Non-metallic inclusions,especially the large ones,within P/M Ni-base superalloy have a major influence on fatigue characteristics,but are not directly measurable by routine inspection.In this paper,a method,automatic ...Non-metallic inclusions,especially the large ones,within P/M Ni-base superalloy have a major influence on fatigue characteristics,but are not directly measurable by routine inspection.In this paper,a method,automatic image analysis,is proposed for estimation of the content,size and amount of non-metallic inclusions in superalloy.The methodology for the practical application of this method is described and the factors affecting the precision of the estimation are discussed.In the experiment,the characteristics of the non-metallic inclusions in Ni-base P/M superalloy are analyzed.展开更多
Chemical inclusions significantly alter shock responses of crystalline explosives in macroscale gap experiments but their microscale dynamics origin remains unclear.Herein shock-induced energy localization,overall phy...Chemical inclusions significantly alter shock responses of crystalline explosives in macroscale gap experiments but their microscale dynamics origin remains unclear.Herein shock-induced energy localization,overall physical responses,and reactions in a-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazinane(a-RDX)crystal entrained various chemical inclusions were investigated by the multi-scale shock technique implemented in the reactive molecular dynamics method.Results indicated that energy localization and shock reaction were affected by the intrinsic factors within chemical inclusions,i.e.,phase states,chemical compositions,and concentrations.The atomic origin of chemical-inclusions effects on energy localization is dependent on the dynamics mechanism of interfacial molecules with free space volume,which includes homogeneous intermolecular compression,interfacial impact and shear,and void collapse and jet.As introducing various chemical inclusions,the initiation of those dynamics mechanisms triggers diverse decay rates of bulk RDX molecules and hereby impacts on growth speeds of final reactions.Adding chemical inclusions can reduce the effectiveness of the void during the shock impacting.Under the shockwave velocity of 9 km/s,the parent RDX decay rate in RDX entrained amorphous carbon decreases the most and is about one fourth of that in RDX with a vacuum void,and solid HMX and TATB inclusions are more reactive than amorphous carbon but less reactive than dry air or acetone inclusions.The lessdense shocking system denotes the greater increases in local temperature and stress,the faster energy liberation,and the earlier final reaction into equilibrium,revealing more pronounced responses to the present intense shockwave.The quantitative models associated with the relative system density(RD_(sys))were proposed for indicating energy-localization mechanisms and evaluating initiation safety in the shocked crystalline explosive.RD_(sys)is defined by the density ratio of defective RDX to perfect crystal after dynamics relaxation and reveals the global density characteristic in shocked systems filled with chemical inclusions.When RD_(sys)is below 0.9,local hydrodynamic jet initiated by void collapse dominates upon energy localization instead of interfacial impact.This study sheds light on novel insights for understanding the shock chemistry and physical-based atomic origin in crystalline explosives considering chemical-inclusions effects.展开更多
A model is proposed to evaluate the,effective modufi of a composite reinforced by two-layered spherical inclusions.This model is based on the localisation problem of a two- layered spherical inclusion embedded in an i...A model is proposed to evaluate the,effective modufi of a composite reinforced by two-layered spherical inclusions.This model is based on the localisation problem of a two- layered spherical inclusion embedded in an infinite matrix.The interations of the reinforced phases are taken into account by using the average matrix stress concept.When the external layer vanishes,the proposed model reduces to the classical Mori-Tanaka's model for spherical inclusions.Theoretical results for the composite of polyester matrix filled by hollow glass spheres and voids show excellent agreement with experimental results.展开更多
We re-evaluate the Raman spectroscopic quantification of the molar ratio and pressure for CH4–CO2 mixtures.Firstly,the Raman quantification factors of CH4 and CO2 increase with rising pressure at room temperature,ind...We re-evaluate the Raman spectroscopic quantification of the molar ratio and pressure for CH4–CO2 mixtures.Firstly,the Raman quantification factors of CH4 and CO2 increase with rising pressure at room temperature,indicating that Raman quantification of CH4/CO2 molar ratio can be applied to those fluid inclusions(FIs)with high internal pressure(i.e.,>15 MPa).Secondly,the v1(CH4)peak position shifts to lower wavenumber with increasing pressure at constant temperature,confirming that the v1(CH4)peak position can be used to calculate the fluid pressure.However,this method should be carefully calibrated before applying to FI analyses because large discrepancies exist among the reported v1(CH4)-P curves,especially in the highpressure range.These calibrations are applied to CH4-rich FIs in quartz veins of the Silurian Longmaxi black shales in southern Sichuan Basin.The vapor phases of these FIs are mainly composed of CH4 and minor CO2,with CO2 molar fractions from4.4%to 7.4%.The pressure of single-phase gas FI ranges from 103.65 to 128.35 MPa at room temperature,which is higher than previously reported.Thermodynamic calculations supported the presence of extremely high-pressure CH4-saturated fluid(218.03–256.82 MPa at 200°C),which may be responsible for the expulsion of CH4 to adjacent reservoirs.展开更多
The inclusions in large diamond single crystals have effects on its ultimate performance, which restricts its industrial applications to a great extent. Therefore, it is necessary to study the inclusions systematicall...The inclusions in large diamond single crystals have effects on its ultimate performance, which restricts its industrial applications to a great extent. Therefore, it is necessary to study the inclusions systematically. In this paper, large diamond single crystals with different content values of inclusions are synthesized along the(100) surface by the temperature gradient method(TGM) under 5.6 GPa at different temperatures. With the synthetic temperature changing from 1200?C to 1270?C,the shapes of diamonds change from plate to low tower, to high tower, even to steeple. From the microscopic photographs of the diamond samples, it can be observed that with the shapes of the samples changing at different temperatures, the content values of inclusions in diamonds become zero, a little, much and most, correspondingly. Consequently, with the temperature growing from low to high, the content values of inclusions in crystals increase. The origin of inclusions is explained by the difference in growth rate between diamond crystal and its surface. The content values of inclusions in diamond samples are quantitatively calculated by testing the densities of diamond samples. And the composition and inclusion content are analyzed by energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS) and x-ray diffraction(XRD). From contrasting scanning electron microscopy(SEM) photographs, it can be found that the more the inclusions in diamond, the more imperfect the diamond surface is.展开更多
In this paper, we study some new systems of generalized quasi-variational inclusion problems in FC-spaces without convexity structure.By applying an existence theorem of maximal elements of set-valued mappings due to ...In this paper, we study some new systems of generalized quasi-variational inclusion problems in FC-spaces without convexity structure.By applying an existence theorem of maximal elements of set-valued mappings due to the author, some new existence theorems of solutions for the systems of generalized quasi-variational inclusion problems are proved in noncompact FC-spaces. As applications, some existence results of solutions for the system of quasi-optimization problems and mathematical programs with the systems of generalized quasi-variational inclusion constraints are obtained in FC-spaces.展开更多
A two-dimensional phononic crystal （PC） structure possessing a relatively low frequency range of complete bandgap is presented. The structure is composed of periodic spindle-shaped plumbum inclusions in a rubber mat...A two-dimensional phononic crystal （PC） structure possessing a relatively low frequency range of complete bandgap is presented. The structure is composed of periodic spindle-shaped plumbum inclusions in a rubber matrix which forms a square lattice. The dispersion relation, transmission spectrum and displacement field are studied using the finite element method in conjunction with the Bloch theorem. Numerical results show that the present PC structure can achieve a large complete bandgap in a relatively low frequency range compared with two inclusions of different materials, which is useful in low-frequency noise and vibration control and can be designed as a low frequency acoustic filter and waveguides. Moreover, the transmission spectrum and effective mass are evaluated to validate the obtained band structure. It is interesting to see that within the band gap the effective mass becomes negative, resulting in an imaginary wave speed and wave exponential attenuation. Finally, sensitivity analysis of the effect of geometrical parameters of the presented PC structure on the lowest bandgap is performed to investigate the variations of the bandgap width and frequency.展开更多
Using Bressan-Colombo results, concerning the existence of continuous selections of lower semicontinuous multifunctions with decomposable values, we prove a continuous version of Filippov＇s theorem for a fractional i...Using Bressan-Colombo results, concerning the existence of continuous selections of lower semicontinuous multifunctions with decomposable values, we prove a continuous version of Filippov＇s theorem for a fractional integro-differential inclusion involving Caputo＇s fractional derivative. This result allows us to obtain a continuous selection of the solution set of the problem considered.展开更多
This paper calculates light scattering by a spherical water particle containing densely packed inclusions at a visible wavelength 0.55 μm by a combination of ray-tracing and Monte Carlo techniques. While the individu...This paper calculates light scattering by a spherical water particle containing densely packed inclusions at a visible wavelength 0.55 μm by a combination of ray-tracing and Monte Carlo techniques. While the individual reflection and refraction events at the outer boundary of a sphere particle are considered by a ray-tracing program, the Monte Carlo routine simulates internal scattering processes. The main advantage of this method is that the shape of the particle can be arbitrary, and multiple scattering can be considered in the internal scattering processes. A dense-medium light-scattering theory based on the introduction of the static structure factor is used to calculate the phase function and asymmetry parameters for densely packed inclusions. Numerical results of the single scattering characteristics for a sphere containing multiple densely packed inclusions are given.展开更多
We deal with anti-periodic problems for differential inclusions with nonmonotone perturbations. The main tools in our study are the maximal monotone property of the derivative operator with anti-periodic conditions an...We deal with anti-periodic problems for differential inclusions with nonmonotone perturbations. The main tools in our study are the maximal monotone property of the derivative operator with anti-periodic conditions and the theory of pseudomonotone perturbations of maximal monotone mappings. We then apply our results to evolution hemivariational inequalities and parabolic equations with nonmonotone discontinuities, which generalize and extend previously known theorems.展开更多
A homogenization theory is developed to predict the influence of spherical inclusions on the effective thermoelectric properties of thermoelectric composite materials based on the general principles of thermodynamics ...A homogenization theory is developed to predict the influence of spherical inclusions on the effective thermoelectric properties of thermoelectric composite materials based on the general principles of thermodynamics and Mori-Tanaka method.The closed-form solutions of effective Seebeck coefficient,electric conductivity,heat conductivity,and figure of merit for such thermoelectric materials are obtained by solving the nonlinear coupled transport equations of electricity and heat.It is found that the effective figure of merit of thermoelectric material containing spherical inclusions can be higher than that of each constituent in the absence of size effect and interface effect.Some interesting examples of actual thermoelectric composites with spherical inclusions,such as insulated cavities,inclusions subjected to conductive electric and heat exchange and thermoelectric inclusions,are considered,and the numerical results lead to the conclusion that considerable enhancement of the effective figure of merit is achievable by introducing inclusions.In this paper,we provide a theoretical foundation for analytically and computationally treating the thermoelectric composites with more complicated inclusion structures,and thus pointing out a new route to their design and optimization.展开更多
The new recently demonstrated reserves of oil and gas in the Ordos basin are found at the top of petroliferous basins in China. Gas pools discovered in recent years in the Permian system have become the main natural g...The new recently demonstrated reserves of oil and gas in the Ordos basin are found at the top of petroliferous basins in China. Gas pools discovered in recent years in the Permian system have become the main natural gas resource in the basin. Therefore, synthetic research on fluid inclusions should be done in order to ascertain the pool-forming stage, the maturity of organic matters and the properties of Paleo-fluids. The main types of fluid inclusions in the Permian system in the basin include brine inclusions, carbon dioxide inclusions and organic inclusions. Homogenization temperatures （HT） of brine inclusions can be divided into four intervals： 66-83 ℃, 86-108 ℃, 112-138 ℃ and 142-153℃. The fluid inclusions in the interval of 112-138 ℃ are much more than that of other intervals, indicating that the second stage of hydrocarbon migration associated with the third temperature interval is the most important stage of gas pool formations. The fluid inclusion has extensive applications in the study of gas geology, not only in ascertaining the formation stage of gas pools, but also in estimating the maturity of organic matter and restoring Paleo-fluids. The result of testing the HT of brine inclusions shows that there are two stages of gas pool formations in the Permian system occurring ＋150 Ma and ±100 Ma. The maturity of organic matter is moderate to high, a conclusion based on the color of fluid inclusions （radiated by fluorescence）. The high salinity of Paleo-fluids of the NaCI-H2O and CaCl2-H2O systems shows good preservation conditions of the Paleo-fluids. Two stages of reservoir filling, high maturity of organic matter and good preservation conditions are factors favorable for the formation and preservation of large-scale gas pools in the Permian system in the Ordos basin.展开更多
With the development of artificial intelligence,stiffness sensors are extensively utilized in various fields,and their integration with robots for automated palpation has gained significant attention.This study presen...With the development of artificial intelligence,stiffness sensors are extensively utilized in various fields,and their integration with robots for automated palpation has gained significant attention.This study presents a broad range self-powered stiffness sensor based on the triboelectric nanogenerator(Stiff-TENG)for variable inclusions in soft objects detection.The Stiff-TENG employs a stacked structure comprising an indium tin oxide film,an elastic sponge,a fluorinated ethylene propylene film with a conductive ink electrode,and two acrylic pieces with a shielding layer.Through the decoupling method,the Stiff-TENG achieves stiffness detection of objects within 1.0 s.The output performance and characteristics of the TENG for different stiffness objects under 4 mm displacement are analyzed.The Stiff-TENG is successfully used to detect the heterogeneous stiffness structures,enabling effective recognition of variable inclusions in soft object,reaching a recognition accuracy of 99.7%.Furthermore,its adaptability makes it well-suited for the detection of pathological conditions within the human body,as pathological tissues often exhibit changes in the stiffness of internal organs.This research highlights the innovative applications of TENG and thereby showcases its immense potential in healthcare applications such as palpation which assesses pathological conditions based on organ stiffness.展开更多
In this paper, we first introduce a new class of generalized accretive operators named （H,η）-accretive in Banach space. By studying the properties of （H,η）-accretive, we extend the concept of resolvent operators...In this paper, we first introduce a new class of generalized accretive operators named （H,η）-accretive in Banach space. By studying the properties of （H,η）-accretive, we extend the concept of resolvent operators associated with m-accretive operators to the new （H,η）-accretive operators. In terms of the new resolvent operator technique, we prove the existence and uniqueness of solutions for this new system of variational inclusions. We also construct a new algorithm for approximating the solution of this system and discuss the convergence of the sequence of iterates generated by the algorithm.展开更多
Cenozoic basalts in the eastern part of Liaoning-Jilin contain abundant mantle-derived inclusions. The rock types of the ultramafic inclusions are composed mostly of spinel lherzolite and a few websterites. In order t...Cenozoic basalts in the eastern part of Liaoning-Jilin contain abundant mantle-derived inclusions. The rock types of the ultramafic inclusions are composed mostly of spinel lherzolite and a few websterites. In order to study the origin of inclusions, the concnetrations of several trace elements have been measured in samples by NAA. According to geochemical characteristics of trace elements, there are two types of spinel Iherzolite inclusions. The first type is refractory residues left after partial melting of the upper mantle and the second type is metasomatizing refractory residues. The websterites inclusions formed by segregation of basaltic melt derived from high degree of melting of mantle source rocks.展开更多
This paper focuses on the micro-beam and trace element non-destructive experiment and analytical method of mineral fluid inclusions by synchrotron radiation X-ray fluorescence （SRXRF） microprobe at Beijing Synchrotr...This paper focuses on the micro-beam and trace element non-destructive experiment and analytical method of mineral fluid inclusions by synchrotron radiation X-ray fluorescence （SRXRF） microprobe at Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility （BSRF）. The experimental instrument, measurement process and calculating method are introduced. A set of oil- and gas-containing typical mineral fluid inclusions taken from the Tazhong and Lunnan oilfields in the Tarim Basin were analyzed non-destructively. The trace element contents in the fluid inclusions may provide guidance for oil and gas exploration and development.展开更多
In this paper we discuss tLhe existence results of the integral solutions to nonlinear evolution inclusion: u' (t) ∈ Au(t) +F(t,u(t)), where A is m-dissipative and F is a set valued map in separable Banach spaces...In this paper we discuss tLhe existence results of the integral solutions to nonlinear evolution inclusion: u' (t) ∈ Au(t) +F(t,u(t)), where A is m-dissipative and F is a set valued map in separable Banach spaces, and extend the relative results in references.展开更多
We discuss the set-valued dynamics related to the theory of functional equations.We look for selections of convex set-valued functions satisfying set-valued Euler-Lagrange inclusions.We improve and extend upon some of...We discuss the set-valued dynamics related to the theory of functional equations.We look for selections of convex set-valued functions satisfying set-valued Euler-Lagrange inclusions.We improve and extend upon some of the results in[13,20],but under weaker assumptions.Some applications of our results are also provided.展开更多
Flour serves as one of the primary ingredients of cookies,which affects dough properties,physical changes during baking,and post-baking cookie properties.Two gluten-free cookie formulations were developed with the goa...Flour serves as one of the primary ingredients of cookies,which affects dough properties,physical changes during baking,and post-baking cookie properties.Two gluten-free cookie formulations were developed with the goal of use as inclusions in frozen desserts.Blonde and chocolate cookies were made with sorghum flour or all-purpose wheat flour and then evaluated for physical and chemical properties.To determine functionality in a frozen state,texture analysis was conducted on cookies at−30℃,−17°C,and 20℃,replicating various ice cream storage temperatures.To simulate the process effect of incorporating the product into a frozen dessert,cookies were crumbled mechanically,and the crumbles were separated based on size.When evaluating cookies,no significant differences(P<0.05)were observed in width(W),thickness(T),spread,and W/T ratio for flour source within formula.Blonde cookies had lower moisture contents than chocolate cookies;further,blonde cookies made from sorghum flour had less moisture than those made with wheat flour.As the cookie temperature decreased from 20℃to−17℃,cookie hardness increased,with flour type having no effect.Within formula,cookies had similar instrumental color parameters.However,blonde cookies made from sorghum flour produced more smaller-sized pieces than those made from wheat flour.The results of this study demonstrate that sorghum flour cookies have desirable properties for use as inclusions in ice cream and other frozen desserts.展开更多
In this paper,a perturbed iterative algorithm for finding approximate solutions of variational inclusions for fuzzy mapping,is presented and a convergence result which includes,as a special case,some known results in ...In this paper,a perturbed iterative algorithm for finding approximate solutions of variational inclusions for fuzzy mapping,is presented and a convergence result which includes,as a special case,some known results in this field,is given.展开更多
文摘Non-metallic inclusions,especially the large ones,within P/M Ni-base superalloy have a major influence on fatigue characteristics,but are not directly measurable by routine inspection.In this paper,a method,automatic image analysis,is proposed for estimation of the content,size and amount of non-metallic inclusions in superalloy.The methodology for the practical application of this method is described and the factors affecting the precision of the estimation are discussed.In the experiment,the characteristics of the non-metallic inclusions in Ni-base P/M superalloy are analyzed.
基金the financial support from National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11872119,12172051,and 11972329)Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province(Grant No.2021CFB120)。
文摘Chemical inclusions significantly alter shock responses of crystalline explosives in macroscale gap experiments but their microscale dynamics origin remains unclear.Herein shock-induced energy localization,overall physical responses,and reactions in a-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazinane(a-RDX)crystal entrained various chemical inclusions were investigated by the multi-scale shock technique implemented in the reactive molecular dynamics method.Results indicated that energy localization and shock reaction were affected by the intrinsic factors within chemical inclusions,i.e.,phase states,chemical compositions,and concentrations.The atomic origin of chemical-inclusions effects on energy localization is dependent on the dynamics mechanism of interfacial molecules with free space volume,which includes homogeneous intermolecular compression,interfacial impact and shear,and void collapse and jet.As introducing various chemical inclusions,the initiation of those dynamics mechanisms triggers diverse decay rates of bulk RDX molecules and hereby impacts on growth speeds of final reactions.Adding chemical inclusions can reduce the effectiveness of the void during the shock impacting.Under the shockwave velocity of 9 km/s,the parent RDX decay rate in RDX entrained amorphous carbon decreases the most and is about one fourth of that in RDX with a vacuum void,and solid HMX and TATB inclusions are more reactive than amorphous carbon but less reactive than dry air or acetone inclusions.The lessdense shocking system denotes the greater increases in local temperature and stress,the faster energy liberation,and the earlier final reaction into equilibrium,revealing more pronounced responses to the present intense shockwave.The quantitative models associated with the relative system density(RD_(sys))were proposed for indicating energy-localization mechanisms and evaluating initiation safety in the shocked crystalline explosive.RD_(sys)is defined by the density ratio of defective RDX to perfect crystal after dynamics relaxation and reveals the global density characteristic in shocked systems filled with chemical inclusions.When RD_(sys)is below 0.9,local hydrodynamic jet initiated by void collapse dominates upon energy localization instead of interfacial impact.This study sheds light on novel insights for understanding the shock chemistry and physical-based atomic origin in crystalline explosives considering chemical-inclusions effects.
文摘A model is proposed to evaluate the,effective modufi of a composite reinforced by two-layered spherical inclusions.This model is based on the localisation problem of a two- layered spherical inclusion embedded in an infinite matrix.The interations of the reinforced phases are taken into account by using the average matrix stress concept.When the external layer vanishes,the proposed model reduces to the classical Mori-Tanaka's model for spherical inclusions.Theoretical results for the composite of polyester matrix filled by hollow glass spheres and voids show excellent agreement with experimental results.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.41922023 and 41830425)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant Nos.020614380056 and 020614380078).
文摘We re-evaluate the Raman spectroscopic quantification of the molar ratio and pressure for CH4–CO2 mixtures.Firstly,the Raman quantification factors of CH4 and CO2 increase with rising pressure at room temperature,indicating that Raman quantification of CH4/CO2 molar ratio can be applied to those fluid inclusions(FIs)with high internal pressure(i.e.,>15 MPa).Secondly,the v1(CH4)peak position shifts to lower wavenumber with increasing pressure at constant temperature,confirming that the v1(CH4)peak position can be used to calculate the fluid pressure.However,this method should be carefully calibrated before applying to FI analyses because large discrepancies exist among the reported v1(CH4)-P curves,especially in the highpressure range.These calibrations are applied to CH4-rich FIs in quartz veins of the Silurian Longmaxi black shales in southern Sichuan Basin.The vapor phases of these FIs are mainly composed of CH4 and minor CO2,with CO2 molar fractions from4.4%to 7.4%.The pressure of single-phase gas FI ranges from 103.65 to 128.35 MPa at room temperature,which is higher than previously reported.Thermodynamic calculations supported the presence of extremely high-pressure CH4-saturated fluid(218.03–256.82 MPa at 200°C),which may be responsible for the expulsion of CH4 to adjacent reservoirs.
基金Project supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province,China(Grant No.182300410279)the Key Science and Technology Research Project of Henan Province,China(Grant No.182102210311)+2 种基金the Key Scientific Research Project in Colleges and Universities of Henan Province,China(Grant No.18A430017)the Professional Practice Demonstration Base Program for Professional Degree Graduate in Material Engineering of Henan Polytechnic University,China(Grant No.2016YJD03)the Fund for the Innovative Research Team(in Science and Technology)in the University of Henan Province,China(Grant No.19IRTSTHN027)
文摘The inclusions in large diamond single crystals have effects on its ultimate performance, which restricts its industrial applications to a great extent. Therefore, it is necessary to study the inclusions systematically. In this paper, large diamond single crystals with different content values of inclusions are synthesized along the(100) surface by the temperature gradient method(TGM) under 5.6 GPa at different temperatures. With the synthetic temperature changing from 1200?C to 1270?C,the shapes of diamonds change from plate to low tower, to high tower, even to steeple. From the microscopic photographs of the diamond samples, it can be observed that with the shapes of the samples changing at different temperatures, the content values of inclusions in diamonds become zero, a little, much and most, correspondingly. Consequently, with the temperature growing from low to high, the content values of inclusions in crystals increase. The origin of inclusions is explained by the difference in growth rate between diamond crystal and its surface. The content values of inclusions in diamond samples are quantitatively calculated by testing the densities of diamond samples. And the composition and inclusion content are analyzed by energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS) and x-ray diffraction(XRD). From contrasting scanning electron microscopy(SEM) photographs, it can be found that the more the inclusions in diamond, the more imperfect the diamond surface is.
基金supported by the Scientific Research Fun of Sichuan Normal University(09ZDL04)the Sichuan Province Leading Academic Discipline Project(SZD0406)
文摘In this paper, we study some new systems of generalized quasi-variational inclusion problems in FC-spaces without convexity structure.By applying an existence theorem of maximal elements of set-valued mappings due to the author, some new existence theorems of solutions for the systems of generalized quasi-variational inclusion problems are proved in noncompact FC-spaces. As applications, some existence results of solutions for the system of quasi-optimization problems and mathematical programs with the systems of generalized quasi-variational inclusion constraints are obtained in FC-spaces.
文摘A two-dimensional phononic crystal （PC） structure possessing a relatively low frequency range of complete bandgap is presented. The structure is composed of periodic spindle-shaped plumbum inclusions in a rubber matrix which forms a square lattice. The dispersion relation, transmission spectrum and displacement field are studied using the finite element method in conjunction with the Bloch theorem. Numerical results show that the present PC structure can achieve a large complete bandgap in a relatively low frequency range compared with two inclusions of different materials, which is useful in low-frequency noise and vibration control and can be designed as a low frequency acoustic filter and waveguides. Moreover, the transmission spectrum and effective mass are evaluated to validate the obtained band structure. It is interesting to see that within the band gap the effective mass becomes negative, resulting in an imaginary wave speed and wave exponential attenuation. Finally, sensitivity analysis of the effect of geometrical parameters of the presented PC structure on the lowest bandgap is performed to investigate the variations of the bandgap width and frequency.
基金supported by CNCS grant PN-II-ID-PCE-2011-3-0198
文摘Using Bressan-Colombo results, concerning the existence of continuous selections of lower semicontinuous multifunctions with decomposable values, we prove a continuous version of Filippov＇s theorem for a fractional integro-differential inclusion involving Caputo＇s fractional derivative. This result allows us to obtain a continuous selection of the solution set of the problem considered.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No 60877050)
文摘This paper calculates light scattering by a spherical water particle containing densely packed inclusions at a visible wavelength 0.55 μm by a combination of ray-tracing and Monte Carlo techniques. While the individual reflection and refraction events at the outer boundary of a sphere particle are considered by a ray-tracing program, the Monte Carlo routine simulates internal scattering processes. The main advantage of this method is that the shape of the particle can be arbitrary, and multiple scattering can be considered in the internal scattering processes. A dense-medium light-scattering theory based on the introduction of the static structure factor is used to calculate the phase function and asymmetry parameters for densely packed inclusions. Numerical results of the single scattering characteristics for a sphere containing multiple densely packed inclusions are given.
文摘We deal with anti-periodic problems for differential inclusions with nonmonotone perturbations. The main tools in our study are the maximal monotone property of the derivative operator with anti-periodic conditions and the theory of pseudomonotone perturbations of maximal monotone mappings. We then apply our results to evolution hemivariational inequalities and parabolic equations with nonmonotone discontinuities, which generalize and extend previously known theorems.
基金Project supported by the Ningbo Natural Science Foundation,China(Grant Nos.2019A610151 and 2018A610081)the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province,China(Grant Nos.LY17A020001 and LY20A020002)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11402063)the K C Wong Magna Fund in Ningbo University,China.
文摘A homogenization theory is developed to predict the influence of spherical inclusions on the effective thermoelectric properties of thermoelectric composite materials based on the general principles of thermodynamics and Mori-Tanaka method.The closed-form solutions of effective Seebeck coefficient,electric conductivity,heat conductivity,and figure of merit for such thermoelectric materials are obtained by solving the nonlinear coupled transport equations of electricity and heat.It is found that the effective figure of merit of thermoelectric material containing spherical inclusions can be higher than that of each constituent in the absence of size effect and interface effect.Some interesting examples of actual thermoelectric composites with spherical inclusions,such as insulated cavities,inclusions subjected to conductive electric and heat exchange and thermoelectric inclusions,are considered,and the numerical results lead to the conclusion that considerable enhancement of the effective figure of merit is achievable by introducing inclusions.In this paper,we provide a theoretical foundation for analytically and computationally treating the thermoelectric composites with more complicated inclusion structures,and thus pointing out a new route to their design and optimization.
基金Project 2003CB214603 supported by the Development Plan of the State Key Fundamental Research, China
文摘The new recently demonstrated reserves of oil and gas in the Ordos basin are found at the top of petroliferous basins in China. Gas pools discovered in recent years in the Permian system have become the main natural gas resource in the basin. Therefore, synthetic research on fluid inclusions should be done in order to ascertain the pool-forming stage, the maturity of organic matters and the properties of Paleo-fluids. The main types of fluid inclusions in the Permian system in the basin include brine inclusions, carbon dioxide inclusions and organic inclusions. Homogenization temperatures （HT） of brine inclusions can be divided into four intervals： 66-83 ℃, 86-108 ℃, 112-138 ℃ and 142-153℃. The fluid inclusions in the interval of 112-138 ℃ are much more than that of other intervals, indicating that the second stage of hydrocarbon migration associated with the third temperature interval is the most important stage of gas pool formations. The fluid inclusion has extensive applications in the study of gas geology, not only in ascertaining the formation stage of gas pools, but also in estimating the maturity of organic matter and restoring Paleo-fluids. The result of testing the HT of brine inclusions shows that there are two stages of gas pool formations in the Permian system occurring ＋150 Ma and ±100 Ma. The maturity of organic matter is moderate to high, a conclusion based on the color of fluid inclusions （radiated by fluorescence）. The high salinity of Paleo-fluids of the NaCI-H2O and CaCl2-H2O systems shows good preservation conditions of the Paleo-fluids. Two stages of reservoir filling, high maturity of organic matter and good preservation conditions are factors favorable for the formation and preservation of large-scale gas pools in the Permian system in the Ordos basin.
基金This work is supported by the grant from the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grants 62104125 and 62311530102,Guangdong Innovative and Entrepreneurial Research Team Program(2021ZT09L197)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2020A1515110887)+1 种基金Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School-Shenzhen Pengrui Young Faculty Program of Shenzhen Pengrui Foundation(No.SZPR2023005)Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(JCYJ20220530143013030).
文摘With the development of artificial intelligence,stiffness sensors are extensively utilized in various fields,and their integration with robots for automated palpation has gained significant attention.This study presents a broad range self-powered stiffness sensor based on the triboelectric nanogenerator(Stiff-TENG)for variable inclusions in soft objects detection.The Stiff-TENG employs a stacked structure comprising an indium tin oxide film,an elastic sponge,a fluorinated ethylene propylene film with a conductive ink electrode,and two acrylic pieces with a shielding layer.Through the decoupling method,the Stiff-TENG achieves stiffness detection of objects within 1.0 s.The output performance and characteristics of the TENG for different stiffness objects under 4 mm displacement are analyzed.The Stiff-TENG is successfully used to detect the heterogeneous stiffness structures,enabling effective recognition of variable inclusions in soft object,reaching a recognition accuracy of 99.7%.Furthermore,its adaptability makes it well-suited for the detection of pathological conditions within the human body,as pathological tissues often exhibit changes in the stiffness of internal organs.This research highlights the innovative applications of TENG and thereby showcases its immense potential in healthcare applications such as palpation which assesses pathological conditions based on organ stiffness.
文摘In this paper, we first introduce a new class of generalized accretive operators named （H,η）-accretive in Banach space. By studying the properties of （H,η）-accretive, we extend the concept of resolvent operators associated with m-accretive operators to the new （H,η）-accretive operators. In terms of the new resolvent operator technique, we prove the existence and uniqueness of solutions for this new system of variational inclusions. We also construct a new algorithm for approximating the solution of this system and discuss the convergence of the sequence of iterates generated by the algorithm.
文摘Cenozoic basalts in the eastern part of Liaoning-Jilin contain abundant mantle-derived inclusions. The rock types of the ultramafic inclusions are composed mostly of spinel lherzolite and a few websterites. In order to study the origin of inclusions, the concnetrations of several trace elements have been measured in samples by NAA. According to geochemical characteristics of trace elements, there are two types of spinel Iherzolite inclusions. The first type is refractory residues left after partial melting of the upper mantle and the second type is metasomatizing refractory residues. The websterites inclusions formed by segregation of basaltic melt derived from high degree of melting of mantle source rocks.
文摘This paper focuses on the micro-beam and trace element non-destructive experiment and analytical method of mineral fluid inclusions by synchrotron radiation X-ray fluorescence （SRXRF） microprobe at Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility （BSRF）. The experimental instrument, measurement process and calculating method are introduced. A set of oil- and gas-containing typical mineral fluid inclusions taken from the Tazhong and Lunnan oilfields in the Tarim Basin were analyzed non-destructively. The trace element contents in the fluid inclusions may provide guidance for oil and gas exploration and development.
文摘In this paper we discuss tLhe existence results of the integral solutions to nonlinear evolution inclusion: u' (t) ∈ Au(t) +F(t,u(t)), where A is m-dissipative and F is a set valued map in separable Banach spaces, and extend the relative results in references.
文摘We discuss the set-valued dynamics related to the theory of functional equations.We look for selections of convex set-valued functions satisfying set-valued Euler-Lagrange inclusions.We improve and extend upon some of the results in[13,20],but under weaker assumptions.Some applications of our results are also provided.
基金The authors would like to extend an expression of gratitude to the USDA for analyzing particle sizes on the two flour samples.Masters'candidate Janae Brown in the Food Science Institute at Kansas State University(Manhattan,KS,USA)assisted in taking pictures for this publication.The authors acknowledge support from the Kansas State University Research and Extension,publication number 23-087-J.Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S.Department of Agriculture.The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer.This work was supported in part by the U.S.Department of Agriculture,Agricultural Research Service.
文摘Flour serves as one of the primary ingredients of cookies,which affects dough properties,physical changes during baking,and post-baking cookie properties.Two gluten-free cookie formulations were developed with the goal of use as inclusions in frozen desserts.Blonde and chocolate cookies were made with sorghum flour or all-purpose wheat flour and then evaluated for physical and chemical properties.To determine functionality in a frozen state,texture analysis was conducted on cookies at−30℃,−17°C,and 20℃,replicating various ice cream storage temperatures.To simulate the process effect of incorporating the product into a frozen dessert,cookies were crumbled mechanically,and the crumbles were separated based on size.When evaluating cookies,no significant differences(P<0.05)were observed in width(W),thickness(T),spread,and W/T ratio for flour source within formula.Blonde cookies had lower moisture contents than chocolate cookies;further,blonde cookies made from sorghum flour had less moisture than those made with wheat flour.As the cookie temperature decreased from 20℃to−17℃,cookie hardness increased,with flour type having no effect.Within formula,cookies had similar instrumental color parameters.However,blonde cookies made from sorghum flour produced more smaller-sized pieces than those made from wheat flour.The results of this study demonstrate that sorghum flour cookies have desirable properties for use as inclusions in ice cream and other frozen desserts.
文摘In this paper,a perturbed iterative algorithm for finding approximate solutions of variational inclusions for fuzzy mapping,is presented and a convergence result which includes,as a special case,some known results in this field,is given.
