The hypothesis that some children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD)may show sensitivity or allergic reactions to various food items has led to the development of the the few-foods(or oligoantigenic)d...The hypothesis that some children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD)may show sensitivity or allergic reactions to various food items has led to the development of the the few-foods(or oligoantigenic)diet.The rationale of the diet is to eliminate certain foods from the diet in order to exclude potential allergens contained either naturally in food or in artificial ingredients with allergenic properties.The oligoantigenic diet attempts to identify individual foods to which a person might be sensitive.First,ADHD symptoms are monitored while multiple foods are excluded from the diet.Subsequently,if symptoms remit,foods are re-introduced,while observing the individual for the return of symptoms.An advantage of the oligoantigenic diet is that it can be tailored to the individual.A growing body of evidence suggests that behavioral symptoms of subgroups of children with ADHD may benefit from the elimination of certain foods.The effect sizes of an oligoantigenic diet regarding improvement of ADHD symptoms have been found to be medium to large.Available evidence suggests that the investigation of the role of food hypersensitivities in ADHD is a promising avenue worthy of further exploration.Further large-scale,randomized controlled studies including assessment of long-term outcome are therefore warranted.展开更多
目的:基于R语言初步探讨儿童抽动障碍(TD)合并注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)的证型证素及中医用药规律。方法:计算机检索CNKI、万方、维普、CBM、PubMed、the Cochrane Library、EMBase、Web of Science等数据中建库至2023年11月10日收录的所...目的:基于R语言初步探讨儿童抽动障碍(TD)合并注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)的证型证素及中医用药规律。方法:计算机检索CNKI、万方、维普、CBM、PubMed、the Cochrane Library、EMBase、Web of Science等数据中建库至2023年11月10日收录的所有中医药治疗TD合并ADHD的文献,采用Excel软件筛选文献,对证型证素及中药规范化整理后,建立数据库,运用R语言及RStudio软件进行相应的数据挖掘,包括关联分析和聚类分析,探索儿童TD合并ADHD证型证素分布及中药分布规律。结果:最终纳入23篇文献。共得到20个证型,频次最高的证型为风痰内扰证,共提取证素16个,主要病位证素是肝、肾、脾、心,主要病性证素是阳亢、阴虚、动风、外风、痰,关联分析后得到支持度和置信度最高的组合是外风-动风。聚类分析后可得到5个聚类组:(1)痰、动风、外风;(2)肝、阳亢、肾、阴虚;(3)脾、气虚;(4)心、火/热、津亏;(5)胃、血虚、气滞、精亏。共纳入中药98味,其中14味频次≥10,排名前5为白芍、龙骨、钩藤、远志、天麻;分为18类,主要为补虚药、解表药、清热药、安神药、息风止痉药;主归肝、心、肺、脾、肾经;关联规则与聚类分析形成以白芍、熟地黄、天麻、钩藤、石决明、全蝎、珍珠母、龙骨、远志9味药为基础的核心药物组方。结论:儿童TD合并ADHD病位在肝、肾、脾、心,常见病性证素为阴虚、阳亢、动风、外风、痰,以养血滋阴、平肝息风、清热安神为主要治则,核心组方为白芍、熟地黄、天麻、钩藤、石决明、全蝎、珍珠母、龙骨、远志,需根据辨证灵活加减组方。展开更多
文摘The hypothesis that some children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD)may show sensitivity or allergic reactions to various food items has led to the development of the the few-foods(or oligoantigenic)diet.The rationale of the diet is to eliminate certain foods from the diet in order to exclude potential allergens contained either naturally in food or in artificial ingredients with allergenic properties.The oligoantigenic diet attempts to identify individual foods to which a person might be sensitive.First,ADHD symptoms are monitored while multiple foods are excluded from the diet.Subsequently,if symptoms remit,foods are re-introduced,while observing the individual for the return of symptoms.An advantage of the oligoantigenic diet is that it can be tailored to the individual.A growing body of evidence suggests that behavioral symptoms of subgroups of children with ADHD may benefit from the elimination of certain foods.The effect sizes of an oligoantigenic diet regarding improvement of ADHD symptoms have been found to be medium to large.Available evidence suggests that the investigation of the role of food hypersensitivities in ADHD is a promising avenue worthy of further exploration.Further large-scale,randomized controlled studies including assessment of long-term outcome are therefore warranted.
文摘目的:基于R语言初步探讨儿童抽动障碍(TD)合并注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)的证型证素及中医用药规律。方法:计算机检索CNKI、万方、维普、CBM、PubMed、the Cochrane Library、EMBase、Web of Science等数据中建库至2023年11月10日收录的所有中医药治疗TD合并ADHD的文献,采用Excel软件筛选文献,对证型证素及中药规范化整理后,建立数据库,运用R语言及RStudio软件进行相应的数据挖掘,包括关联分析和聚类分析,探索儿童TD合并ADHD证型证素分布及中药分布规律。结果:最终纳入23篇文献。共得到20个证型,频次最高的证型为风痰内扰证,共提取证素16个,主要病位证素是肝、肾、脾、心,主要病性证素是阳亢、阴虚、动风、外风、痰,关联分析后得到支持度和置信度最高的组合是外风-动风。聚类分析后可得到5个聚类组:(1)痰、动风、外风;(2)肝、阳亢、肾、阴虚;(3)脾、气虚;(4)心、火/热、津亏;(5)胃、血虚、气滞、精亏。共纳入中药98味,其中14味频次≥10,排名前5为白芍、龙骨、钩藤、远志、天麻;分为18类,主要为补虚药、解表药、清热药、安神药、息风止痉药;主归肝、心、肺、脾、肾经;关联规则与聚类分析形成以白芍、熟地黄、天麻、钩藤、石决明、全蝎、珍珠母、龙骨、远志9味药为基础的核心药物组方。结论:儿童TD合并ADHD病位在肝、肾、脾、心,常见病性证素为阴虚、阳亢、动风、外风、痰,以养血滋阴、平肝息风、清热安神为主要治则,核心组方为白芍、熟地黄、天麻、钩藤、石决明、全蝎、珍珠母、龙骨、远志,需根据辨证灵活加减组方。
