[Objective]Under the combined impact of climate change and urbanization,urban rainstorm flood disasters occur frequently,seriously restricting urban safety and sustainable development.Relying on traditional grey infra...[Objective]Under the combined impact of climate change and urbanization,urban rainstorm flood disasters occur frequently,seriously restricting urban safety and sustainable development.Relying on traditional grey infrastructure such as pipe networks for urban stormwater management is not enough to deal with urban rainstorm flood disasters under extreme rainfall events.The integration of green,grey and blue systems(GGB-integrated system)is gradually gaining recognition in the field of global flood prevention.It is necessary to further clarify the connotation,technical and engineering implementation strategies of the GGB-integrated system,to provide support for the resilient city construction.[Methods]Through literature retrieval and analysis,the relevant research and progress related to the layout optimization and joint scheduling optimization of the GGBintegrated system were systematically reviewed.In response to existing limitations and future engineering application requirements,key supporting technologies including the utilization of overground emergency storage spaces,safety protection of underground important infrastructure and multi-departmental collaboration,were proposed.A layout optimization framework and a joint scheduling framework for the GGB-integrated system were also developed.[Results]Current research on layout optimization predominantly focuses on the integration of green system and grey system,with relatively fewer studies incorporating blue system infrastructure into the optimization process.Moreover,these studies tend to be on a smaller scale with simpler scenarios,which do not fully capture the complexity of real-world systems.Additionally,optimization objective tend to prioritize environmental and economic goals,while social and ecological factors are less frequently considered.Current research on joint scheduling optimization is often limited to small-scale plots,with insufficient attention paid to the entire system.There is a deficiency in method for real-time,automated determination of optimal control strategies for combinations of multiple system facilities based on actual rainfall-runoff processes.Additionally,the application of emergency facilities during extreme conditions is not sufficiently addressed.Furthermore,both layout optimization and joint scheduling optimization lack consideration of the mute feed effect of flood and waterlogging in urban,watershed and regional scales.[Conclusion]Future research needs to improve the theoretical framework for layout optimization and joint scheduling optimization of GGB-integrated system.Through the comprehensive application of the Internet of things,artificial intelligence,coupling model development,multi-scale analysis,multi-scenario simulation,and the establishment of multi-departmental collaboration mechanisms,it can enhance the flood resilience of urban areas in response to rainfall events of varying intensities,particularly extreme rainfall events.展开更多
To meet the requirements of modern air combat,an integrated fire/flight control(IFFC)system is designed to achieve automatic precision tracking and aiming for armed helicopters and release the pilot from heavy target ...To meet the requirements of modern air combat,an integrated fire/flight control(IFFC)system is designed to achieve automatic precision tracking and aiming for armed helicopters and release the pilot from heavy target burden.Considering the complex dynamic characteristics and the couplings of armed helicopters,an improved automatic attack system is con-structed to integrate the fire control system with the flight con-trol system into a unit.To obtain the optimal command signals,the algorithm is investigated to solve nonconvex optimization problems by the contracting Broyden Fletcher Goldfarb Shanno(C-BFGS)algorithm combined with the trust region method.To address the uncertainties in the automatic attack system,the memory nominal distribution and Wasserstein distance are introduced to accurately characterize the uncertainties,and the dual solvable problem is analyzed by using the duality the-ory,conjugate function,and dual norm.Simulation results verify the practicality and validity of the proposed method in solving the IFFC problem on the premise of satisfactory aiming accu-racy.展开更多
For the longitudinal midcourse guidance problem of a cruise-glide integrated hypersonic vehicle(CGHV),an analytical method based on optimal control theory is proposed.This method constructs a guidance dynamics model f...For the longitudinal midcourse guidance problem of a cruise-glide integrated hypersonic vehicle(CGHV),an analytical method based on optimal control theory is proposed.This method constructs a guidance dynamics model for such vehicles,using aerodynamic load as the control variable,and introduces a framework for solving the guidance laws.This framework unifies the design process of guidance laws for both the glide and cruise phases.By decomposing the longitudinal guidance task into position control and velocity control,and minimizing energy consumption as the objective function,the method provides an analytical solution for velocity control load through the calculation of costate variables.This approach requires only the current state and terminal state parameters to determine the guidance law solution.Furthermore,by transforming path constraints into aerodynamic load constraints and solving backwards to obtain the angle of attack,bank angle,and throttle setting,this method ensures a smooth transition from the glide phase to the cruise phase,guaranteeing the successful completion of the guidance task.Finally,the effectiveness and practicality of the proposed method are validated through case simulations and analysis.展开更多
针对过程复杂且结构未知的对象,在保证模型有效性的前提下,根据数据信息构建简单模型来简化控制器的求解是亟待解决的问题。以受控自回归模型为例,提出一种基于修正最小角回归算法的稀疏辨识方法。首先将系统模型转化为过参数化的高维...针对过程复杂且结构未知的对象,在保证模型有效性的前提下,根据数据信息构建简单模型来简化控制器的求解是亟待解决的问题。以受控自回归模型为例,提出一种基于修正最小角回归算法的稀疏辨识方法。首先将系统模型转化为过参数化的高维稀疏模型,然后将最小角回归算法用于稀疏系统辨识,并提出绝对角度停止准则,使算法经过少量的迭代即可获得模型的稀疏参数估计,并同时获得有效的时滞和阶次估计。结合辨识得到的受控自回归模型,引入一种基于指定相位点频率和增益的比例-积分-微分(proportional integral derivative,PID)控制器。数值仿真和平衡机器人的姿态控制仿真表明,该稀疏辨识算法在低数据量下具有较高的辨识精度,建立的模型具有较好的泛化性能,控制器具有良好的控制效果。展开更多
电-气综合能源系统(integrated energy system,IES)的发展有助于提高能源效率并支撑可持续能源转型。电力网络和天然气网络通常隶属于不同的运营主体,这制约了IES的能源利用效率和多能互济协同。在此背景下,提出一种各能源子系统独立优...电-气综合能源系统(integrated energy system,IES)的发展有助于提高能源效率并支撑可持续能源转型。电力网络和天然气网络通常隶属于不同的运营主体,这制约了IES的能源利用效率和多能互济协同。在此背景下,提出一种各能源子系统独立优化的分布式最优调度方法。建立了电力网络潮流约束、天然气网络管网约束、电-气耦合约束下的IES集中式控制模型,并利用凸松弛技术和大M法对非凸约束进行了转化;基于交替方向乘子法(alternating direction method of multipliers,ADMM)对集中式控制模型进行解耦,使其转化为电力网络和天然气网络独立优化的分布式协同控制模型,并给出了电-气IES分布式控制方法的实施流程;用算例系统对所提方法的可行性和有效性做了验证。展开更多
要:针对含电动汽车的综合能源系统(integrated energy system,IES)需要考虑可再生能源和需求侧的随机性和不确定性的问题,设计了一种基于经济模型预测控制(economic model predictive control,EMPC)的分层实时优化调度策略(hierarchical...要:针对含电动汽车的综合能源系统(integrated energy system,IES)需要考虑可再生能源和需求侧的随机性和不确定性的问题,设计了一种基于经济模型预测控制(economic model predictive control,EMPC)的分层实时优化调度策略(hierarchical real-time optimization strategy,HRTO),将整个系统的运行优化问题分为日前滚动优化,实时滚动优化和跟踪控制三个子问题。建立基于经济模型预测控制的日前优化策略,在保证经济性的同时确保启动的运行单元能够满足用户的需求,通过实时优化层优化整个IES的最优稳态操作点,设计跟踪模型预测控制器,跟踪上层传递的最优参考值。同时该策略通过引入电动汽车参与综合能源系统优化调度,充分发挥电动汽车的储能特性和灵活性,实现了电动汽车和各能源系统的协同优化。仿真分析表明,所提出的HRTO可以实现对电力负荷和建筑物温度设定点的跟踪。展开更多
文摘[Objective]Under the combined impact of climate change and urbanization,urban rainstorm flood disasters occur frequently,seriously restricting urban safety and sustainable development.Relying on traditional grey infrastructure such as pipe networks for urban stormwater management is not enough to deal with urban rainstorm flood disasters under extreme rainfall events.The integration of green,grey and blue systems(GGB-integrated system)is gradually gaining recognition in the field of global flood prevention.It is necessary to further clarify the connotation,technical and engineering implementation strategies of the GGB-integrated system,to provide support for the resilient city construction.[Methods]Through literature retrieval and analysis,the relevant research and progress related to the layout optimization and joint scheduling optimization of the GGBintegrated system were systematically reviewed.In response to existing limitations and future engineering application requirements,key supporting technologies including the utilization of overground emergency storage spaces,safety protection of underground important infrastructure and multi-departmental collaboration,were proposed.A layout optimization framework and a joint scheduling framework for the GGB-integrated system were also developed.[Results]Current research on layout optimization predominantly focuses on the integration of green system and grey system,with relatively fewer studies incorporating blue system infrastructure into the optimization process.Moreover,these studies tend to be on a smaller scale with simpler scenarios,which do not fully capture the complexity of real-world systems.Additionally,optimization objective tend to prioritize environmental and economic goals,while social and ecological factors are less frequently considered.Current research on joint scheduling optimization is often limited to small-scale plots,with insufficient attention paid to the entire system.There is a deficiency in method for real-time,automated determination of optimal control strategies for combinations of multiple system facilities based on actual rainfall-runoff processes.Additionally,the application of emergency facilities during extreme conditions is not sufficiently addressed.Furthermore,both layout optimization and joint scheduling optimization lack consideration of the mute feed effect of flood and waterlogging in urban,watershed and regional scales.[Conclusion]Future research needs to improve the theoretical framework for layout optimization and joint scheduling optimization of GGB-integrated system.Through the comprehensive application of the Internet of things,artificial intelligence,coupling model development,multi-scale analysis,multi-scenario simulation,and the establishment of multi-departmental collaboration mechanisms,it can enhance the flood resilience of urban areas in response to rainfall events of varying intensities,particularly extreme rainfall events.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62373187)Forward-looking Layout Special Projects(ILA220591A22).
文摘To meet the requirements of modern air combat,an integrated fire/flight control(IFFC)system is designed to achieve automatic precision tracking and aiming for armed helicopters and release the pilot from heavy target burden.Considering the complex dynamic characteristics and the couplings of armed helicopters,an improved automatic attack system is con-structed to integrate the fire control system with the flight con-trol system into a unit.To obtain the optimal command signals,the algorithm is investigated to solve nonconvex optimization problems by the contracting Broyden Fletcher Goldfarb Shanno(C-BFGS)algorithm combined with the trust region method.To address the uncertainties in the automatic attack system,the memory nominal distribution and Wasserstein distance are introduced to accurately characterize the uncertainties,and the dual solvable problem is analyzed by using the duality the-ory,conjugate function,and dual norm.Simulation results verify the practicality and validity of the proposed method in solving the IFFC problem on the premise of satisfactory aiming accu-racy.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.62473374,62403487 and U2441243).
文摘For the longitudinal midcourse guidance problem of a cruise-glide integrated hypersonic vehicle(CGHV),an analytical method based on optimal control theory is proposed.This method constructs a guidance dynamics model for such vehicles,using aerodynamic load as the control variable,and introduces a framework for solving the guidance laws.This framework unifies the design process of guidance laws for both the glide and cruise phases.By decomposing the longitudinal guidance task into position control and velocity control,and minimizing energy consumption as the objective function,the method provides an analytical solution for velocity control load through the calculation of costate variables.This approach requires only the current state and terminal state parameters to determine the guidance law solution.Furthermore,by transforming path constraints into aerodynamic load constraints and solving backwards to obtain the angle of attack,bank angle,and throttle setting,this method ensures a smooth transition from the glide phase to the cruise phase,guaranteeing the successful completion of the guidance task.Finally,the effectiveness and practicality of the proposed method are validated through case simulations and analysis.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China （61273260）, Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China （20121333120010）, Natural Scientific Research Foundation of the Higher Education Institutions of Hebei Province （2010t65）, the Major Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China （61290322）, Foundation of Key Labora- tory of System Control and Information Processing, Ministry of Education （SCIP2012008）, and Science and Technology Research and Development Plan of Qinhuangdao City （2012021A041）
文摘针对过程复杂且结构未知的对象,在保证模型有效性的前提下,根据数据信息构建简单模型来简化控制器的求解是亟待解决的问题。以受控自回归模型为例,提出一种基于修正最小角回归算法的稀疏辨识方法。首先将系统模型转化为过参数化的高维稀疏模型,然后将最小角回归算法用于稀疏系统辨识,并提出绝对角度停止准则,使算法经过少量的迭代即可获得模型的稀疏参数估计,并同时获得有效的时滞和阶次估计。结合辨识得到的受控自回归模型,引入一种基于指定相位点频率和增益的比例-积分-微分(proportional integral derivative,PID)控制器。数值仿真和平衡机器人的姿态控制仿真表明,该稀疏辨识算法在低数据量下具有较高的辨识精度,建立的模型具有较好的泛化性能,控制器具有良好的控制效果。
文摘电-气综合能源系统(integrated energy system,IES)的发展有助于提高能源效率并支撑可持续能源转型。电力网络和天然气网络通常隶属于不同的运营主体,这制约了IES的能源利用效率和多能互济协同。在此背景下,提出一种各能源子系统独立优化的分布式最优调度方法。建立了电力网络潮流约束、天然气网络管网约束、电-气耦合约束下的IES集中式控制模型,并利用凸松弛技术和大M法对非凸约束进行了转化;基于交替方向乘子法(alternating direction method of multipliers,ADMM)对集中式控制模型进行解耦,使其转化为电力网络和天然气网络独立优化的分布式协同控制模型,并给出了电-气IES分布式控制方法的实施流程;用算例系统对所提方法的可行性和有效性做了验证。
文摘要:针对含电动汽车的综合能源系统(integrated energy system,IES)需要考虑可再生能源和需求侧的随机性和不确定性的问题,设计了一种基于经济模型预测控制(economic model predictive control,EMPC)的分层实时优化调度策略(hierarchical real-time optimization strategy,HRTO),将整个系统的运行优化问题分为日前滚动优化,实时滚动优化和跟踪控制三个子问题。建立基于经济模型预测控制的日前优化策略,在保证经济性的同时确保启动的运行单元能够满足用户的需求,通过实时优化层优化整个IES的最优稳态操作点,设计跟踪模型预测控制器,跟踪上层传递的最优参考值。同时该策略通过引入电动汽车参与综合能源系统优化调度,充分发挥电动汽车的储能特性和灵活性,实现了电动汽车和各能源系统的协同优化。仿真分析表明,所提出的HRTO可以实现对电力负荷和建筑物温度设定点的跟踪。
