTIAL real-time monitoring laboratory experiment geobattery mechanism quantitative inversion
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An internal ballistic model of electromagnetic railgun based on PFN coupled with multi-physical field and experimental validation 被引量:1
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作者 Benfeng Gu Haiyuan Li Baoming Li 《Defence Technology(防务技术)》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第2期254-261,共8页
To accelerate the practicality of electromagnetic railguns,it is necessary to use a combination of threedimensional numerical simulation and experiments to study the mechanism of bore damage.In this paper,a three-dime... To accelerate the practicality of electromagnetic railguns,it is necessary to use a combination of threedimensional numerical simulation and experiments to study the mechanism of bore damage.In this paper,a three-dimensional numerical model of the augmented railgun with four parallel unconventional rails is introduced to simulate the internal ballistic process and realize the multi-physics field coupling calculation of the rail gun,and a test experiment of a medium-caliber electromagnetic launcher powered by pulse formation network(PFN)is carried out.Various test methods such as spectrometer,fiber grating and high-speed camera are used to test several parameters such as muzzle initial velocity,transient magnetic field strength and stress-strain of rail.Combining the simulation results and experimental data,the damage condition of the contact surface is analyzed. 展开更多
关键词 Internal ballistic modeling Electromagnetic rail gun Multi-physics field coupling experimental validation PFN
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Experimental studies and failure mechanisms of strain andfault-slip rockburst:A review
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作者 ZHANG Qing-he WEI Chun-xu +3 位作者 YUAN Liang LIANG Zhi-wei YANG Fa-wang WANG Xiao-rui 《Journal of Central South University》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第10期3741-3781,共41页
In recent years,rockburst have gained significant attention as a crucial topic in rock engineering.Strain andfault-slip rockburst are two common types that occur frequently and cause substantial damage.The objective o... In recent years,rockburst have gained significant attention as a crucial topic in rock engineering.Strain andfault-slip rockburst are two common types that occur frequently and cause substantial damage.The objective of thisreview is to conduct a comprehensive study on the experiments and failure mechanisms of strain and fault-slip rockburst.Firstly,the article analyzes the evolving trends in experimental research on rockburst in the past decade,highlightingmechanical properties and failure modes as the primary research focuses in understanding rockburst mechanisms.Subsequently,it provides an overview of the experimental techniques and methods employed for studying both types ofrockburst.Then,with a focus on the mechanical properties and failure modes,the article conducts an extensive analysisof the failure mechanisms associated with strain and fault-slip rockburst.By analyzing experimental data and observingthe failure characteristics of samples,it discusses the variations and common features exhibited by these two types ofrockburst under various test conditions.This analysis is of paramount importance in revealing the causes of rockburstformation and development,as well as in predicting rockburst trends and assessing associated risks.Lastly,thelimitations of current rockburst experiments and future research directions are discussed,followed by a comprehensivesummary of the entire article. 展开更多
关键词 strain rockburst fault-slip rockburst experimental techniques experimental methods failure mechanisms
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Mechanical heterogeneity characterization of coal materials based on nano-indentation experiments
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作者 ZHANG Qi LI Xiang-chun +3 位作者 LI Biao MENG Jun-qing NIE Bai-sheng LU Wei-dong 《Journal of Central South University》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第9期3142-3155,共14页
To investigate the complex macro-mechanical properties of coal from a micro-mechanical perspective,we have conducted a series of micro-mechanical experiments on coal using a nano-indentation instrument.These experimen... To investigate the complex macro-mechanical properties of coal from a micro-mechanical perspective,we have conducted a series of micro-mechanical experiments on coal using a nano-indentation instrument.These experiments were conducted under both dynamic and static loading conditions,allowing us to gather the micro-mechanical parameters of coal for further analysis of its micro-mechanical heterogeneity using the box counting statistical method and the Weibull model.The research findings indicate that the load–displacement curves of the coal mass under the two different loading modes exhibit noticeable discreteness.This can be attributed to the stress concentration phenomenon caused by variations in the mechanical properties of the micro-units during the loading process of the coal mass.Consequently,there are significant fluctuations in the micro-mechanical parameters of the coal mass.Moreover,the mechanical heterogeneity of the coal at the nanoscale was confirmed based on the calculation results of the standard deviation coefficient and Weibull modulus of the coal body’s micromechanical parameters.These results reveal the influence of microstructural defects and minerals on the uniformity of the stress field distribution within the loaded coal body,as well as on the ductility characteristics of the micro-defect structure.Furthermore,there is a pronounced heterogeneity in the micromechanical parameters.Furthermore,we have established a relationship between the macro and micro elastic modulus of coal by applying the Mori-Tanaka homogenization method.This relationship holds great significance for revealing the micro-mechanical failure mechanism of coal. 展开更多
关键词 nano-indentation experiment MICROMECHANICS heterogeneity characterization COAL
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Optimal Order-of-Addition Experiments under a Prior Constraint
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作者 ZHANG Yunzhi ZHANG Wenchao +1 位作者 WANG Xiaodi CHEN Xueping 《应用概率统计》 CSCD 北大核心 2024年第6期957-974,共18页
The order-of-addition experiments are widely used in many fields,including food and industrial production,but the relative research under prior constraints is limited.The purpose of this paper is to select an optimal ... The order-of-addition experiments are widely used in many fields,including food and industrial production,but the relative research under prior constraints is limited.The purpose of this paper is to select an optimal sequence under the restriction that component i is added before component j,while it is unachievable to compare all sequences when the number of components m is large.To achieve this,a constrained PWO model is first provided,and then the D-optimal designs for order-of addition experiments with minimal-points via the modified threshold accepting algorithm is established.The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated through a job scheduling problem with a prior constraint for teaching cases. 展开更多
关键词 design of experiment orthogonal array threshold acceptance algorithm teaching cases
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Ballistic limit velocity of small caliber projectiles against SS400 steel plates:Live fire experiments and empirical models
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作者 Jong-Hwan Kim Seungwon Baik +1 位作者 Jirui Fu Joon-Hyuk Park 《Defence Technology(防务技术)》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第11期22-34,共13页
This study presents the ballistic limit velocity of small caliber projectiles against SS400 steel plate derived from live-fire ballistic experiments. Four different small caliber projectiles were tested against SS400 ... This study presents the ballistic limit velocity of small caliber projectiles against SS400 steel plate derived from live-fire ballistic experiments. Four different small caliber projectiles were tested against SS400 steel plates of 9 mm, 10 mm, and 12 mm thicknesses. The ballistic limit velocity was calculated using two standard methods, MIL-STD-662F and NIJ-STD-0101.06, and additionally using a support vector machine algorithm. The results show a linear relationship between the plate thickness and ballistic limit velocity. Further, the relative penetration performance among five different small caliber projectiles was analyzed using the Penetration Performance Ratio(PPR) introduced in this study, which suggests the potential of PPR to predict the ballistic limit velocity of other untested materials and/or different projectiles. 展开更多
关键词 Live fire ballistic experiment SS400 Ballistic limit velocity Small caliber projectile
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Marine Predator Algorithm-based Sliding Mode Control of a Novel Motion Simulator for High Column Sloshing Experiments
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作者 DU Zun-feng CHEN Xiang-yu +2 位作者 BAI Hao ZHU Hai-ming HAN Mu-xuan 《船舶力学》 EI CSCD 北大核心 2024年第12期1835-1848,共14页
Sloshing experiment is crucial to determine the reaction performance of regeneration columns on an offshore floating platform.A novel type of column motion simulating device and a Marine Predator Algorithm-based Slidi... Sloshing experiment is crucial to determine the reaction performance of regeneration columns on an offshore floating platform.A novel type of column motion simulating device and a Marine Predator Algorithm-based Sliding Mode Controller(MPA-SMC)are proposed for such sloshing experiments.The simulator consists of a Stewart platform and a steel framework.The Stewart platform is located at the column's center of gravity(CoG)and supported by the steel framework.The platform's hydraulic servo system is controlled by a sliding mode controller with parameters optimized by MPA to improve robustness and precision.A numerical sloshing experiment is conducted using the proposed device and controller.The results show that the novel motion simulator has lower torque during the column sloshes,and the proposed controller performs better than a well-tuned PID controller in terms of target tracking precision and anti-interference capability. 展开更多
关键词 regeneration column sloshing experiment motion simulator Stewart platform sliding mode control marine predator algorithm
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基于虚拟现实技术的智能车数字化实验教学平台设计及应用 被引量:2
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作者 崔勇 宋一恒 +3 位作者 胡庆雷 李一民 郑建英 高晓辉 《实验室研究与探索》 北大核心 2025年第3期67-71,82,共6页
针对智能车项目在教学实践过程中硬件成本高、碰撞损耗大、场地占用大、学时有限等问题,采用CoppeliaSim、Matlab/Simulink和虚幻引擎构建具有高还原度与高自由度的智能车数字化实验教学平台与虚拟现实数字实验室,同时设计了智能车实验... 针对智能车项目在教学实践过程中硬件成本高、碰撞损耗大、场地占用大、学时有限等问题,采用CoppeliaSim、Matlab/Simulink和虚幻引擎构建具有高还原度与高自由度的智能车数字化实验教学平台与虚拟现实数字实验室,同时设计了智能车实验教学APP与配套实验课程。培养学生逐步掌握智能车的开发步骤与流程,采用引导式教学方法激发学生学习兴趣,培养学生知识应用及综合实践能力。数字化智能车实验教学平台打破传统智能车项目受设备与场地的限制,打造了更加高效的实验教学模式。 展开更多
关键词 智能车 虚拟仿真 虚拟现实 实验教学 数字实验室
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气泡动力学研究进展 被引量:1
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作者 张阿漫 李世民 +1 位作者 李帅 刘云龙 《力学学报》 北大核心 2025年第1期1-16,共16页
只要有流体的地方,就可能会产生气泡,气泡是气体在液体中一种常见的呈现形式,在自然界和工程界中广泛存在,在船舶与海洋、先进制造、环境与化工、生命科学和医学等许多领域均有重要应用价值,同时,在水中结构抗爆和空蚀等很多领域气泡也... 只要有流体的地方,就可能会产生气泡,气泡是气体在液体中一种常见的呈现形式,在自然界和工程界中广泛存在,在船舶与海洋、先进制造、环境与化工、生命科学和医学等许多领域均有重要应用价值,同时,在水中结构抗爆和空蚀等很多领域气泡也是导致危害产生的根源,因此,气泡动力学是诸多领域共同关心的基础科学问题.然而,由于气泡动力学行为的复杂性,涉及边界、多气泡、流场环境、流体可压缩性、黏性和表面张力等多物理因素和环境条件的显著影响,迄今为止,仍存在复杂条件下气泡动力学理论、气泡群相互作用、气液固耦合效应和气泡损伤及防护机制等难题亟待解决.为此,从气泡动力学的基本物理现象入手,深入剖析了该领域所面临的挑战,给出了存在的力学难题,综述了气泡动力学理论、数值和实验技术的研究进展与最新动态,通过对现有研究成果的系统梳理和详细分析,最后总结了气泡动力学领域未来发展趋势,并提出了潜在的研究方向和课题,旨在为气泡动力学相关研究提供基础和依据. 展开更多
关键词 气泡动力学 理论研究 数值模拟 实验技术
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科学之美牵引的大学物理实验教学设计与实践 被引量:1
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作者 陈峻 马乐君 +3 位作者 谢小柱 唐靓 朱道云 吴福根 《实验室研究与探索》 北大核心 2025年第3期118-123,共6页
针对传统大学物理实验教学中出现的学教模式陈旧、缺乏吸引力、挫败感强价值获得感低、个性化深度学习难满足等痛点问题,提出美育与数智化实验相融合的教学方案。通过“科学之美”的问题导向式教学,激发学生的好奇心,引导学生深入理解... 针对传统大学物理实验教学中出现的学教模式陈旧、缺乏吸引力、挫败感强价值获得感低、个性化深度学习难满足等痛点问题,提出美育与数智化实验相融合的教学方案。通过“科学之美”的问题导向式教学,激发学生的好奇心,引导学生深入理解实验原理和思想、掌握实验方法并探究实验问题;以实验操作中的“挫折教育”培养学生求真求实、敢于试错、勇于攀登的科学精神;依托数字化实验平台,开展“线上+线下”混合式实验教学,为学生进行科学探究、实验竞赛、大创项目数智化赋能,满足学生个性化学习需求;以“时点+成长”相结合的多维度过程性考核评价,科学反映学生成长成才情况,利于教学良性循环。该模式也是对“两性一度”人才培养目标的一次实践探索。 展开更多
关键词 大学物理实验 实验教学 科学之美 同伴教学法
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基于认知负荷理论的计算机组成原理实验教学设计与应用 被引量:1
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作者 杨磊 司国东 +3 位作者 王春桃 黄沛杰 肖克辉 杜治国 《实验室研究与探索》 北大核心 2025年第1期177-181,共5页
计算机组成原理实验教学能提高学生系统设计及应用创新能力,但因其实验原理抽象、知识点多,实验平台复杂等特点也让学生在实验过程中产生较高的认知负荷。为解决高认知负荷对实验教学造成的负面影响,基于认知负荷理论对实验进行教学设计... 计算机组成原理实验教学能提高学生系统设计及应用创新能力,但因其实验原理抽象、知识点多,实验平台复杂等特点也让学生在实验过程中产生较高的认知负荷。为解决高认知负荷对实验教学造成的负面影响,基于认知负荷理论对实验进行教学设计,分析学生学习需要因材施教控制学生内部认知负荷,优化实验教材设计及呈现方式降低学生外部认知负荷,激发学生学习兴趣以提高学生相关认知负荷,提升实验教学效果。教学实践表明,新型教学设计有效降低学生实验过程中的认知负荷总量,计算机系统设计及创新能力得到较高的提升。此方法也可为其他实验课程教学改革提供参考。 展开更多
关键词 计算机组成原理 认知负荷理论 实验教学 成效研究
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颈部按摩机器人设计及优化研究 被引量:1
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作者 吴锋锋 张社红 +1 位作者 徐艳 宁萌 《机械设计与制造》 北大核心 2025年第1期325-330,共6页
针对当前颈椎按摩的需求,基于中医按摩理论设计了一种颈部按摩机器人。首先基于仿生学进行机器人构型与尺度设计,使用Solidworks建立三维模型。为提高机器人的按摩性能,使用DH参数建立机器人的正、逆运动学模型,并通过数值算例验证理论... 针对当前颈椎按摩的需求,基于中医按摩理论设计了一种颈部按摩机器人。首先基于仿生学进行机器人构型与尺度设计,使用Solidworks建立三维模型。为提高机器人的按摩性能,使用DH参数建立机器人的正、逆运动学模型,并通过数值算例验证理论模型的准确性。其次建立机器人在捏拿及滚揉两种模式下的工作空间多目标函数,使用改进蚁群算法对机器人的连杆长度和轨迹方程进行优化,以增大按摩机器人的颈部按摩范围,提高不同人群对机器人不同按摩力度的适应性。最后通过原理样机的制作和实验平台的搭建对理论模型进行验证,并通过志愿者在一定时间按摩后的主观感受评价证明了机器人设计的合理性。 展开更多
关键词 颈部按摩 机器人 运动学 参数优化 实验研究
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基于机器学习的钢筋混凝土矩形柱破坏模式预测研究 被引量:1
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作者 张海 马小平 +2 位作者 苏三庆 王威 蔡玉军 《建筑科学与工程学报》 北大核心 2025年第2期48-57,共10页
针对传统分析方法识别效果差、数据依赖性强等问题,以既有试验数据为基础,建立矩形截面钢筋混凝土柱的数据库,应用K邻近、随机森林、支持向量机、梯度提升决策树、深度神经网络等机器学习算法,实现矩形柱破坏模式的有效识别与预测。借... 针对传统分析方法识别效果差、数据依赖性强等问题,以既有试验数据为基础,建立矩形截面钢筋混凝土柱的数据库,应用K邻近、随机森林、支持向量机、梯度提升决策树、深度神经网络等机器学习算法,实现矩形柱破坏模式的有效识别与预测。借助机器学习强大的自学习、自适应能力,精准预测钢筋混凝土矩形柱的破坏模式,并为震后结构的维修加固与损伤评估提供依据。结果表明:机器学习技术对弯曲破坏均有良好的识别效果,随机森林和梯度提升决策树算法的准确率和回归率均达到100%,可用于矩形柱弯曲破坏模式的精准预测;机器学习技术对于剪切破坏的识别效果差别不大,准确率均达66.67%,K邻近、支持向量机、梯度提升决策树的回归率最高,达到100%;对于弯剪破坏模式,随机森林和梯度提升决策树的准确率最高,达到83.33%,支持向量机的预测效果较差。 展开更多
关键词 钢筋混凝土 矩形截面柱 机器学习 破坏模式预测 试验数据
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植物学实验教学数字化转型的探索 被引量:1
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作者 李兵 罗佳雨 +3 位作者 胡原 田志夕 刘安玲 曾嘉慧 《实验室研究与探索》 北大核心 2025年第2期178-182,208,共6页
为解决野生兰科植物不能采集、野生生境难以到达、传粉过程不便观察的教学问题,利用“兰科植物传粉与保护虚拟仿真实验”国家一流课程、数字切片、MOOC等数字化资源,以“珍稀兰科植物濒危原因探究”为教学任务,设计植物学实验教学数字... 为解决野生兰科植物不能采集、野生生境难以到达、传粉过程不便观察的教学问题,利用“兰科植物传粉与保护虚拟仿真实验”国家一流课程、数字切片、MOOC等数字化资源,以“珍稀兰科植物濒危原因探究”为教学任务,设计植物学实验教学数字化转型方案,将数字化资源全面融入教学过程,开展沉浸、探究和自主式教学,通过赋分模型驱动过程性评价,形成以学生为中心、线上线下互通、虚拟实体结合的实验教学新模式。提出包含实验设施、教学资源、教学评价和教师数字素养等要素的系列数字化转型,以期形成植物学实验教学数字化转型的新方案。 展开更多
关键词 植物学 实验教学 数字化资源 虚拟仿真实验 数字化转型
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数字化转型赋能实验教学高质量发展:内涵、内在机理与实践路径 被引量:6
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作者 王后雄 马善恒 胡天娇 《中国电化教育》 北大核心 2025年第2期36-41,共6页
实验教学高质量发展是应对创新人才培养诉求的优选路径,是推动科学教育高质量发展必由之路,数字化转型赋能实验教学高质量发展是我国加快建设教育强国的重要举措。实验教学数字化转型具有深化探究实践、创设可视情境、促进方法外显、突... 实验教学高质量发展是应对创新人才培养诉求的优选路径,是推动科学教育高质量发展必由之路,数字化转型赋能实验教学高质量发展是我国加快建设教育强国的重要举措。实验教学数字化转型具有深化探究实践、创设可视情境、促进方法外显、突破学习场域、构建共享资源的内涵特征。数字化转型赋能实验教学高质量发展的内在机理主要为:发展新质生产力,重塑实验教学的生态体系;彰显人文指向,形成互惠共生的人机关系;指向未来教育,有效发挥数据的价值效能;体现主体意识,全面提升师生的数字素养。依据智能时代科学教育的创新趋势,必须通过构建数字化实验教学的课程体系、优化实验教学数字化的支持环境、打造数字化支持的科学实验教学样态、探索智能时代科学教师数字化培养模式、建立数字化实验质量评价全息性系统、推进数字化实验教学应用示范工程等实践路径,发挥数字技术在实验教学中的赋能作用。 展开更多
关键词 实验教学 数字化转型 高质量发展 实践路径
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面向I^(3)型卓越人才培养的嵌入式人工智能实验教学探索 被引量:4
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作者 陆玲霞 于淼 彭勇刚 《实验室研究与探索》 北大核心 2025年第1期85-90,共6页
为满足“人工智能(AI)+X”背景下对交叉型、复合型、创新型(I3型)卓越人才培养的迫切需求,针对现有嵌入式人工智能(AI)实验教学中存在实验平台资源有限、教学体系不够完善以及产教融合深度不足等问题,深入探索嵌入式AI实验教学新模式。... 为满足“人工智能(AI)+X”背景下对交叉型、复合型、创新型(I3型)卓越人才培养的迫切需求,针对现有嵌入式人工智能(AI)实验教学中存在实验平台资源有限、教学体系不够完善以及产教融合深度不足等问题,深入探索嵌入式AI实验教学新模式。建设灵活性强、接口资源丰富的嵌入式AI创新实验平台,构建交叉性强、多层递阶的实验教学体系,充分融入产教融合、科教融汇的实践创新案例。实践表明,所采取的改革举措有利于激发学生的创新潜能,提升学生创新思维与实践能力,为培养I^(3)型卓越人才提供有力支撑,也展现了良好的示范效应。 展开更多
关键词 嵌入式人工智能 实验教学改革 I^(3)型卓越人才 产教融合
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