Switching expansion reduction(SER)uses a switch valve instead of the throttle valve to realize electronically controlled pressure reduction for high pressure pneumatics.A comprehensive and interactive pneumatic simula...Switching expansion reduction(SER)uses a switch valve instead of the throttle valve to realize electronically controlled pressure reduction for high pressure pneumatics.A comprehensive and interactive pneumatic simulation model according to the experimental setup of SER has been built.The mathematical model considers heat exchanges,source air pressure and temperature,environmental temperatures and heat transfer coefficients variations.In addition,the compensation for real gas effect is used in the model building.The comparison between experiments and simulations of SER indicates that,to compensate the real gas effect in high pressure discharging process,the thermal capacity of air supply container in simulation should be less than the actual value.The higher the pressure range,the greater the deviation.Simulated and experimental results are highly consistent within pressure reduction ratios ranging from 1.4 to 20 and output air mass flow rates ranging from 3.5 to 132 g/s,which verifies the high adaptability of SER and the validity of the mathematic model and the compensation method.展开更多
Aim Reduction of Sheng-Nao-Kang decoction （RSNK）, is a modified traditional Chinese medicinal formula of Sheng-Nao-Kang pill preparation, which is protective in rats against focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion （I/R...Aim Reduction of Sheng-Nao-Kang decoction （RSNK）, is a modified traditional Chinese medicinal formula of Sheng-Nao-Kang pill preparation, which is protective in rats against focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion （I/R） injury. In the current study, we investigate the protective effect of RSNK against apoptosis and oxidative damage induced by cerebral I/R and explore the underlying mechanisms. Cerebral I/R injury was induced by in- traluminal middle cerebral artery occlusion （MCAO） for 2 h followed by reperfusion for 24 h in adult male Sprague- Dawley rats. Rats were randomized into seven groups （n- 8）： Sham group, I/R group, RSNK-treated groups （ 0.7 g · kg ^- 1, 1 . 4 g · kg ^- 1 and 2. 8 g · kg^ - 1 ） , nimodipine （NMP） -treated group and Whitmania pigra Whitman （WW）-treated group. Neurological deficit scores, cerebral humidity content and cerebral infarction volume were measured after the 24 h reperfusion. Malondialdehyde （ MDA）, superoxide dismutase （ SOD）, catalase （ CAT）, inducible nitric oxide synthase （iNOS） and total nitric oxide synthase （TNOS） in serum were measured by assay kits for biochemical analysis. Histological structures of the cortex of the ipsilateral ischemic cerebral hemisphere in rats were observed by Nissl staining. The caspase-3 protein content in the hippocampus and cortex was detected by immunohistochemistry. Additionally, Bax and Bcl-2 protein expressions in the injured brain were evaluated by Western blot. RSNK administration not only markedly improved neurological deficit scores, but also reduced cere- bral humidity content and cerebral infarction volume, lowered MDA content, up-regulated SOD and CAT levels, down-regulated iNOS and TNOS levels, restrained the expression of caspase-3 positive protein and alleviated the Bax and Bcl-2 protein expressions.展开更多
A discontinuity of magnetic circuits according to the end effect is generated in the permanent magnet linear synchronous motor （PMLSM）. Due to the unbalanced back electro-motive force （EMF） and impedance produced,...A discontinuity of magnetic circuits according to the end effect is generated in the permanent magnet linear synchronous motor （PMLSM）. Due to the unbalanced back electro-motive force （EMF） and impedance produced, unbalanced current is generated. The cireulatin8 current, which is caused by a decrease in the thrust, is generated by the unbalanced current. The optimal design of auxiliary-teeth at the end of the mover was carried out to solve the unbalance of phase by using design of experiment （DOE）, and compared with the basic model through finite element analysis （FEA）. As a result, the auxiliary-teeth model compensates for the decrease of thrust caused by the unbalanced phase. Also, this model is proven to reduce the detent force by the vibration and noise of the PMLSM and copper loss caused by the circulating current.展开更多
基金Project(51205421)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2012M521647)supported by the Postdoctoral Science Foundation of China
文摘Switching expansion reduction(SER)uses a switch valve instead of the throttle valve to realize electronically controlled pressure reduction for high pressure pneumatics.A comprehensive and interactive pneumatic simulation model according to the experimental setup of SER has been built.The mathematical model considers heat exchanges,source air pressure and temperature,environmental temperatures and heat transfer coefficients variations.In addition,the compensation for real gas effect is used in the model building.The comparison between experiments and simulations of SER indicates that,to compensate the real gas effect in high pressure discharging process,the thermal capacity of air supply container in simulation should be less than the actual value.The higher the pressure range,the greater the deviation.Simulated and experimental results are highly consistent within pressure reduction ratios ranging from 1.4 to 20 and output air mass flow rates ranging from 3.5 to 132 g/s,which verifies the high adaptability of SER and the validity of the mathematic model and the compensation method.
文摘Aim Reduction of Sheng-Nao-Kang decoction （RSNK）, is a modified traditional Chinese medicinal formula of Sheng-Nao-Kang pill preparation, which is protective in rats against focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion （I/R） injury. In the current study, we investigate the protective effect of RSNK against apoptosis and oxidative damage induced by cerebral I/R and explore the underlying mechanisms. Cerebral I/R injury was induced by in- traluminal middle cerebral artery occlusion （MCAO） for 2 h followed by reperfusion for 24 h in adult male Sprague- Dawley rats. Rats were randomized into seven groups （n- 8）： Sham group, I/R group, RSNK-treated groups （ 0.7 g · kg ^- 1, 1 . 4 g · kg ^- 1 and 2. 8 g · kg^ - 1 ） , nimodipine （NMP） -treated group and Whitmania pigra Whitman （WW）-treated group. Neurological deficit scores, cerebral humidity content and cerebral infarction volume were measured after the 24 h reperfusion. Malondialdehyde （ MDA）, superoxide dismutase （ SOD）, catalase （ CAT）, inducible nitric oxide synthase （iNOS） and total nitric oxide synthase （TNOS） in serum were measured by assay kits for biochemical analysis. Histological structures of the cortex of the ipsilateral ischemic cerebral hemisphere in rats were observed by Nissl staining. The caspase-3 protein content in the hippocampus and cortex was detected by immunohistochemistry. Additionally, Bax and Bcl-2 protein expressions in the injured brain were evaluated by Western blot. RSNK administration not only markedly improved neurological deficit scores, but also reduced cere- bral humidity content and cerebral infarction volume, lowered MDA content, up-regulated SOD and CAT levels, down-regulated iNOS and TNOS levels, restrained the expression of caspase-3 positive protein and alleviated the Bax and Bcl-2 protein expressions.
基金supported by the Second Stage of Brain Korea 21 Projects and Changwon National University in 2009-2010
文摘A discontinuity of magnetic circuits according to the end effect is generated in the permanent magnet linear synchronous motor （PMLSM）. Due to the unbalanced back electro-motive force （EMF） and impedance produced, unbalanced current is generated. The cireulatin8 current, which is caused by a decrease in the thrust, is generated by the unbalanced current. The optimal design of auxiliary-teeth at the end of the mover was carried out to solve the unbalance of phase by using design of experiment （DOE）, and compared with the basic model through finite element analysis （FEA）. As a result, the auxiliary-teeth model compensates for the decrease of thrust caused by the unbalanced phase. Also, this model is proven to reduce the detent force by the vibration and noise of the PMLSM and copper loss caused by the circulating current.
