In this work,one-step growth models using hyperspectral imaging(HSI)(400-1000 nm)were successfully developed in order to estimate the microbial loads,minimum growth temperature(T_(min))and maximum specific growth rate...In this work,one-step growth models using hyperspectral imaging(HSI)(400-1000 nm)were successfully developed in order to estimate the microbial loads,minimum growth temperature(T_(min))and maximum specific growth rate(μ_(max))of Brochothrix thermosphacta in chilled beef at isothermal temperatures(4-25℃).Three different methods were compared for model development,particularly using(Model Ⅰ)the predicted microbial loads from partial least squares regression of the whole spectral variables;(Model Ⅱ)the selected spectral variables related to microbial loads;and(Model Ⅲ)the first principal scores of HSI spectra by principal component analysis.Consequently,Model Ⅰ showed the best ability to predict the microbial loads of B.thermosphacta,with the coefficient of determination(R_(v)^(2))and root mean square error in internal validation(RMSEV)of 0.921 and 0.498(lg(CFU/g)).The T_(min)(-12.32℃)andμmax can be well estimated with R^(2) and root mean square error(RMSE)of 0.971 and 0.276(lg(CFU/g)),respectively.The upward trend ofμmax with temperature was similar to that of the plate count method.HSI technique thus can be used as a simple method for one-step growth simulation of B.thermosphacta in chilled beef during storage.展开更多
Oxygen release and electrolyte decomposition under high voltage endlessly exacerbate interfacial ramifications and structu ral degradation of high energy-density Li-rich layered oxide(LLO),leading to voltage and capac...Oxygen release and electrolyte decomposition under high voltage endlessly exacerbate interfacial ramifications and structu ral degradation of high energy-density Li-rich layered oxide(LLO),leading to voltage and capacity fading.Herein,the dual-strategy of Cr,B complex coating and local gradient doping is simultaneously achieved on LLO surface by a one-step wet chemical reaction at room temperature.Density functional theory(DFT)calculations prove that stable B-O and Cr-O bonds through the local gradient doping can significantly reduce the high-energy O 2p states of interfacial lattice O,which is also effective for the near-surface lattice O,thus greatly stabilizing the LLO surface,Besides,differential electrochemical mass spectrometry(DEMS)indicates that the Cr_(x)B complex coating can adequately inhibit oxygen release and prevents the migration or dissolution of transition metal ions,including allowing speedy Li^(+)migration,The voltage and capacity fading of the modified cathode(LLO-C_(r)B)are adequately suppressed,which are benefited from the uniformly dense cathode electrolyte interface(CEI)composed of balanced organic/inorganic composition.Therefore,the specific capacity of LLO-CrB after 200 cycles at 1C is 209.3 mA h g^(-1)(with a retention rate of 95.1%).This dual-strategy through a one-step wet chemical reaction is expected to be applied in the design and development of other anionic redox cathode materials.展开更多
To address the problems of low accuracy by the CONWEP model and poor efficiency by the Coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian(CEL)method in predicting close-range air blast loads of cylindrical charges,a neural network-based sim...To address the problems of low accuracy by the CONWEP model and poor efficiency by the Coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian(CEL)method in predicting close-range air blast loads of cylindrical charges,a neural network-based simulation(NNS)method with higher accuracy and better efficiency was proposed.The NNS method consisted of three main steps.First,the parameters of blast loads,including the peak pressures and impulses of cylindrical charges with different aspect ratios(L/D)at different stand-off distances and incident angles were obtained by two-dimensional numerical simulations.Subsequently,incident shape factors of cylindrical charges with arbitrary aspect ratios were predicted by a neural network.Finally,reflected shape factors were derived and implemented into the subroutine of the ABAQUS code to modify the CONWEP model,including modifications of impulse and overpressure.The reliability of the proposed NNS method was verified by related experimental results.Remarkable accuracy improvement was acquired by the proposed NNS method compared with the unmodified CONWEP model.Moreover,huge efficiency superiority was obtained by the proposed NNS method compared with the CEL method.The proposed NNS method showed good accuracy when the scaled distance was greater than 0.2 m/kg^(1/3).It should be noted that there is no need to generate a new dataset again since the blast loads satisfy the similarity law,and the proposed NNS method can be directly used to simulate the blast loads generated by different cylindrical charges.The proposed NNS method with high efficiency and accuracy can be used as an effective method to analyze the dynamic response of structures under blast loads,and it has significant application prospects in designing protective structures.展开更多
Currently,the cranes used at sea do not have enough flexibility,efficiency,and safety.Thus,this study proposed a floating multirobot coordinated towing system to meet the demands for offshore towing.Because of the fle...Currently,the cranes used at sea do not have enough flexibility,efficiency,and safety.Thus,this study proposed a floating multirobot coordinated towing system to meet the demands for offshore towing.Because of the flexibility of rope-driven robots,the one-way pulling characteristics of the rope,and the floating characteristics of the base,towing robots are easily overturned.First,the spatial configuration of the towing system was established according to the towing task,and the kinematic model of the towing system was established using the coordinate transformation.Then,the dynamic model of the towing system was established according to the rigid-body dynamics and hydrodynamic theory.Finally,the stability of the towing system was analyzed using the stability cone method.The simulation experiments provide a reference for the practical application of the floating multirobot coordinated towing system,which can improve the stability of towing systems by changing the configuration of the towing robot.展开更多
Ocean energy has progressively gained considerable interest due to its sufficient potential to meet the world’s energy demand,and the blade is the core component in electricity generation from the ocean current.Howev...Ocean energy has progressively gained considerable interest due to its sufficient potential to meet the world’s energy demand,and the blade is the core component in electricity generation from the ocean current.However,the widened hydraulic excitation frequency may satisfy the blade resonance due to the time variation in the velocity and angle of attack of the ocean current,even resulting in blade fatigue and destructively interfering with grid stability.A key parameter that determines the resonance amplitude of the blade is the hydrodynamic damping ratio(HDR).However,HDR is difficult to obtain due to the complex fluid-structure interaction(FSI).Therefore,a literature review was conducted on the hydrodynamic damping characteristics of blade-like structures.The experimental and simulation methods used to identify and obtain the HDR quantitatively were described,placing emphasis on the experimental processes and simulation setups.Moreover,the accuracy and efficiency of different simulation methods were compared,and the modal work approach was recommended.The effects of key typical parameters,including flow velocity,angle of attack,gap,rotational speed,and cavitation,on the HDR were then summarized,and the suggestions on operating conditions were presented from the perspective of increasing the HDR.Subsequently,considering multiple flow parameters,several theoretical derivations and semi-empirical prediction formulas for HDR were introduced,and the accuracy and application were discussed.Based on the shortcomings of the existing research,the direction of future research was finally determined.The current work offers a clear understanding of the HDR of blade-like structures,which could improve the evaluation accuracy of flow-induced vibration in the design stage.展开更多
Solid-state batteries(SSBs) with high safety are promising for the energy fields,but the development has long been limited by machinability and interfacial problems.Hence,self-supporting,flexible Nano LLZO CSEs are pr...Solid-state batteries(SSBs) with high safety are promising for the energy fields,but the development has long been limited by machinability and interfacial problems.Hence,self-supporting,flexible Nano LLZO CSEs are prepared with a solvent-free method at 25℃.The 99.8 wt% contents of Nano LLZO particles enable the Nano LLZO CSEs to maintain good thermal stability while exhibiting a wide electrochemical window of 5.0 V and a high Li~+ transfer number of 0.8.The mean modulus reaches 4376 MPa.Benefiting from the interfacial modulation,the Li|Li symmetric batteries based on the Nano LLZO CSEs show benign stability with lithium at the current densities of 0.1 mA cm^(-2),0.2 mA cm^(-2),and 0.5 mA cm^(-2).In addition,the Li|LiFePO_(4)(LFP) SSBs achieve favorable cycling performance:the specific capacity reaches128.1 mAh g^(-1) at 0.5 C rate,with a capacity retention of about 80% after 600 cycles.In the further tests of the LiNi_(0.8)Co_(0.1)Mn_(0.1)O_(2)(NCM811) cathodes with higher energy density,the Nano LLZO CSEs also demonstrate good compatibility:the specific capacities of NCM811-based SSBs reach 177.9 mAh g^(-1) at 0.5 C rate,while the capacity retention is over 96% after 150 cycles.Furthermore,the Li|LFP soft-pack SSBs verify the safety characteristics and the potential for application,which have a desirable prospect.展开更多
An optical emission spectroscopy(OES)method with a non-invasive measurement capability,without inducing disturbance to the discharge,represents an effective method for material monitoring.However,when the OES method i...An optical emission spectroscopy(OES)method with a non-invasive measurement capability,without inducing disturbance to the discharge,represents an effective method for material monitoring.However,when the OES method is employed to monitor the trace erosion product within the ceramic channel of a Hall thruster,it becomes challenging to distinguish between signal and noise.In this study,we propose a model filtering method based on the signal characteristics of the Hall thruster plume spectrometer.This method integrates the slit imaging and spectral resolution features of the spectrometer.Employing this method,we extract the spectral signals of the erosion product and working gas from the Hall thruster under different operating conditions.The results indicate that our new method performs comparably to the traditional method without model filtering when extracting atom signals from strong xenon working gas.However,for trace amounts of the erosion product,our approach significantly enhances the signal-to-noise ratio(SNR),enabling the identification of extremely weak spectral signals even under low mass flow rate and low-voltage conditions.We obtain boron atom concentration of 3.91×10^(-3) kg/m^(3) at a mass flow rate of 4×10^(-7) kg/s and voltage of 200 V while monitoring a wider range of thruster operating conditions.The new method proposed in this study is suitable for monitoring other low-concentration elements,making it valuable for materials processing,environmental monitoring and space propulsion applications.展开更多
Controlled nuclear fusion represents a significant solution for future clean energy,with ion cyclotron range of frequency(ICRF)heating emerging as one of the most promising technologies for heating the fusion plasma.T...Controlled nuclear fusion represents a significant solution for future clean energy,with ion cyclotron range of frequency(ICRF)heating emerging as one of the most promising technologies for heating the fusion plasma.This study primarily presents a self-developed 2D ion cyclotron resonance antenna electromagnetic field solver(ICRAEMS)code implemented on the MATLAB platform,which solves the electric field wave equation by using the finite element method,establishing perfectly matched layer(PML)boundary conditions,and post-processing the electromagnetic field data.This code can be utilized to facilitate the design and optimization processes of antennas for ICRF heating technology.Furthermore,this study examines the electric field distribution and power spectrum associated with various antenna phases to investigate how different antenna configurations affect the electromagnetic field propagation and coupling characteristics.展开更多
In this paper,a composite numerical scheme is proposed to solve the threedimensional Darcy-Forchheimer miscible displacement problem with positive semi-definite assumptions.A mixed finite element is used for the fow e...In this paper,a composite numerical scheme is proposed to solve the threedimensional Darcy-Forchheimer miscible displacement problem with positive semi-definite assumptions.A mixed finite element is used for the fow equation.The velocity and pressure are computed simultaneously.The accuracy of velocity is improved one order.The concentration equation is solved by using mixed finite element,multi-step difference and upwind approximation.A multi-step method is used to approximate time derivative for improving the accuracy.The upwind approximation and an expanded mixed finite element are adopted to solve the convection and diffusion,respectively.The composite method could compute the diffusion flux and its gradient.It possibly becomes an eficient tool for solving convection-dominated diffusion problems.Firstly,the conservation of mass holds.Secondly,the multi-step method has high accuracy.Thirdly,the upwind approximation could avoid numerical dispersion.Using numerical analysis of a priori estimates and special techniques of differential equations,we give an error estimates for a positive definite problem.Numerical experiments illustrate its computational efficiency and feasibility of application.展开更多
The accumulation of^(222)Rn and^(220)Rn progeny in poorly ventilated environments poses the risk of natural radiation exposure to the public.A previous study indicated that satisfactory results in determining the^(222...The accumulation of^(222)Rn and^(220)Rn progeny in poorly ventilated environments poses the risk of natural radiation exposure to the public.A previous study indicated that satisfactory results in determining the^(222)Rn and^(220)Rn progeny concentrations by measuring the total alpha counts at five time intervals within 560 min should be expected only in the case of high progeny concentrations in air.To complete the measurement within a relatively short period and adapt it for simultaneous measurements at comparatively lower^(222)Rn and^(220)Rn progeny concentrations,a novel mathematical model was proposed based on the radioactive decay law.This model employs a nonlinear fitting method to distinguish nuclides with overlapping spectra by utilizing the alpha particle counts of non-overlapping spectra within consecutive measurement cycles to obtain the concentrations of^(222)Rn and^(220)Rn progeny in air.Several verification experiments were conducted using an alpha spectrometer.The experimental results demonstrate that the concentrations of^(222)Rn and^(220)Rn progeny calculated by the new method align more closely with the actual circumstances than those calculated by the total count method,and their relative uncertainties are all within±16%.Furthermore,the measurement time was reduced to 90 min,representing an acceleration of 84%.The improved capability of the new method in distinguishing alpha particles with similar energies emitted from ^(218)Po and^(212)Bi,both approximately 6 MeV,contributed to realizing more accurate results.The proposed method has the potential advantage of measuring relatively low concentrations of^(222)Rn and^(220)Rn progeny in air more quickly via air filtration.展开更多
In this paper, a new computational method for improving the accuracy of numerically computed solutions is introduced. The computational method is based on the one-step method and conserved quantities of holonomic syst...In this paper, a new computational method for improving the accuracy of numerically computed solutions is introduced. The computational method is based on the one-step method and conserved quantities of holonomic systems are considered as kinematical constraints in this method.展开更多
A computational method of constraint stabilization and correction is introduced. The method is based on the Baumgart＇s one-step method. Constraint conditions are addressed to stabilize and correct the solution. Two e...A computational method of constraint stabilization and correction is introduced. The method is based on the Baumgart＇s one-step method. Constraint conditions are addressed to stabilize and correct the solution. Two examples are given to illustrate the results of the method.展开更多
Gradiently denitrated gun propellant(GDGP)prepared by a“gradient denitration”strategy is obviously superior in progressive burning performance to the traditional deterred gun propellant.Currently,the preparation of ...Gradiently denitrated gun propellant(GDGP)prepared by a“gradient denitration”strategy is obviously superior in progressive burning performance to the traditional deterred gun propellant.Currently,the preparation of GDGP employed a tedious two-step method involving organic solvents,which hinders the large-scale preparation of GDGP.In this paper,GDGP was successfully prepared via a novelty and environmentally friendly one-step method.The obtained samples were characterized by FT-IR,Raman,SEM and XPS.The results showed that the content of nitrate groups gradiently increased from the surface to the core in the surface layer of GDGP and the surface layer of GDGP exhibited a higher compaction than that of raw gun propellant,with a well-preserved nitrocellulose structure.The denitration process enabled the propellant surface with regressive energy density and good progressive burning performance,as confirmed by oxygen bomb and closed bomb test.At the same time,the effects of different solvents on the component loss of propellant were compared.The result showed that water caused the least component loss.Finally,the stability of GDGP was confirmed by methyl-violet test.This work not only provided environmentally friendly,simple and economic preparation of GDGP,but also confirmed the stability of GDGP prepared by this method.展开更多
A new method of surface chemical modification of nano-SiO2 is proposed in this paper. In the presence of catalyst, the active hydroxyl groups on the surface of nano-SiO2 reacted with AB2-type monomer （N, N-dihydroxye...A new method of surface chemical modification of nano-SiO2 is proposed in this paper. In the presence of catalyst, the active hydroxyl groups on the surface of nano-SiO2 reacted with AB2-type monomer （N, N-dihydroxyethyl-3-amino methyl propionate） by one-step polycondensation. And the product＇s Fourer transform infrared （FTIR） graphs and transmission electron microscopy（TEM） images proved that hyperbranched poly （amine-ester） was grafted on nano-SiO2 surface successfully. Results show that the modified nano-SiO2 exhibits excellent dispersion and stability in some solvents such as alcohol and chloroform.展开更多
The technology of drilling tests makes it possible to obtain the strength parameter of rock accurately in situ. In this paper, a new rock cutting analysis model that considers the influence of the rock crushing zone(R...The technology of drilling tests makes it possible to obtain the strength parameter of rock accurately in situ. In this paper, a new rock cutting analysis model that considers the influence of the rock crushing zone(RCZ) is built. The formula for an ultimate cutting force is established based on the limit equilibrium principle. The relationship between digital drilling parameters(DDP) and the c-φ parameter(DDP-cφ formula, where c refers to the cohesion and φ refers to the internal friction angle) is derived, and the response of drilling parameters and cutting ratio to the strength parameters is analyzed. The drillingbased measuring method for the c-φ parameter of rock is constructed. The laboratory verification test is then completed, and the difference in results between the drilling test and the compression test is less than 6%. On this basis, in-situ rock drilling tests in a traffic tunnel and a coal mine roadway are carried out, and the strength parameters of the surrounding rock are effectively tested. The average difference ratio of the results is less than 11%, which verifies the effectiveness of the proposed method for obtaining the strength parameters based on digital drilling. This study provides methodological support for field testing of rock strength parameters.展开更多
In this study,the structural characters,antioxidant activities and bile acid-binding ability of sea buckthorn polysaccharides(HRPs)obtained by the commonly used hot water(HRP-W),pressurized hot water(HRP-H),ultrasonic...In this study,the structural characters,antioxidant activities and bile acid-binding ability of sea buckthorn polysaccharides(HRPs)obtained by the commonly used hot water(HRP-W),pressurized hot water(HRP-H),ultrasonic(HRP-U),acid(HRP-C)and alkali(HRP-A)assisted extraction methods were investigated.The results demonstrated that extraction methods had significant effects on extraction yield,monosaccharide composition,molecular weight,particle size,triple-helical structure,and surface morphology of HRPs except for the major linkage bands.Thermogravimetric analysis showed that HRP-U with filamentous reticular microstructure exhibited better thermal stability.The HRP-A with the lowest molecular weight and highest arabinose content possessed the best antioxidant activities.Moreover,the rheological analysis indicated that HRPs with higher galacturonic acid content and molecular weight showed higher viscosity and stronger crosslinking network(HRP-C,HRP-W and HRP-U),which exhibited stronger bile acid binding capacity.The present findings provide scientific evidence in the preparation technology of sea buckthorn polysaccharides with good antioxidant and bile acid binding capacity which are related to the structure affected by the extraction methods.展开更多
The selection and coordinated application of government innovation policies are crucial for guiding the direction of enterprise innovation and unleashing their innovation potential.However,due to the lengthy,voluminou...The selection and coordinated application of government innovation policies are crucial for guiding the direction of enterprise innovation and unleashing their innovation potential.However,due to the lengthy,voluminous,complex,and unstructured nature of regional innovation policy texts,traditional policy classification methods often overlook the reality that these texts cover multiple policy topics,leading to lack of objectivity.In contrast,topic mining technology can handle large-scale textual data,overcoming challenges such as the abundance of policy content and difficulty in classification.Although topic models can partition numerous policy texts into topics,they cannot analyze the interplay among policy topics and the impact of policy topic coordination on enterprise innovation in detail.Therefore,we propose a big data analysis scheme for policy coordination paths based on the latent Dirichlet allocation(LDA)model and the fuzzyset qualitative comparative analysis(fsQCA)method by combining topic models with qualitative comparative analysis.The LDA model was employed to derive the topic distribution of each document and the word distribution of each topic and enable automatic classi-fication through algorithms,providing reliable and objective textual classification results.Subsequently,the fsQCA method was used to analyze the coordination paths and dynamic characteristics.Finally,experimental analysis was conducted using innovation policy text data from 31 provincial-level administrative regions in China from 2012 to 2021 as research samples.The results suggest that the proposed method effectively partitions innovation policy topics and analyzes the policy configuration,driving enterprise innovation in different regions.展开更多
Quantum dialogue(QD)enables two communication parties to directly exchange secret messages simultaneously.In conventional QD protocols,photons need to transmit in the quantum channel for two rounds.In this paper,we pr...Quantum dialogue(QD)enables two communication parties to directly exchange secret messages simultaneously.In conventional QD protocols,photons need to transmit in the quantum channel for two rounds.In this paper,we propose a one-step QD protocol based on the hyperentanglement.With the help of the non-local hyperentanglement-assisted Bell state measurement(BSM),the photons only need to transmit in the quantum channel once.We prove that our one-step QD protocol is secure in theory and numerically simulate its secret message capacity under practical experimental condition.Compared with previous QD protocols,the one-step QD protocol can effectively simplify the experiment operations and reduce the message loss caused by the photon transmission loss.Meanwhile,the non-local hyperentanglement-assisted BSM has a success probability of 100%and is feasible with linear optical elements.Moreover,combined with the hyperentanglement heralded amplification and purification,our protocol is possible to realize long-distance one-step QD.展开更多
We report a linear-scaling random Green's function(rGF) method for large-scale electronic structure calculation. In this method, the rGF is defined on a set of random states and is efficiently calculated by projec...We report a linear-scaling random Green's function(rGF) method for large-scale electronic structure calculation. In this method, the rGF is defined on a set of random states and is efficiently calculated by projecting onto Krylov subspace. With the rGF method, the Fermi–Dirac operator can be obtained directly, avoiding the polynomial expansion to Fermi–Dirac function. To demonstrate the applicability, we implement the rGF method with the density-functional tight-binding method. It is shown that the Krylov subspace can maintain at small size for materials with different gaps at zero temperature, including H_(2)O and Si clusters. We find with a simple deflation technique that the rGF self-consistent calculation of H_(2)O clusters at T = 0 K can reach an error of~ 1 me V per H_(2)O molecule in total energy, compared to deterministic calculations. The rGF method provides an effective stochastic method for large-scale electronic structure simulation.展开更多
基金supported by Key Research&Development Program of Jiangsu Province in China(BE2020693)Major Project of Science and Technology of Anhui Province(201903a06020010)+1 种基金Joint Key Project of Science and Technology Innovation of Yangtze River Delta in Anhui Province(202004g01020009)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD)。
文摘In this work,one-step growth models using hyperspectral imaging(HSI)(400-1000 nm)were successfully developed in order to estimate the microbial loads,minimum growth temperature(T_(min))and maximum specific growth rate(μ_(max))of Brochothrix thermosphacta in chilled beef at isothermal temperatures(4-25℃).Three different methods were compared for model development,particularly using(Model Ⅰ)the predicted microbial loads from partial least squares regression of the whole spectral variables;(Model Ⅱ)the selected spectral variables related to microbial loads;and(Model Ⅲ)the first principal scores of HSI spectra by principal component analysis.Consequently,Model Ⅰ showed the best ability to predict the microbial loads of B.thermosphacta,with the coefficient of determination(R_(v)^(2))and root mean square error in internal validation(RMSEV)of 0.921 and 0.498(lg(CFU/g)).The T_(min)(-12.32℃)andμmax can be well estimated with R^(2) and root mean square error(RMSE)of 0.971 and 0.276(lg(CFU/g)),respectively.The upward trend ofμmax with temperature was similar to that of the plate count method.HSI technique thus can be used as a simple method for one-step growth simulation of B.thermosphacta in chilled beef during storage.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12304077)the Natural Science Foundation of Science and Technology Department of Sichuan Province(No.23NSFSC6224)+3 种基金Sichuan Science and Technology Program(No.2024NSFSC0989)the Key Laboratory of Computational Physics of Sichuan Province(No.YBUJSWL-YB-2022-03)the Material Corrosion and Protection Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province(No.2023CL14 and No.2023CL01)the National Innovation Practice Project(No.202411079005S).
文摘Oxygen release and electrolyte decomposition under high voltage endlessly exacerbate interfacial ramifications and structu ral degradation of high energy-density Li-rich layered oxide(LLO),leading to voltage and capacity fading.Herein,the dual-strategy of Cr,B complex coating and local gradient doping is simultaneously achieved on LLO surface by a one-step wet chemical reaction at room temperature.Density functional theory(DFT)calculations prove that stable B-O and Cr-O bonds through the local gradient doping can significantly reduce the high-energy O 2p states of interfacial lattice O,which is also effective for the near-surface lattice O,thus greatly stabilizing the LLO surface,Besides,differential electrochemical mass spectrometry(DEMS)indicates that the Cr_(x)B complex coating can adequately inhibit oxygen release and prevents the migration or dissolution of transition metal ions,including allowing speedy Li^(+)migration,The voltage and capacity fading of the modified cathode(LLO-C_(r)B)are adequately suppressed,which are benefited from the uniformly dense cathode electrolyte interface(CEI)composed of balanced organic/inorganic composition.Therefore,the specific capacity of LLO-CrB after 200 cycles at 1C is 209.3 mA h g^(-1)(with a retention rate of 95.1%).This dual-strategy through a one-step wet chemical reaction is expected to be applied in the design and development of other anionic redox cathode materials.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52271317 and 52071149)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(HUST:2019kfy XJJS007)。
文摘To address the problems of low accuracy by the CONWEP model and poor efficiency by the Coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian(CEL)method in predicting close-range air blast loads of cylindrical charges,a neural network-based simulation(NNS)method with higher accuracy and better efficiency was proposed.The NNS method consisted of three main steps.First,the parameters of blast loads,including the peak pressures and impulses of cylindrical charges with different aspect ratios(L/D)at different stand-off distances and incident angles were obtained by two-dimensional numerical simulations.Subsequently,incident shape factors of cylindrical charges with arbitrary aspect ratios were predicted by a neural network.Finally,reflected shape factors were derived and implemented into the subroutine of the ABAQUS code to modify the CONWEP model,including modifications of impulse and overpressure.The reliability of the proposed NNS method was verified by related experimental results.Remarkable accuracy improvement was acquired by the proposed NNS method compared with the unmodified CONWEP model.Moreover,huge efficiency superiority was obtained by the proposed NNS method compared with the CEL method.The proposed NNS method showed good accuracy when the scaled distance was greater than 0.2 m/kg^(1/3).It should be noted that there is no need to generate a new dataset again since the blast loads satisfy the similarity law,and the proposed NNS method can be directly used to simulate the blast loads generated by different cylindrical charges.The proposed NNS method with high efficiency and accuracy can be used as an effective method to analyze the dynamic response of structures under blast loads,and it has significant application prospects in designing protective structures.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.51965032the Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province of China under Grant No.22JR5RA319+2 种基金the Excellent Doctoral Student Foundation of Gansu Province of China under Grant No.23JRRA842the Sichuan Province Engineering Technology Research Center of General Aircraft Maintenance under Grant No.GAMRC2023YB05the Key Research and Development Project of Lanzhou Jiaotong University under Grant No.LZJTUZDYF2302.
文摘Currently,the cranes used at sea do not have enough flexibility,efficiency,and safety.Thus,this study proposed a floating multirobot coordinated towing system to meet the demands for offshore towing.Because of the flexibility of rope-driven robots,the one-way pulling characteristics of the rope,and the floating characteristics of the base,towing robots are easily overturned.First,the spatial configuration of the towing system was established according to the towing task,and the kinematic model of the towing system was established using the coordinate transformation.Then,the dynamic model of the towing system was established according to the rigid-body dynamics and hydrodynamic theory.Finally,the stability of the towing system was analyzed using the stability cone method.The simulation experiments provide a reference for the practical application of the floating multirobot coordinated towing system,which can improve the stability of towing systems by changing the configuration of the towing robot.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52222904 and 52309117)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Nos.2022TQ0168 and 2023M731895).
文摘Ocean energy has progressively gained considerable interest due to its sufficient potential to meet the world’s energy demand,and the blade is the core component in electricity generation from the ocean current.However,the widened hydraulic excitation frequency may satisfy the blade resonance due to the time variation in the velocity and angle of attack of the ocean current,even resulting in blade fatigue and destructively interfering with grid stability.A key parameter that determines the resonance amplitude of the blade is the hydrodynamic damping ratio(HDR).However,HDR is difficult to obtain due to the complex fluid-structure interaction(FSI).Therefore,a literature review was conducted on the hydrodynamic damping characteristics of blade-like structures.The experimental and simulation methods used to identify and obtain the HDR quantitatively were described,placing emphasis on the experimental processes and simulation setups.Moreover,the accuracy and efficiency of different simulation methods were compared,and the modal work approach was recommended.The effects of key typical parameters,including flow velocity,angle of attack,gap,rotational speed,and cavitation,on the HDR were then summarized,and the suggestions on operating conditions were presented from the perspective of increasing the HDR.Subsequently,considering multiple flow parameters,several theoretical derivations and semi-empirical prediction formulas for HDR were introduced,and the accuracy and application were discussed.Based on the shortcomings of the existing research,the direction of future research was finally determined.The current work offers a clear understanding of the HDR of blade-like structures,which could improve the evaluation accuracy of flow-induced vibration in the design stage.
基金supported by Science and Technology Project of China Southern Power Grid (SZKJXM20230049/090000KC23010038)。
文摘Solid-state batteries(SSBs) with high safety are promising for the energy fields,but the development has long been limited by machinability and interfacial problems.Hence,self-supporting,flexible Nano LLZO CSEs are prepared with a solvent-free method at 25℃.The 99.8 wt% contents of Nano LLZO particles enable the Nano LLZO CSEs to maintain good thermal stability while exhibiting a wide electrochemical window of 5.0 V and a high Li~+ transfer number of 0.8.The mean modulus reaches 4376 MPa.Benefiting from the interfacial modulation,the Li|Li symmetric batteries based on the Nano LLZO CSEs show benign stability with lithium at the current densities of 0.1 mA cm^(-2),0.2 mA cm^(-2),and 0.5 mA cm^(-2).In addition,the Li|LiFePO_(4)(LFP) SSBs achieve favorable cycling performance:the specific capacity reaches128.1 mAh g^(-1) at 0.5 C rate,with a capacity retention of about 80% after 600 cycles.In the further tests of the LiNi_(0.8)Co_(0.1)Mn_(0.1)O_(2)(NCM811) cathodes with higher energy density,the Nano LLZO CSEs also demonstrate good compatibility:the specific capacities of NCM811-based SSBs reach 177.9 mAh g^(-1) at 0.5 C rate,while the capacity retention is over 96% after 150 cycles.Furthermore,the Li|LFP soft-pack SSBs verify the safety characteristics and the potential for application,which have a desirable prospect.
基金financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U22B2094)。
文摘An optical emission spectroscopy(OES)method with a non-invasive measurement capability,without inducing disturbance to the discharge,represents an effective method for material monitoring.However,when the OES method is employed to monitor the trace erosion product within the ceramic channel of a Hall thruster,it becomes challenging to distinguish between signal and noise.In this study,we propose a model filtering method based on the signal characteristics of the Hall thruster plume spectrometer.This method integrates the slit imaging and spectral resolution features of the spectrometer.Employing this method,we extract the spectral signals of the erosion product and working gas from the Hall thruster under different operating conditions.The results indicate that our new method performs comparably to the traditional method without model filtering when extracting atom signals from strong xenon working gas.However,for trace amounts of the erosion product,our approach significantly enhances the signal-to-noise ratio(SNR),enabling the identification of extremely weak spectral signals even under low mass flow rate and low-voltage conditions.We obtain boron atom concentration of 3.91×10^(-3) kg/m^(3) at a mass flow rate of 4×10^(-7) kg/s and voltage of 200 V while monitoring a wider range of thruster operating conditions.The new method proposed in this study is suitable for monitoring other low-concentration elements,making it valuable for materials processing,environmental monitoring and space propulsion applications.
基金Project supported by the National MCF Energy R&D Program(Grant No.2022YFE03190100)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12422513,12105035,and U21A20438)the Xiaomi Young Talents Program.
文摘Controlled nuclear fusion represents a significant solution for future clean energy,with ion cyclotron range of frequency(ICRF)heating emerging as one of the most promising technologies for heating the fusion plasma.This study primarily presents a self-developed 2D ion cyclotron resonance antenna electromagnetic field solver(ICRAEMS)code implemented on the MATLAB platform,which solves the electric field wave equation by using the finite element method,establishing perfectly matched layer(PML)boundary conditions,and post-processing the electromagnetic field data.This code can be utilized to facilitate the design and optimization processes of antennas for ICRF heating technology.Furthermore,this study examines the electric field distribution and power spectrum associated with various antenna phases to investigate how different antenna configurations affect the electromagnetic field propagation and coupling characteristics.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2021MA019)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11871312)。
文摘In this paper,a composite numerical scheme is proposed to solve the threedimensional Darcy-Forchheimer miscible displacement problem with positive semi-definite assumptions.A mixed finite element is used for the fow equation.The velocity and pressure are computed simultaneously.The accuracy of velocity is improved one order.The concentration equation is solved by using mixed finite element,multi-step difference and upwind approximation.A multi-step method is used to approximate time derivative for improving the accuracy.The upwind approximation and an expanded mixed finite element are adopted to solve the convection and diffusion,respectively.The composite method could compute the diffusion flux and its gradient.It possibly becomes an eficient tool for solving convection-dominated diffusion problems.Firstly,the conservation of mass holds.Secondly,the multi-step method has high accuracy.Thirdly,the upwind approximation could avoid numerical dispersion.Using numerical analysis of a priori estimates and special techniques of differential equations,we give an error estimates for a positive definite problem.Numerical experiments illustrate its computational efficiency and feasibility of application.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12075112)Natural Science Foundation of Hunan(No.2023JJ50121),Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(No.2023JJ50091)Key Projects of Hunan Provincial Department of Education(No.23A0516).
文摘The accumulation of^(222)Rn and^(220)Rn progeny in poorly ventilated environments poses the risk of natural radiation exposure to the public.A previous study indicated that satisfactory results in determining the^(222)Rn and^(220)Rn progeny concentrations by measuring the total alpha counts at five time intervals within 560 min should be expected only in the case of high progeny concentrations in air.To complete the measurement within a relatively short period and adapt it for simultaneous measurements at comparatively lower^(222)Rn and^(220)Rn progeny concentrations,a novel mathematical model was proposed based on the radioactive decay law.This model employs a nonlinear fitting method to distinguish nuclides with overlapping spectra by utilizing the alpha particle counts of non-overlapping spectra within consecutive measurement cycles to obtain the concentrations of^(222)Rn and^(220)Rn progeny in air.Several verification experiments were conducted using an alpha spectrometer.The experimental results demonstrate that the concentrations of^(222)Rn and^(220)Rn progeny calculated by the new method align more closely with the actual circumstances than those calculated by the total count method,and their relative uncertainties are all within±16%.Furthermore,the measurement time was reduced to 90 min,representing an acceleration of 84%.The improved capability of the new method in distinguishing alpha particles with similar energies emitted from ^(218)Po and^(212)Bi,both approximately 6 MeV,contributed to realizing more accurate results.The proposed method has the potential advantage of measuring relatively low concentrations of^(222)Rn and^(220)Rn progeny in air more quickly via air filtration.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （Grant Nos 10572021 and 10372053）, and the Fundamental Research Foundation of Beijing Institute of Technology （BIT-UBF-200507A4206）.
文摘In this paper, a new computational method for improving the accuracy of numerically computed solutions is introduced. The computational method is based on the one-step method and conserved quantities of holonomic systems are considered as kinematical constraints in this method.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (10572021 ,10372053)Basic Research Foundation of Beijing Institute of Tech-nology (BIT-UBF-200507A4206)
文摘A computational method of constraint stabilization and correction is introduced. The method is based on the Baumgart＇s one-step method. Constraint conditions are addressed to stabilize and correct the solution. Two examples are given to illustrate the results of the method.
文摘Gradiently denitrated gun propellant(GDGP)prepared by a“gradient denitration”strategy is obviously superior in progressive burning performance to the traditional deterred gun propellant.Currently,the preparation of GDGP employed a tedious two-step method involving organic solvents,which hinders the large-scale preparation of GDGP.In this paper,GDGP was successfully prepared via a novelty and environmentally friendly one-step method.The obtained samples were characterized by FT-IR,Raman,SEM and XPS.The results showed that the content of nitrate groups gradiently increased from the surface to the core in the surface layer of GDGP and the surface layer of GDGP exhibited a higher compaction than that of raw gun propellant,with a well-preserved nitrocellulose structure.The denitration process enabled the propellant surface with regressive energy density and good progressive burning performance,as confirmed by oxygen bomb and closed bomb test.At the same time,the effects of different solvents on the component loss of propellant were compared.The result showed that water caused the least component loss.Finally,the stability of GDGP was confirmed by methyl-violet test.This work not only provided environmentally friendly,simple and economic preparation of GDGP,but also confirmed the stability of GDGP prepared by this method.
基金Sponsored by the Ministerial Level Advanced Research Foundation (120701BQ0126)
文摘A new method of surface chemical modification of nano-SiO2 is proposed in this paper. In the presence of catalyst, the active hydroxyl groups on the surface of nano-SiO2 reacted with AB2-type monomer （N, N-dihydroxyethyl-3-amino methyl propionate） by one-step polycondensation. And the product＇s Fourer transform infrared （FTIR） graphs and transmission electron microscopy（TEM） images proved that hyperbranched poly （amine-ester） was grafted on nano-SiO2 surface successfully. Results show that the modified nano-SiO2 exhibits excellent dispersion and stability in some solvents such as alcohol and chloroform.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2023YFC2907600)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.42077267,42277174 and 52074164)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province,China(No.ZR2020JQ23)the Opening Project of State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology,Beijing Institute of Technology(No.KFJJ21-02Z)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(No.2022JCCXSB03).
文摘The technology of drilling tests makes it possible to obtain the strength parameter of rock accurately in situ. In this paper, a new rock cutting analysis model that considers the influence of the rock crushing zone(RCZ) is built. The formula for an ultimate cutting force is established based on the limit equilibrium principle. The relationship between digital drilling parameters(DDP) and the c-φ parameter(DDP-cφ formula, where c refers to the cohesion and φ refers to the internal friction angle) is derived, and the response of drilling parameters and cutting ratio to the strength parameters is analyzed. The drillingbased measuring method for the c-φ parameter of rock is constructed. The laboratory verification test is then completed, and the difference in results between the drilling test and the compression test is less than 6%. On this basis, in-situ rock drilling tests in a traffic tunnel and a coal mine roadway are carried out, and the strength parameters of the surrounding rock are effectively tested. The average difference ratio of the results is less than 11%, which verifies the effectiveness of the proposed method for obtaining the strength parameters based on digital drilling. This study provides methodological support for field testing of rock strength parameters.
基金The Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2022A1515010730)National Natural Science Foundation of China(32001647)+2 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(31972022)Financial and moral assistance supported by the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2019A1515011996)111 Project(B17018)。
文摘In this study,the structural characters,antioxidant activities and bile acid-binding ability of sea buckthorn polysaccharides(HRPs)obtained by the commonly used hot water(HRP-W),pressurized hot water(HRP-H),ultrasonic(HRP-U),acid(HRP-C)and alkali(HRP-A)assisted extraction methods were investigated.The results demonstrated that extraction methods had significant effects on extraction yield,monosaccharide composition,molecular weight,particle size,triple-helical structure,and surface morphology of HRPs except for the major linkage bands.Thermogravimetric analysis showed that HRP-U with filamentous reticular microstructure exhibited better thermal stability.The HRP-A with the lowest molecular weight and highest arabinose content possessed the best antioxidant activities.Moreover,the rheological analysis indicated that HRPs with higher galacturonic acid content and molecular weight showed higher viscosity and stronger crosslinking network(HRP-C,HRP-W and HRP-U),which exhibited stronger bile acid binding capacity.The present findings provide scientific evidence in the preparation technology of sea buckthorn polysaccharides with good antioxidant and bile acid binding capacity which are related to the structure affected by the extraction methods.
文摘The selection and coordinated application of government innovation policies are crucial for guiding the direction of enterprise innovation and unleashing their innovation potential.However,due to the lengthy,voluminous,complex,and unstructured nature of regional innovation policy texts,traditional policy classification methods often overlook the reality that these texts cover multiple policy topics,leading to lack of objectivity.In contrast,topic mining technology can handle large-scale textual data,overcoming challenges such as the abundance of policy content and difficulty in classification.Although topic models can partition numerous policy texts into topics,they cannot analyze the interplay among policy topics and the impact of policy topic coordination on enterprise innovation in detail.Therefore,we propose a big data analysis scheme for policy coordination paths based on the latent Dirichlet allocation(LDA)model and the fuzzyset qualitative comparative analysis(fsQCA)method by combining topic models with qualitative comparative analysis.The LDA model was employed to derive the topic distribution of each document and the word distribution of each topic and enable automatic classi-fication through algorithms,providing reliable and objective textual classification results.Subsequently,the fsQCA method was used to analyze the coordination paths and dynamic characteristics.Finally,experimental analysis was conducted using innovation policy text data from 31 provincial-level administrative regions in China from 2012 to 2021 as research samples.The results suggest that the proposed method effectively partitions innovation policy topics and analyzes the policy configuration,driving enterprise innovation in different regions.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12175106 and 92365110).
文摘Quantum dialogue(QD)enables two communication parties to directly exchange secret messages simultaneously.In conventional QD protocols,photons need to transmit in the quantum channel for two rounds.In this paper,we propose a one-step QD protocol based on the hyperentanglement.With the help of the non-local hyperentanglement-assisted Bell state measurement(BSM),the photons only need to transmit in the quantum channel once.We prove that our one-step QD protocol is secure in theory and numerically simulate its secret message capacity under practical experimental condition.Compared with previous QD protocols,the one-step QD protocol can effectively simplify the experiment operations and reduce the message loss caused by the photon transmission loss.Meanwhile,the non-local hyperentanglement-assisted BSM has a success probability of 100%and is feasible with linear optical elements.Moreover,combined with the hyperentanglement heralded amplification and purification,our protocol is possible to realize long-distance one-step QD.
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 12227901)the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11974263 and 12174291)。
文摘We report a linear-scaling random Green's function(rGF) method for large-scale electronic structure calculation. In this method, the rGF is defined on a set of random states and is efficiently calculated by projecting onto Krylov subspace. With the rGF method, the Fermi–Dirac operator can be obtained directly, avoiding the polynomial expansion to Fermi–Dirac function. To demonstrate the applicability, we implement the rGF method with the density-functional tight-binding method. It is shown that the Krylov subspace can maintain at small size for materials with different gaps at zero temperature, including H_(2)O and Si clusters. We find with a simple deflation technique that the rGF self-consistent calculation of H_(2)O clusters at T = 0 K can reach an error of~ 1 me V per H_(2)O molecule in total energy, compared to deterministic calculations. The rGF method provides an effective stochastic method for large-scale electronic structure simulation.
