In this paper,large deviations principle(LDP)and moderate deviations principle(MDP)of record numbers in random walks are studied under certain conditions.The results show that the rate functions of LDP and MDP are dif...In this paper,large deviations principle(LDP)and moderate deviations principle(MDP)of record numbers in random walks are studied under certain conditions.The results show that the rate functions of LDP and MDP are different from those of weak record numbers,which are interesting complements of the conclusions by Li and Yao[1].展开更多
TENORM Regulation in the United States of America post-West Virginia vs.EPA Spenser Lynn,Charles Wilson,Emily Caffrey1(1.University of Alabama at Birmingham,School of Health Professions,Clinical and Diagnostic Science...TENORM Regulation in the United States of America post-West Virginia vs.EPA Spenser Lynn,Charles Wilson,Emily Caffrey1(1.University of Alabama at Birmingham,School of Health Professions,Clinical and Diagnostic Sciences,Health Physics Program,1720 University Blvd,Birmingham,AL 35294)Abstract:The regulation of technologically enhanced naturally occurring radioactive materials(TENORM)in the United States of America consists of fragmentary rules split between the federal and state governments.展开更多
In an ambiguous decision domain, the evaluation values of alternatives against attributes would be interval numbers because of the inherent, uncertain property of the problems. By using a number of linear programming ...In an ambiguous decision domain, the evaluation values of alternatives against attributes would be interval numbers because of the inherent, uncertain property of the problems. By using a number of linear programming models, Bryson and Mobolurin propose an approach to compute attribute weights and overall values of the alternatives in the form of interval numbers. The intervals of the overall values of alternatives are then transformed into points or crisp values for comparisons among the alternatives. However, the attribute weights are different because of the use of linear programming models in Bryson and Mobolurin＇s approach. Thus, the alternatives are not comparable because different attribute weights are employed to calculate the overall values of the alternatives. A new approach is proposed to overcome the drawbacks of Bryson and Mobolurin＇s approach. By transforming the decision matrix with intervals into the one with crisp values, a new linear programming model is proposed, to calculate the attribute weights for conducting alternative ranking.展开更多
In this work, the effect of various effective dimensionless numbers and moisture contents on initiation of instability in combustion of moisty organic dust is calculated. To have reliable model, effect of thermal radi...In this work, the effect of various effective dimensionless numbers and moisture contents on initiation of instability in combustion of moisty organic dust is calculated. To have reliable model, effect of thermal radiation is taken into account. One- dimensional flame structure is divided into three zones： preheat zone, reaction zone and post-flame zone. To investigate pulsating characteristics of flame, governing equations are rewritten in dimensionless space-time （（, r/, ~） coordinates. By solving these newly achieved governing equations and combining them, which is completely discussed in body of article, a new expression is obtained. By solving this equation, it is possible to predict initiation of instability in organic dust flame. According to the obtained results by increasing Lewis number, threshold of instability happens sooner. On the other hand, pulsating is postponed by increasing Damk6hler number, pyrolysis temperature or moisture content. Also, by considering thermal radiation effect, burning velocity predicted by our model is closer to experimental results.展开更多
With respect to the decision making problems where a lot of fuzzy and grey information always exists in the real-life decision making information system methods as fuzzy mathematics, it is difficult for such uncertain...With respect to the decision making problems where a lot of fuzzy and grey information always exists in the real-life decision making information system methods as fuzzy mathematics, it is difficult for such uncertainty probability, and interval numbers to deal with. To this end, based on the thought and method of grey numbers, grey degrees and interval numbers, the concept of dominance grey degree is defined. And then a method of ranking interval grey numbers based on the dominance grey degree is proposed. After discussing the relevant properties, the paper finally uses an example to demonstrate the effectiveness and applicability of the model. The result shows that the proposed model can more accurately describe uncertainty decision making problems, and realize the total ordering process for multiple-attribute decision-making problems.展开更多
In the case of unknown weights, theories of multi-attributed decision making based on interval numbers and grey related analysis were used to optimize mining methods. As the representative of independence for the indi...In the case of unknown weights, theories of multi-attributed decision making based on interval numbers and grey related analysis were used to optimize mining methods. As the representative of independence for the indicator, the smaller the correlation of indicators is, the greater the weight is. Hence, the weights of interval numbers of indicators were determined by using correlation coefficient. Relative closeness based on positive and negative ideal methods was calculated by introducing distance between interval numbers, which made decision making more rational and comprehensive. A new method of ranking interval numbers based on normal distribution was proposed for the optimization of mining methods, whose basic properties were discussed. Finally, the feasibility and effectiveness of this method were verified by theories and practice.展开更多
Supplier selection can be regarded as a typical multiple attribute decision-making problem. In real-world situation, the values of the alternative attributes and their weights are always being nondeterministic, and as...Supplier selection can be regarded as a typical multiple attribute decision-making problem. In real-world situation, the values of the alternative attributes and their weights are always being nondeterministic, and as a result of this, the values are considered interval numbers. In addition, the common approach to measure the similarity between alternatives through their distance suffers from some minor shortcomings. To address these problems, this study develops a novel hybrid decision-making method by combining the technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution （TOPSIS） with grey relational analysis （GRA） for supplier selection with interval numbers. By introducing the intervals theory, the extensions of Euclidean distance and grey relational grade are defined. And then a new comprehensive closeness coefficient is constituted for supplier alternatives evaluation based on the interval Euclidean distance and the interval grey relational grade, which could indicate the distance-based similarity and the shape-based similarity simultaneously. A mtmerical example is taken to validate the flexibility of the proposed method, and result shows that this method can tackle the uncertainty in real-world supplier selection and also help decision makers to effectively select optimal suppliers.展开更多
目的:探究多学科诊疗模式(multidisciplinary team,MDT)在慢性难愈合创面诊疗中的应用成效,为优化此类疾病的临床诊疗提供新思路。方法:回顾性分析2015年1月至2023年10月在北京大学第三医院接受手术治疗的慢性难愈合创面患者的临床资料...目的:探究多学科诊疗模式(multidisciplinary team,MDT)在慢性难愈合创面诊疗中的应用成效,为优化此类疾病的临床诊疗提供新思路。方法:回顾性分析2015年1月至2023年10月在北京大学第三医院接受手术治疗的慢性难愈合创面患者的临床资料,共纳入患者456例,包括男性290例,女性166例,平均年龄(49.4±16.9)岁。根据是否进行术前MDT讨论,将患者分为MDT讨论组和非MDT讨论组。MDT总体执行流程包括:启动与医务处备案、收集资料与初次MDT讨论、告知患者诊疗方案并严格执行、病情变化需再次MDT讨论。比较两组患者的一般临床资料、麻醉风险分级、合并症(高血压、糖尿病、冠心病)、慢性难愈合创面的发生病因与部位等资料的差异。治疗效果的主要观察与结局指标包括入院后达到创面愈合所需的手术次数、创面愈合后的复发率、围手术期并发症(肺部感染、严重心血管事件、静脉血栓栓塞症、脑卒中及谵妄等)的发生率、患者满意度评分等。结果:MDT讨论组患者189例,非MDT讨论组患者267例,两组患者的年龄、性别、体重指数、美国麻醉医师协会(American Society of Anesthesiologists,ASA)分级、合并症、慢性难愈合创面的病因与部位等临床资料差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。MDT讨论组与非MDT讨论组患者获得创面愈合所需的平均手术次数分别为(2.1±1.1)次与(2.8±1.6)次,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001),这种差异在糖尿病溃疡、外伤或手术后感染、放疗后不愈合等3个病因造成的慢性难愈合创面中也有统计学意义(P<0.05)。非MDT讨论组患者在创面痊愈后的复发率是18.0%,稍高于MDT讨论组的14.3%,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。在围手术期并发症方面,非MDT讨论组的发生率也较MDT讨论组高(3.7%vs.2.6%),但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。患者满意度方面,MDT讨论组的评分显著高于非MDT讨论组,差异有统计学意义(96.5 vs.91.1,P=0.028)。结论:多学科诊疗模式能够显著减少慢性难愈合创面患者的住院手术次数,提升治愈效率,提高患者满意度,是优化慢性难愈合创面临床诊疗成效的推荐模式。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11671145)the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(Grant No.18dz2271000).
文摘In this paper,large deviations principle(LDP)and moderate deviations principle(MDP)of record numbers in random walks are studied under certain conditions.The results show that the rate functions of LDP and MDP are different from those of weak record numbers,which are interesting complements of the conclusions by Li and Yao[1].
文摘TENORM Regulation in the United States of America post-West Virginia vs.EPA Spenser Lynn,Charles Wilson,Emily Caffrey1(1.University of Alabama at Birmingham,School of Health Professions,Clinical and Diagnostic Sciences,Health Physics Program,1720 University Blvd,Birmingham,AL 35294)Abstract:The regulation of technologically enhanced naturally occurring radioactive materials(TENORM)in the United States of America consists of fragmentary rules split between the federal and state governments.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (70571041).
文摘In an ambiguous decision domain, the evaluation values of alternatives against attributes would be interval numbers because of the inherent, uncertain property of the problems. By using a number of linear programming models, Bryson and Mobolurin propose an approach to compute attribute weights and overall values of the alternatives in the form of interval numbers. The intervals of the overall values of alternatives are then transformed into points or crisp values for comparisons among the alternatives. However, the attribute weights are different because of the use of linear programming models in Bryson and Mobolurin＇s approach. Thus, the alternatives are not comparable because different attribute weights are employed to calculate the overall values of the alternatives. A new approach is proposed to overcome the drawbacks of Bryson and Mobolurin＇s approach. By transforming the decision matrix with intervals into the one with crisp values, a new linear programming model is proposed, to calculate the attribute weights for conducting alternative ranking.
文摘In this work, the effect of various effective dimensionless numbers and moisture contents on initiation of instability in combustion of moisty organic dust is calculated. To have reliable model, effect of thermal radiation is taken into account. One- dimensional flame structure is divided into three zones： preheat zone, reaction zone and post-flame zone. To investigate pulsating characteristics of flame, governing equations are rewritten in dimensionless space-time （（, r/, ~） coordinates. By solving these newly achieved governing equations and combining them, which is completely discussed in body of article, a new expression is obtained. By solving this equation, it is possible to predict initiation of instability in organic dust flame. According to the obtained results by increasing Lewis number, threshold of instability happens sooner. On the other hand, pulsating is postponed by increasing Damk6hler number, pyrolysis temperature or moisture content. Also, by considering thermal radiation effect, burning velocity predicted by our model is closer to experimental results.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(7117310471171113+8 种基金70901041712712267130107571301064)the Humanities and Social Sciences of Education Ministry(12YJC630262)the Jiangsu Province University Philosophy and Social Sciences for Key Research Program(2012ZDIXM030)the Jiangsu Innovation Program for Graduate Education and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(CXLX12 0175)the Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics(NUAA)Innovation and Excellence Program for PHD Dissertation(BCXJ12-12)NUAA Program for I-U-R(NC2012006)
文摘With respect to the decision making problems where a lot of fuzzy and grey information always exists in the real-life decision making information system methods as fuzzy mathematics, it is difficult for such uncertainty probability, and interval numbers to deal with. To this end, based on the thought and method of grey numbers, grey degrees and interval numbers, the concept of dominance grey degree is defined. And then a method of ranking interval grey numbers based on the dominance grey degree is proposed. After discussing the relevant properties, the paper finally uses an example to demonstrate the effectiveness and applicability of the model. The result shows that the proposed model can more accurately describe uncertainty decision making problems, and realize the total ordering process for multiple-attribute decision-making problems.
基金Project(50774095) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(200449) supported by the National Outstanding Doctoral Dissertations Special Funds of China
文摘In the case of unknown weights, theories of multi-attributed decision making based on interval numbers and grey related analysis were used to optimize mining methods. As the representative of independence for the indicator, the smaller the correlation of indicators is, the greater the weight is. Hence, the weights of interval numbers of indicators were determined by using correlation coefficient. Relative closeness based on positive and negative ideal methods was calculated by introducing distance between interval numbers, which made decision making more rational and comprehensive. A new method of ranking interval numbers based on normal distribution was proposed for the optimization of mining methods, whose basic properties were discussed. Finally, the feasibility and effectiveness of this method were verified by theories and practice.
基金Project(51505488)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘Supplier selection can be regarded as a typical multiple attribute decision-making problem. In real-world situation, the values of the alternative attributes and their weights are always being nondeterministic, and as a result of this, the values are considered interval numbers. In addition, the common approach to measure the similarity between alternatives through their distance suffers from some minor shortcomings. To address these problems, this study develops a novel hybrid decision-making method by combining the technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution （TOPSIS） with grey relational analysis （GRA） for supplier selection with interval numbers. By introducing the intervals theory, the extensions of Euclidean distance and grey relational grade are defined. And then a new comprehensive closeness coefficient is constituted for supplier alternatives evaluation based on the interval Euclidean distance and the interval grey relational grade, which could indicate the distance-based similarity and the shape-based similarity simultaneously. A mtmerical example is taken to validate the flexibility of the proposed method, and result shows that this method can tackle the uncertainty in real-world supplier selection and also help decision makers to effectively select optimal suppliers.
文摘目的:探究多学科诊疗模式(multidisciplinary team,MDT)在慢性难愈合创面诊疗中的应用成效,为优化此类疾病的临床诊疗提供新思路。方法:回顾性分析2015年1月至2023年10月在北京大学第三医院接受手术治疗的慢性难愈合创面患者的临床资料,共纳入患者456例,包括男性290例,女性166例,平均年龄(49.4±16.9)岁。根据是否进行术前MDT讨论,将患者分为MDT讨论组和非MDT讨论组。MDT总体执行流程包括:启动与医务处备案、收集资料与初次MDT讨论、告知患者诊疗方案并严格执行、病情变化需再次MDT讨论。比较两组患者的一般临床资料、麻醉风险分级、合并症(高血压、糖尿病、冠心病)、慢性难愈合创面的发生病因与部位等资料的差异。治疗效果的主要观察与结局指标包括入院后达到创面愈合所需的手术次数、创面愈合后的复发率、围手术期并发症(肺部感染、严重心血管事件、静脉血栓栓塞症、脑卒中及谵妄等)的发生率、患者满意度评分等。结果:MDT讨论组患者189例,非MDT讨论组患者267例,两组患者的年龄、性别、体重指数、美国麻醉医师协会(American Society of Anesthesiologists,ASA)分级、合并症、慢性难愈合创面的病因与部位等临床资料差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。MDT讨论组与非MDT讨论组患者获得创面愈合所需的平均手术次数分别为(2.1±1.1)次与(2.8±1.6)次,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001),这种差异在糖尿病溃疡、外伤或手术后感染、放疗后不愈合等3个病因造成的慢性难愈合创面中也有统计学意义(P<0.05)。非MDT讨论组患者在创面痊愈后的复发率是18.0%,稍高于MDT讨论组的14.3%,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。在围手术期并发症方面,非MDT讨论组的发生率也较MDT讨论组高(3.7%vs.2.6%),但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。患者满意度方面,MDT讨论组的评分显著高于非MDT讨论组,差异有统计学意义(96.5 vs.91.1,P=0.028)。结论:多学科诊疗模式能够显著减少慢性难愈合创面患者的住院手术次数,提升治愈效率,提高患者满意度,是优化慢性难愈合创面临床诊疗成效的推荐模式。
