Mt. Yulong, located in the eastern part of Tibetan Plateau, is the southmost present glaciation area both in China and Europe\|Asia continent,where distributes 19 typical sub\|tropics temperate glaciers. In the summer...Mt. Yulong, located in the eastern part of Tibetan Plateau, is the southmost present glaciation area both in China and Europe\|Asia continent,where distributes 19 typical sub\|tropics temperate glaciers. In the summer of 1999, a firn core, 10 10m long to the glacier ice, was successfully recovered in the accumulation area at the largest glacier (No.1 Baishui) on Mt. Yulong. Annual and seasonal variations of different climatic signals above the depth of 7 8m are apparent and five\|year snow accumulation can be clearly identified by the seasonal changes of isotopic and ionic composition, some higher values of electrical conductivity and pH values. These annual boundaries can be also verified by the positions of dirty refrozen ice layers at summer surface of each year. The mean annual net accumulation between the balance years of 94/95 and 97/98 are calculated to about 900mm water equivalent. The amplitude of isotopic changes becomes smaller with the increasing depth of the core and isotopic homogenization occurred below the depth of 7 8m. Concentrations of Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ are much higher than those of Na + and K +, reflecting that the air masses for precipitation came far from their marine sources and passed over a longer continental route. Cl - and Na + show well corresponding variation patterns in the firn profile,indicating their same genesis. Concentrations of SO 2- 4 and NO - 3 are low, reflecting very slight pollution caused by human activities in this area. According to the sum of net income recovered from the firn core and the estimated ablation amount, the average annual precipitation above the equilibrium line is estimated in the scope of 2250mm and 3200mm but it needed to be verified by long\|term observation of mass balance. As indicated by the trend of local climatic changes in last 50years, climatic signals in the firn core and recent observation at the terminal of glacier No.1 Baishui, the glaciers in Mt. Yulong start to advance in 1998 after continuous retreat from early 1980’s to late 1990’s.展开更多
More than million people die from malaria every year(Philippe Brasseur et al.,1999).Some studies indicate that there may be as many as 3 million deaths and above per year due to malaria.Up to 90%of which occur in Afri...More than million people die from malaria every year(Philippe Brasseur et al.,1999).Some studies indicate that there may be as many as 3 million deaths and above per year due to malaria.Up to 90%of which occur in Africa,and 90%are children under age of 5 years.WHO estimates that 40%of the World’s population is at risk of malaria(Victor Ojeanelo, 2007).Weather and climate have significant effects on the growth and distribution of malaria transmitting mosquitos.Rainfall and temperature limits the growth and development of Anopheles mosquito,which展开更多
文摘Mt. Yulong, located in the eastern part of Tibetan Plateau, is the southmost present glaciation area both in China and Europe\|Asia continent,where distributes 19 typical sub\|tropics temperate glaciers. In the summer of 1999, a firn core, 10 10m long to the glacier ice, was successfully recovered in the accumulation area at the largest glacier (No.1 Baishui) on Mt. Yulong. Annual and seasonal variations of different climatic signals above the depth of 7 8m are apparent and five\|year snow accumulation can be clearly identified by the seasonal changes of isotopic and ionic composition, some higher values of electrical conductivity and pH values. These annual boundaries can be also verified by the positions of dirty refrozen ice layers at summer surface of each year. The mean annual net accumulation between the balance years of 94/95 and 97/98 are calculated to about 900mm water equivalent. The amplitude of isotopic changes becomes smaller with the increasing depth of the core and isotopic homogenization occurred below the depth of 7 8m. Concentrations of Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ are much higher than those of Na + and K +, reflecting that the air masses for precipitation came far from their marine sources and passed over a longer continental route. Cl - and Na + show well corresponding variation patterns in the firn profile,indicating their same genesis. Concentrations of SO 2- 4 and NO - 3 are low, reflecting very slight pollution caused by human activities in this area. According to the sum of net income recovered from the firn core and the estimated ablation amount, the average annual precipitation above the equilibrium line is estimated in the scope of 2250mm and 3200mm but it needed to be verified by long\|term observation of mass balance. As indicated by the trend of local climatic changes in last 50years, climatic signals in the firn core and recent observation at the terminal of glacier No.1 Baishui, the glaciers in Mt. Yulong start to advance in 1998 after continuous retreat from early 1980’s to late 1990’s.
文摘More than million people die from malaria every year(Philippe Brasseur et al.,1999).Some studies indicate that there may be as many as 3 million deaths and above per year due to malaria.Up to 90%of which occur in Africa,and 90%are children under age of 5 years.WHO estimates that 40%of the World’s population is at risk of malaria(Victor Ojeanelo, 2007).Weather and climate have significant effects on the growth and distribution of malaria transmitting mosquitos.Rainfall and temperature limits the growth and development of Anopheles mosquito,which
