In this study,the micro-failure process and failure mechanism of a typical brittle rock under uniaxial compression are investigated via continuous real-time measurement of wave velocities.The experimental results indi...In this study,the micro-failure process and failure mechanism of a typical brittle rock under uniaxial compression are investigated via continuous real-time measurement of wave velocities.The experimental results indicate that the evolutions of wave velocities became progressively anisotropic under uniaxial loading due to the direction-dependent development of micro-damage.A wave velocity model considering the inner anisotropic crack evolution is proposed to accurately describe the variations of wave velocities during uniaxial compression testing.Based on which,the effective elastic parameters are inferred by a transverse isotropic constitutive model,and the evolutions of the crack density are inversed using a self-consistent damage model.It is found that the propagation of axial cracks dominates the failure process of brittle rock under uniaxial loading and oblique shear cracks develop with the appearance of macrocrack.展开更多
Coordinated scheduling of multimode plays a pivotal role in the rapid gathering and dissipating of passengers in transport hubs. Based on the survey data, the whole-day reaching time distribution at transfer points of...Coordinated scheduling of multimode plays a pivotal role in the rapid gathering and dissipating of passengers in transport hubs. Based on the survey data, the whole-day reaching time distribution at transfer points of passengers from the dominant mode to the connecting mode was achieved. A GI/M K/1 bulk service queuing system was constituted by putting the passengers' reaching time distribution as the input and the connecting mode as the service institution. Through queuing theory, the relationship between average queuing length under steady-state and headway of the connecting mode was achieved. By putting the minimum total cost of system as optimization objective, the headway as decision variable, a coordinated scheduling model of multimode in intermodal transit hubs was established. At last, a dynamic scheduling strategy was generated to cope with the unexpected changes of the dominant mode. The instance analysis indicates that this model can significantly reduce passengers' queuing time by approximately 17% with no apparently increase in departure frequency, which provides a useful solution for the coordinated scheduling of different transport modes in hubs.展开更多
The remain passenger problem at subway station platform was defined initially,and the period variation of remain passenger queues at platform was investigated through arriving and boarding analyses.Taking remain passe...The remain passenger problem at subway station platform was defined initially,and the period variation of remain passenger queues at platform was investigated through arriving and boarding analyses.Taking remain passenger queues at platform as dynamic stochastic process,a new probabilistic queuing method was developed based on probabilistic theory and discrete time Markov chain theory.This model can calculate remain passenger queues while considering different directions.Considering the stable or variable train arriving period and different platform crossing types,a series of model deformation research was carried out.The probabilistic approach allows to capture the cyclic behavior of queues,measures the uncertainty of a queue state prediction by computing the evolution of its probability in time,and gives any temporal distribution of the arrivals.Compared with the actual data,the deviation of experimental results is less than 20%,which shows the efficiency of probabilistic approach clearly.展开更多
针对数据量剧增的配电物联网中存在的带宽利用率低和业务数据服务质量(quality of service,QoS)难以满足通信需求等问题,提出一种多优先级排队论的带宽分配方法。首先,对感知终端到边缘物联网关的业务数据传输过程进行改进,改进后的传...针对数据量剧增的配电物联网中存在的带宽利用率低和业务数据服务质量(quality of service,QoS)难以满足通信需求等问题,提出一种多优先级排队论的带宽分配方法。首先,对感知终端到边缘物联网关的业务数据传输过程进行改进,改进后的传输过程可根据不同业务数据对QoS的不同要求进行数据优先级的划分,对不同优先级数据设置不同的服务机制;然后,对业务数据传输中的马尔科夫过程进行分析,基于改进后的数据传输过程建立以带宽利用率为目标,丢包率和延时时间为约束的多优先级排队论带宽分配模型;并将所提出的带宽分配方法与传统方法进行对比。结果表明:QoS指标有所改善,而且带宽利用率比传统不分优先级带宽分配方法高9.73%,比弹性系数法高31.17%。最后,探究多优先级排队论带宽分配方法的动态性能,结果表明适当地提高带宽可以改善QoS指标,但要注意带宽增大时所带来的带宽利用率减小问题。合理的带宽分配可以避免资源的浪费。展开更多
基金Projects(41502283,41772309)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2017YFC1501302)supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of ChinaProject(2017ACA102)supported by the Major Program of Technological Innovation of Hubei Province,China。
文摘In this study,the micro-failure process and failure mechanism of a typical brittle rock under uniaxial compression are investigated via continuous real-time measurement of wave velocities.The experimental results indicate that the evolutions of wave velocities became progressively anisotropic under uniaxial loading due to the direction-dependent development of micro-damage.A wave velocity model considering the inner anisotropic crack evolution is proposed to accurately describe the variations of wave velocities during uniaxial compression testing.Based on which,the effective elastic parameters are inferred by a transverse isotropic constitutive model,and the evolutions of the crack density are inversed using a self-consistent damage model.It is found that the propagation of axial cracks dominates the failure process of brittle rock under uniaxial loading and oblique shear cracks develop with the appearance of macrocrack.
基金Projects(51278221,51378076)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘Coordinated scheduling of multimode plays a pivotal role in the rapid gathering and dissipating of passengers in transport hubs. Based on the survey data, the whole-day reaching time distribution at transfer points of passengers from the dominant mode to the connecting mode was achieved. A GI/M K/1 bulk service queuing system was constituted by putting the passengers' reaching time distribution as the input and the connecting mode as the service institution. Through queuing theory, the relationship between average queuing length under steady-state and headway of the connecting mode was achieved. By putting the minimum total cost of system as optimization objective, the headway as decision variable, a coordinated scheduling model of multimode in intermodal transit hubs was established. At last, a dynamic scheduling strategy was generated to cope with the unexpected changes of the dominant mode. The instance analysis indicates that this model can significantly reduce passengers' queuing time by approximately 17% with no apparently increase in departure frequency, which provides a useful solution for the coordinated scheduling of different transport modes in hubs.
基金Project(2011BAG01B01) supported by the Major State Basic Research and Development Program of ChinaProject(RCS2012ZZ002) supported by the State Key Lab of Rail Traffic Control and Safety,China
文摘The remain passenger problem at subway station platform was defined initially,and the period variation of remain passenger queues at platform was investigated through arriving and boarding analyses.Taking remain passenger queues at platform as dynamic stochastic process,a new probabilistic queuing method was developed based on probabilistic theory and discrete time Markov chain theory.This model can calculate remain passenger queues while considering different directions.Considering the stable or variable train arriving period and different platform crossing types,a series of model deformation research was carried out.The probabilistic approach allows to capture the cyclic behavior of queues,measures the uncertainty of a queue state prediction by computing the evolution of its probability in time,and gives any temporal distribution of the arrivals.Compared with the actual data,the deviation of experimental results is less than 20%,which shows the efficiency of probabilistic approach clearly.
文摘针对数据量剧增的配电物联网中存在的带宽利用率低和业务数据服务质量(quality of service,QoS)难以满足通信需求等问题,提出一种多优先级排队论的带宽分配方法。首先,对感知终端到边缘物联网关的业务数据传输过程进行改进,改进后的传输过程可根据不同业务数据对QoS的不同要求进行数据优先级的划分,对不同优先级数据设置不同的服务机制;然后,对业务数据传输中的马尔科夫过程进行分析,基于改进后的数据传输过程建立以带宽利用率为目标,丢包率和延时时间为约束的多优先级排队论带宽分配模型;并将所提出的带宽分配方法与传统方法进行对比。结果表明:QoS指标有所改善,而且带宽利用率比传统不分优先级带宽分配方法高9.73%,比弹性系数法高31.17%。最后,探究多优先级排队论带宽分配方法的动态性能,结果表明适当地提高带宽可以改善QoS指标,但要注意带宽增大时所带来的带宽利用率减小问题。合理的带宽分配可以避免资源的浪费。
