Poly(glycidyl methacrylates)(PGMA) was grafted from zinc oxide(ZnO) nanowires via surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization(SI-ATRP) technique.Firstly,the ZnO nanowires were synthesized by the one-pot hyd...Poly(glycidyl methacrylates)(PGMA) was grafted from zinc oxide(ZnO) nanowires via surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization(SI-ATRP) technique.Firstly,the ZnO nanowires were synthesized by the one-pot hydrothermal technique.Subsequently,the ZnO was functionalized with 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane,which was converted to macroinitiator by the esterification of them with 2-bromopropionyl bromide.PGMA grafted ZnO nanowires(PGMA-ZnO) were then synthesized in an ATRP of the GMA with CuCl/2,2`-bipyridine as the catalyst system.Kinetics studies revealed an approximate linear increase in weight of polymer with reaction time,indicating that the polymerization process owned some "living" character.The structure and composition of PGMA-ZnO were characterized with scanning electron microscope(SEM),energy-dispersive X-ray(EDX) spectrometer,fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR) and thermogravimetric analysis(TGA).展开更多
Glycidyl methacrylate (GMA)is a recently recognized mutagen. In order to explore the mutagenicity and mechanism of GMA, plasmid PBR322 was used for in vitro binding, mutant screening, restriction enzyme mapping,and DN...Glycidyl methacrylate (GMA)is a recently recognized mutagen. In order to explore the mutagenicity and mechanism of GMA, plasmid PBR322 was used for in vitro binding, mutant screening, restriction enzyme mapping,and DNA sequencing. To explore the mechamism by which an initial premutational event is converted into a stable heritable mutation, pBR322 and GMA-bound pBR322 were transformed into E. coli HB101 , and the following results were obtained : 1) GMA-bound PBR322 induced phenotype changes in competent cells. Two stable and heritable mutants were isolated (Ap￣RTc￣S and Ap￣STc￣R). 2) When restriction enzyme mapping was used to analyze the mutant Ap￣RTc￣S , four of seven maps showed changes, but no large DNA insertion or deletion were observed.3) The frequency of deletion and insertion forms counted about 10%. Sequence specificity and hot spot regions were evident in the sequence analysis of mutated plasmid. The above results indicate that the premutagenic lesions of plasmid induced by GMA can be converted into point mutations in vivo.展开更多
In this study,the precursor 4-(4-carboxy-phenoxy)phthalonitrile(CPPN)was first bonded onto the silica gel surface modified with poly(glycidyl methacrylate)(PGMA)(PGMA/SiO2)to prepare CPPN-PGMA/SiO2,and metal phthalocy...In this study,the precursor 4-(4-carboxy-phenoxy)phthalonitrile(CPPN)was first bonded onto the silica gel surface modified with poly(glycidyl methacrylate)(PGMA)(PGMA/SiO2)to prepare CPPN-PGMA/SiO2,and metal phthalocyanine(MPc;M=Co,Fe,Cu,Mn)was supported on the PGMA/SiO2 surface to prepare MPc-PGMA/SiO2 by synchronous synthesis and immobilization with phthalonitrile and metal salt in the solution.The chemical composition and surface morphology were characterized by the Fourier transform infrared(FTIR)spectroscopy,UV-Vis spectroscopy,scanning electron microscopy(SEM),X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),and thermogravimetry analysis(TGA).The catalytic performance of MPc-PGMA/SiO2 in epoxidation of styrene was also investigated with molecular oxygen acting as the oxidant.The results show that MPc-PGMA/SiO2 can efficiently and selectively catalyze molecular oxygen for oxidation of styrene to styrene oxide under mild conditions.However,the catalytic activity differs substantially depending on the central metal,and a highest catalytic activity is achieved by CoPc-PGMA/SiO2.The CoPc-PGMA/SiO2 amount and temperature can also affect the catalytic oxidation of styrene,and at normal atmospheric pressure,a maximum conversion rate of styrene(99%)and selectivity of styrene oxide(53%)are obtained using 0.1 g of CoPc-PGMA/SiO2(22.61μmol of CoPc)at 100℃ for 6 h.CoPc-PGMA/SiO2 also has excellent reusability,and the conversion rate of styrene is still over 90%after 5 cycles.展开更多
Objective. DNA modification fixed as mutations in the cells may be an essential factor in the initiation step of chemical carcinogenesis. In order to explore the mechanism of gene mutation...Objective. DNA modification fixed as mutations in the cells may be an essential factor in the initiation step of chemical carcinogenesis. In order to explore the mechanism of gene mutation and cell transformation induced by glycidyl methacrylate (GMA), the current test studied the characteristics of GMA DNA adducts formation in vitro. Methods. In vitro test, dAMP, dCMP, dGMP, dTMP and calf thymus DNA were allowed to react with GMA (Glycidyl Methacrylate). After the reaction, the mixtures were detected by UV and subjected to reversed phase HPLC on ultrasphere ODS reversed phase column, the reaction products were eluted with a linear gradients of methanol (solvent A) and 10mmol/L ammonium formate, pH5 0 (solvent B). The synthesized adducts were then characterized by UV spectroscopy in acid (pH1 0), neutral (pH7 2), alkaline (pH11 0) and by mass spectroscopy. Results. The results showed that GMA could bind with dAMP, dCMP, dGMP and calf thymus DNA by covalent bond, and the binding sites were specific (N 6 of adenine, N 3 of cytosine). Meanwhile, a main GMA DNA adduct in the reaction of GMA with calf thymus DNA was confirmed as N 3 methacrylate 2 hydroxypropy1 dCMP. Conclusions. GMA can react with DNA and /or deoxynucleotide monophosphate and generate some adducts such as N 6 methacrylate 2 hydroxypropyl dAMP and N 3 methacrylate 2 hydroxypropyl dCMP, ets. Formation of GMA DNA adducts is an important molecular event in gene mutation and cell transformation induced by GMA.展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.50730008 and 30772434)Shanghai Science & Technology Committee (No.09JC1407400 and 1052nm02000)
文摘Poly(glycidyl methacrylates)(PGMA) was grafted from zinc oxide(ZnO) nanowires via surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization(SI-ATRP) technique.Firstly,the ZnO nanowires were synthesized by the one-pot hydrothermal technique.Subsequently,the ZnO was functionalized with 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane,which was converted to macroinitiator by the esterification of them with 2-bromopropionyl bromide.PGMA grafted ZnO nanowires(PGMA-ZnO) were then synthesized in an ATRP of the GMA with CuCl/2,2`-bipyridine as the catalyst system.Kinetics studies revealed an approximate linear increase in weight of polymer with reaction time,indicating that the polymerization process owned some "living" character.The structure and composition of PGMA-ZnO were characterized with scanning electron microscope(SEM),energy-dispersive X-ray(EDX) spectrometer,fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR) and thermogravimetric analysis(TGA).
文摘Glycidyl methacrylate (GMA)is a recently recognized mutagen. In order to explore the mutagenicity and mechanism of GMA, plasmid PBR322 was used for in vitro binding, mutant screening, restriction enzyme mapping,and DNA sequencing. To explore the mechamism by which an initial premutational event is converted into a stable heritable mutation, pBR322 and GMA-bound pBR322 were transformed into E. coli HB101 , and the following results were obtained : 1) GMA-bound PBR322 induced phenotype changes in competent cells. Two stable and heritable mutants were isolated (Ap￣RTc￣S and Ap￣STc￣R). 2) When restriction enzyme mapping was used to analyze the mutant Ap￣RTc￣S , four of seven maps showed changes, but no large DNA insertion or deletion were observed.3) The frequency of deletion and insertion forms counted about 10%. Sequence specificity and hot spot regions were evident in the sequence analysis of mutated plasmid. The above results indicate that the premutagenic lesions of plasmid induced by GMA can be converted into point mutations in vivo.
基金This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of the Shanxi Province of China(No.201801D121069).
文摘In this study,the precursor 4-(4-carboxy-phenoxy)phthalonitrile(CPPN)was first bonded onto the silica gel surface modified with poly(glycidyl methacrylate)(PGMA)(PGMA/SiO2)to prepare CPPN-PGMA/SiO2,and metal phthalocyanine(MPc;M=Co,Fe,Cu,Mn)was supported on the PGMA/SiO2 surface to prepare MPc-PGMA/SiO2 by synchronous synthesis and immobilization with phthalonitrile and metal salt in the solution.The chemical composition and surface morphology were characterized by the Fourier transform infrared(FTIR)spectroscopy,UV-Vis spectroscopy,scanning electron microscopy(SEM),X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),and thermogravimetry analysis(TGA).The catalytic performance of MPc-PGMA/SiO2 in epoxidation of styrene was also investigated with molecular oxygen acting as the oxidant.The results show that MPc-PGMA/SiO2 can efficiently and selectively catalyze molecular oxygen for oxidation of styrene to styrene oxide under mild conditions.However,the catalytic activity differs substantially depending on the central metal,and a highest catalytic activity is achieved by CoPc-PGMA/SiO2.The CoPc-PGMA/SiO2 amount and temperature can also affect the catalytic oxidation of styrene,and at normal atmospheric pressure,a maximum conversion rate of styrene(99%)and selectivity of styrene oxide(53%)are obtained using 0.1 g of CoPc-PGMA/SiO2(22.61μmol of CoPc)at 100℃ for 6 h.CoPc-PGMA/SiO2 also has excellent reusability,and the conversion rate of styrene is still over 90%after 5 cycles.
文摘Objective. DNA modification fixed as mutations in the cells may be an essential factor in the initiation step of chemical carcinogenesis. In order to explore the mechanism of gene mutation and cell transformation induced by glycidyl methacrylate (GMA), the current test studied the characteristics of GMA DNA adducts formation in vitro. Methods. In vitro test, dAMP, dCMP, dGMP, dTMP and calf thymus DNA were allowed to react with GMA (Glycidyl Methacrylate). After the reaction, the mixtures were detected by UV and subjected to reversed phase HPLC on ultrasphere ODS reversed phase column, the reaction products were eluted with a linear gradients of methanol (solvent A) and 10mmol/L ammonium formate, pH5 0 (solvent B). The synthesized adducts were then characterized by UV spectroscopy in acid (pH1 0), neutral (pH7 2), alkaline (pH11 0) and by mass spectroscopy. Results. The results showed that GMA could bind with dAMP, dCMP, dGMP and calf thymus DNA by covalent bond, and the binding sites were specific (N 6 of adenine, N 3 of cytosine). Meanwhile, a main GMA DNA adduct in the reaction of GMA with calf thymus DNA was confirmed as N 3 methacrylate 2 hydroxypropy1 dCMP. Conclusions. GMA can react with DNA and /or deoxynucleotide monophosphate and generate some adducts such as N 6 methacrylate 2 hydroxypropyl dAMP and N 3 methacrylate 2 hydroxypropyl dCMP, ets. Formation of GMA DNA adducts is an important molecular event in gene mutation and cell transformation induced by GMA.
