A class of large-scale systems, where the overall objective function is a nonlinear function of performance index of each subsystem, is investigated in this paper. This type of large-scale control problem is non-separ...A class of large-scale systems, where the overall objective function is a nonlinear function of performance index of each subsystem, is investigated in this paper. This type of large-scale control problem is non-separable in the sense of conventional hierarchical control. Hierarchical control is extended in the paper to large-scale non-separable control problems, where multiobjective optimization is used as separation strategy. The large-scale non-separable control problem is embedded, under certain conditions, into a family of the weighted Lagrangian formulation. The weighted Lagrangian formulation is separable with respect to subsystems and can be effectively solved using the interaction balance approach at the two lower levels in the proposed three-level solution structure. At the third level, the weighting vector for the weighted Lagrangian formulation is adjusted iteratively to search the optimal weighting vector with which the optimal of the original large-scale non-separable control problem is obtained. Theoretical base of the algorithm is established. Simulation shows that the algorithm is effective.展开更多
生态环境修复方案的可行性论证与修复效果评价是生态环境修复工程的重要内容,对生态环境修复工程的设计及建设具有重要指导意义。目的为确定生态环境修复方案可行性和修复的综合效果,以盘石头水库为例,对该水库生态修复方案进行综合评...生态环境修复方案的可行性论证与修复效果评价是生态环境修复工程的重要内容,对生态环境修复工程的设计及建设具有重要指导意义。目的为确定生态环境修复方案可行性和修复的综合效果,以盘石头水库为例,对该水库生态修复方案进行综合评价研究。方法首先,参照OECD(Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development)模型,构建由生态效益、景观效益、社会效益、维护管理共4个准则层和18个评价子指标组成的盘石头水库生态环境修复方案可行性和修复效果评价体系;其次,通过最优传递矩阵对层次分析法的权重计算进行改进,对构建的评价指标体系进行权重的计算;最后,将改进AHP与模糊综合评价方法相结合,对盘石头水库生态修复方案进行综合评价。结果结果表明,在盘石头水库生态环境修复方案中最重要的准则层指标是生态效益;在选取的18个评价子指标中,物种多样性、观赏价值、改善城市形象和降低灾害这4个指标的权重较大;所评价的鹤壁市盘石头水库生态环境修复方案的修复效果为优,方案可行。结论模糊-改进AHP法为生态环境修复及其方案可行性的评价提供了一种新的、更有效的方法。展开更多
要:针对含电动汽车的综合能源系统(integrated energy system,IES)需要考虑可再生能源和需求侧的随机性和不确定性的问题,设计了一种基于经济模型预测控制(economic model predictive control,EMPC)的分层实时优化调度策略(hierarchical...要:针对含电动汽车的综合能源系统(integrated energy system,IES)需要考虑可再生能源和需求侧的随机性和不确定性的问题,设计了一种基于经济模型预测控制(economic model predictive control,EMPC)的分层实时优化调度策略(hierarchical real-time optimization strategy,HRTO),将整个系统的运行优化问题分为日前滚动优化,实时滚动优化和跟踪控制三个子问题。建立基于经济模型预测控制的日前优化策略,在保证经济性的同时确保启动的运行单元能够满足用户的需求,通过实时优化层优化整个IES的最优稳态操作点,设计跟踪模型预测控制器,跟踪上层传递的最优参考值。同时该策略通过引入电动汽车参与综合能源系统优化调度,充分发挥电动汽车的储能特性和灵活性,实现了电动汽车和各能源系统的协同优化。仿真分析表明,所提出的HRTO可以实现对电力负荷和建筑物温度设定点的跟踪。展开更多
文摘A class of large-scale systems, where the overall objective function is a nonlinear function of performance index of each subsystem, is investigated in this paper. This type of large-scale control problem is non-separable in the sense of conventional hierarchical control. Hierarchical control is extended in the paper to large-scale non-separable control problems, where multiobjective optimization is used as separation strategy. The large-scale non-separable control problem is embedded, under certain conditions, into a family of the weighted Lagrangian formulation. The weighted Lagrangian formulation is separable with respect to subsystems and can be effectively solved using the interaction balance approach at the two lower levels in the proposed three-level solution structure. At the third level, the weighting vector for the weighted Lagrangian formulation is adjusted iteratively to search the optimal weighting vector with which the optimal of the original large-scale non-separable control problem is obtained. Theoretical base of the algorithm is established. Simulation shows that the algorithm is effective.
文摘生态环境修复方案的可行性论证与修复效果评价是生态环境修复工程的重要内容,对生态环境修复工程的设计及建设具有重要指导意义。目的为确定生态环境修复方案可行性和修复的综合效果,以盘石头水库为例,对该水库生态修复方案进行综合评价研究。方法首先,参照OECD(Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development)模型,构建由生态效益、景观效益、社会效益、维护管理共4个准则层和18个评价子指标组成的盘石头水库生态环境修复方案可行性和修复效果评价体系;其次,通过最优传递矩阵对层次分析法的权重计算进行改进,对构建的评价指标体系进行权重的计算;最后,将改进AHP与模糊综合评价方法相结合,对盘石头水库生态修复方案进行综合评价。结果结果表明,在盘石头水库生态环境修复方案中最重要的准则层指标是生态效益;在选取的18个评价子指标中,物种多样性、观赏价值、改善城市形象和降低灾害这4个指标的权重较大;所评价的鹤壁市盘石头水库生态环境修复方案的修复效果为优,方案可行。结论模糊-改进AHP法为生态环境修复及其方案可行性的评价提供了一种新的、更有效的方法。
文摘要:针对含电动汽车的综合能源系统(integrated energy system,IES)需要考虑可再生能源和需求侧的随机性和不确定性的问题,设计了一种基于经济模型预测控制(economic model predictive control,EMPC)的分层实时优化调度策略(hierarchical real-time optimization strategy,HRTO),将整个系统的运行优化问题分为日前滚动优化,实时滚动优化和跟踪控制三个子问题。建立基于经济模型预测控制的日前优化策略,在保证经济性的同时确保启动的运行单元能够满足用户的需求,通过实时优化层优化整个IES的最优稳态操作点,设计跟踪模型预测控制器,跟踪上层传递的最优参考值。同时该策略通过引入电动汽车参与综合能源系统优化调度,充分发挥电动汽车的储能特性和灵活性,实现了电动汽车和各能源系统的协同优化。仿真分析表明,所提出的HRTO可以实现对电力负荷和建筑物温度设定点的跟踪。
