The method of two-dimensional viscous space-time conservation element and solution element (CE/SE) can be used to calculate the gas-liquid two-phase interior flow field in pulse detonation engine (PDE). In this paper,...The method of two-dimensional viscous space-time conservation element and solution element (CE/SE) can be used to calculate the gas-liquid two-phase interior flow field in pulse detonation engine (PDE). In this paper, the evolution of the detonation wave and the distribution of its physical parameters were analyzed. The numerical results show that the change of axial velocity of gas is the same as that of detonation pressure. The larger the liquid droplet radius is, the longer the time to get stable detonation wave is. The calculated results coincide with the experimented results better.展开更多
Applying the standard Galerkin finite element method for solving flow problems in porous media encounters some difficulties such as numerical oscillation at the shock front and discontinuity of the velocity field on e...Applying the standard Galerkin finite element method for solving flow problems in porous media encounters some difficulties such as numerical oscillation at the shock front and discontinuity of the velocity field on element faces.Discontinuity of velocity field leads this method not to conserve mass locally.Moreover,the accuracy and stability of a solution is highly affected by a non-conservative method.In this paper,a three dimensional control volume finite element method is developed for twophase fluid flow simulation which overcomes the deficiency of the standard finite element method,and attains high-orders of accuracy at a reasonable computational cost.Moreover,this method is capable of handling heterogeneity in a very rational way.A fully implicit scheme is applied to temporal discretization of the governing equations to achieve an unconditionally stable solution.The accuracy and efficiency of the method are verified by simulating some waterflooding experiments.Some representative examples are presented to illustrate the capability of the method to simulate two-phase fluid flow in heterogeneous porous media.展开更多
The relationship between capillary pressure and saturation plays a critical role in the characterization of two-phase flow and transport in aquifers and oil reservoirs. This relationship is usually determined under th...The relationship between capillary pressure and saturation plays a critical role in the characterization of two-phase flow and transport in aquifers and oil reservoirs. This relationship is usually determined under the static condition, where capillary pressure is the only function of saturation. However,considerable experiments have suggested that the dependence of capillary pressure on desaturation rate is under the dynamic condition. Thus, a more general description of capillary pressure that includes dynamic capillary effect has been approved widely. A comprehensive understanding of the dynamic capillary effect is needed for the investigation of the two-phase flow in porous media by various methods. In general, dynamic capillary effect in porous media can be studied through the laboratory experiment, pore-to macro-scale modeling, and artificial neural network. Here, main principle and research procedures of each method are reviewed in detail. Then, research progress, disadvantages and advantages are discussed, respectively. In addition, upscaling study from pore-to macro-scale are introduced, which explains the difference between laboratory experiment and pore-scale modeling. At last, several future perspectives and recommendations for optimal solution of dynamic capillary effect are presented.展开更多
We fabricate flexible conductive and transparent graphene films on position-emission-tomography substrates and prepare large area graphene films by graphite oxide sheets with the new technical process. The multi-layer...We fabricate flexible conductive and transparent graphene films on position-emission-tomography substrates and prepare large area graphene films by graphite oxide sheets with the new technical process. The multi-layer graphene oxide sheets can be chemically reduced by HNO3 and HI to form a highly conductive graphene film on a substrate at lower temperature. The reduced graphene oxide sheets show a high conductivity sheet with resistance of 476Ω/sq and transmittance of 76% at 550nm （6 layers）. The technique used to produce the transparent conductive graphene thin film is facile, inexpensive, and can be tunable for a large area production applied for electronics or touch screens.展开更多
Flexible risers are crucial pieces of equipment for moving output fluids from wells to platforms during the extraction of oil and gas from deepsea resources.One of the causes of collapse in these pipes is the high hyd...Flexible risers are crucial pieces of equipment for moving output fluids from wells to platforms during the extraction of oil and gas from deepsea resources.One of the causes of collapse in these pipes is the high hydrostatic pressure applied to risers in deep water.The innermost layer of a riser,known as the carcass layer,plays a critical role in resistance to external pressure.In this study,we investigated the collapse(nonlinear buckling)of a riser under external pressure,and a novel design based on the structure of a beetle’s exoskeleton was used to increase the load capacity of the carcass layer.This type of beetle skeleton is constructed in such a way that it creates strong connections among the various parts of the external skeleton to considerably enhance strength against external pressure while allowing necessary movements.To assess the performance of the design in comparison with the original design,we examined the nonlinear buckling of the new structure under external pressure.Through genetic algorithm optimization,design parameters were obtained,and the maximum strength before collapse was determined.Results show that the critical pressure in the new design substantially increases relative to that in the original design.展开更多
We developed a three-dimensional multi-relaxation-time lattice Boltzmann method for incompressible and immiscible two-phase flow by coupling with a front-tracking technique. The flow field was simulated by using an Eu...We developed a three-dimensional multi-relaxation-time lattice Boltzmann method for incompressible and immiscible two-phase flow by coupling with a front-tracking technique. The flow field was simulated by using an Eulerian grid, an adaptive unstructured triangular Lagrangian grid was applied to track explicitly the motion of the two-fluid interface, and an indicator function was introduced to update accurately the fluid properties. The surface tension was computed directly on a triangular Lagrangian grid, and then the surface tension was distributed to the background Eulerian grid. Three benchmarks of two-phase flow, including the Laplace law for a stationary drop, the oscillation of a three-dimensional ellipsoidal drop, and the drop deformation in a shear flow, were simulated to validate the present model.展开更多
In this paper, an improved incompressible multi-relaxation-time lattice Boltzmann-front tracking approach is proposed to simulate two-phase flow with a sharp interface, where the surface tension is implemented. The la...In this paper, an improved incompressible multi-relaxation-time lattice Boltzmann-front tracking approach is proposed to simulate two-phase flow with a sharp interface, where the surface tension is implemented. The lattice Boltzmann method is used to simulate the incompressible flow with a stationary Eulerian grid, an additional moving Lagrangian grid is adopted to track explicitly the motion of the interface, and an indicator function is introduced to update the fluid properties accurately. The interface is represented by using a four-order Lagrange polynomial through fitting a set of discrete marker points, and then the surface tension is directly computed by using the normal vector and curvature of the interface. Two benchmark problems, including Laplace＇s law for a stationary bubble and the dispersion relation of the capillary wave between two fluids are conducted for validation. Excellent agreement is obtained between the numerical simulations and the theoretical results in the two cases.展开更多
Motivated by inconveniences of present hybrid methods,a gradient-augmented hybrid interface capturing method（GAHM） is presented for incompressible two-phase flow.A front tracking method（FTM） is used as the skeleto...Motivated by inconveniences of present hybrid methods,a gradient-augmented hybrid interface capturing method（GAHM） is presented for incompressible two-phase flow.A front tracking method（FTM） is used as the skeleton of the GAHM for low mass loss and resources.Smooth eulerian level set values are calculated from the FTM interface,and are used for a local interface reconstruction.The reconstruction avoids marker particle redistribution and enables an automatic treatment of interfacial topology change.The cubic Hermit interpolation is employed in all steps of the GAHM to capture subgrid structures within a single spacial cell.The performance of the GAHM is carefully evaluated in a benchmark test.Results show significant improvements of mass loss,clear subgrid structures,highly accurate derivatives（normals and curvatures） and low cost.The GAHM is further coupled with an incompressible multiphase flow solver,Super CE/SE,for more complex and practical applications.The updated solver is evaluated through comparison with an early droplet research.展开更多
A lattice Boltzmann method for gas–liquid two-phase flow involving non-Newtonian fluids is developed. Bubble formation in a flow-focusing microchannel is simulated by the method. The influences of flow rate ratio, su...A lattice Boltzmann method for gas–liquid two-phase flow involving non-Newtonian fluids is developed. Bubble formation in a flow-focusing microchannel is simulated by the method. The influences of flow rate ratio, surface tension,wetting properties, and rheological characteristics of the fluid on the two-phase flow are analyzed. The results indicate that the flow pattern transfers from slug flow to dry-plug flow with a sufficiently small capillary number. Due to the presence of three-phase contact lines, the contact angle has a more significant effect on the dry-plug flow pattern than on the slug flow pattern. The deformation of the front and rear meniscus of a bubble in the shear-thinning fluid can be explained by the variation of the capillary number. The reduced viscosity and increased contact angle are beneficial for the drag reduction in a microchannel. It also demonstrates the effectiveness of the current method to simulate the gas–liquid two-phase flow in a microchannel.展开更多
An explicit,time-dependent variable grid finite difference method is introduced and analyzed for approximating the solution of a scalar conservation law in two dimension. The scheme is stable,and the numerical solutio...An explicit,time-dependent variable grid finite difference method is introduced and analyzed for approximating the solution of a scalar conservation law in two dimension. The scheme is stable,and the numerical solution is proved to converges to the relevant physical solution.展开更多
A fuzzy adaptive control method is proposed for a flexible robot manipulator. Due to the structure characteristics of the flexible manipulator, the vibration modes must be controlled to realize the high-precision tip ...A fuzzy adaptive control method is proposed for a flexible robot manipulator. Due to the structure characteristics of the flexible manipulator, the vibration modes must be controlled to realize the high-precision tip position. The Lagrangian principle is utilized to model the dynamic function of the single-degree flexible manipulator incorporating the assumed modes method. Simulation results of the fuzzy adaptive control method in the location control and the trajectory tracking with different tip disturbances are presented and compared with the results of the classic PD control. It shows that the controller can obtain the stable and robust performance.展开更多
The mechanical performance of a flexible riser is more outstanding than other risers in violent environmental conditions. Based on the lumped mass method, a steep wave flexible riser configuration attached to a Floati...The mechanical performance of a flexible riser is more outstanding than other risers in violent environmental conditions. Based on the lumped mass method, a steep wave flexible riser configuration attached to a Floating Production Storage and Offioading （FPSO） has been applied to a global analysis in order to acquire the static and dynamic behavior of the flexible riser. The riser was divided into a series of straight massless line segments with a node at each end. Only the axial and torsional properties of the line were modeled, while the mass, weight, and buoyancy were all lumped to the nodes. Four different buoyancy module lengths have been made to demonstrate the importance of mode selection, so as to confirm the optimum buoyancy module length. The results in the sensitivity study show that the flexible riser is not very sensitive to the ocean current, and the buoyancy module can reduce the Von Mises stress and improve the mechanical performance of the flexible riser. Shorter buoyancy module length can reduce the riser effective tension in a specific range of the buoyancy module length when other parameters are constant, but it can also increase the maximum curvature of the riser. As a result, all kinds of the riser performances should be taken into account in order to select the most appropriate buoyancy module length.展开更多
A dynamics formula was established for the flexible cage of high-speed angular contact ball bearing. A modified Craig-Bampton component mode synthetic method was used to establish the formula with regard to the flexib...A dynamics formula was established for the flexible cage of high-speed angular contact ball bearing. A modified Craig-Bampton component mode synthetic method was used to establish the formula with regard to the flexibility of cage and based on a dynamic analysis of angular contact ball bearing,and a rigid-flexible multi-body dynamic analysis program was developed using ADAMS,which is verified by a computation example of Gupta. The results show that it's not likely to keep the rotation smoothness of cage when the ratio of pocket clearance to guiding clearance and the ratio of radial load to axial load become too large or too small. By comparison,the flexible cage runs more smoothly than the rigid cage.展开更多
We propose a hybrid scheme for computations of incompressible two-phase flows. The incompressible constraint has been replaced by a pressure Poisson-like equation and then the pressure is updated by the modified marke...We propose a hybrid scheme for computations of incompressible two-phase flows. The incompressible constraint has been replaced by a pressure Poisson-like equation and then the pressure is updated by the modified marker and cell method. Meanwhile, the moment equations in the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations are solved by our semidiscrete Hermite central-upwind scheme, and the interface between the two fluids is considered to be continuous and is described implicitly as the 0.5 level set of a smooth function being a smeared out Heaviside function. It is here named the hybrid scheme. Some numerical experiments are successfully carried out, which verify the desired efficiency and accuracy of our hybrid scheme.展开更多
A nonlinear numerical integration method, based on forward and backward Euler integration methods, is proposed for solving the stiff dynamic equations of a flexible multibody system, which are transformed from the sec...A nonlinear numerical integration method, based on forward and backward Euler integration methods, is proposed for solving the stiff dynamic equations of a flexible multibody system, which are transformed from the second order to the first order by adopting state variables. This method is of A0 stability and infinity stability. The numerical solutions violating the constraint equations are corrected by Blajer＇s modification approach. Simulation results of a slider-crank mechanism by the proposed method are in good agreement with ones from other literature.展开更多
A kinetic model of the rigid and flexible coupling system for terminally sensitive submunition is set up with Kane's method. The parachute is considered as a flexible body, the flexible displacement is expressed w...A kinetic model of the rigid and flexible coupling system for terminally sensitive submunition is set up with Kane's method. The parachute is considered as a flexible body, the flexible displacement is expressed with modal spread method, the position of the parachute is expressed with a hybrid coordinate method, and the kinematics of the terminally sensitive submunition is analyzed. Ten generalized coordinates relative to the attitude of the terminally sensitive submunition are chosen, and the correlative generalized active forces, the generalized inertial forces, the generalized internal forces are calculated in turn. On the base of the Kane's method, the ten degrees of freedom dynamic equations for the coupled terminally sensitive submunition are finally set up. This model can be used to expediently simulate and analyze accurately the exterior ballistic trajectory of terminally sensitive submunition, and provide the overall design of the terminally sensitive submunition with some helpful references.展开更多
HL-RF(Hasofer-Lind and Rackwitz-Fiessler)法在处理高非线性结构功能函数时会出现振荡、不收敛的问题。可变容差法能够有效解决上述问题,但该方法的反射点选取缺乏方向引导性。针对此,该论文提出基于权重分析改进反射基点的可变容差...HL-RF(Hasofer-Lind and Rackwitz-Fiessler)法在处理高非线性结构功能函数时会出现振荡、不收敛的问题。可变容差法能够有效解决上述问题,但该方法的反射点选取缺乏方向引导性。针对此,该论文提出基于权重分析改进反射基点的可变容差法。该方法先计算非最差点到标准正态空间原点的距离,并增大距离原点更近的点的权重,由此增强反射基点的方向引导性,促使迭代点能更快靠近失效点。通过数值算例验证,本研究提出的方法能够有效解决反射点缺乏方向引导性问题,并且在求解速度上具有显著优势。展开更多
三轴试验离散元模拟是探究砂土等岩土材料变形破坏机制的一种重要手段,合理地模拟侧向边界是三轴试验离散元模拟的一个重要环节。基于有限差分法(finite difference method,简称FDM)-离散元法(discrete element method,简称DEM)FDM-DEM...三轴试验离散元模拟是探究砂土等岩土材料变形破坏机制的一种重要手段,合理地模拟侧向边界是三轴试验离散元模拟的一个重要环节。基于有限差分法(finite difference method,简称FDM)-离散元法(discrete element method,简称DEM)FDM-DEM耦合开展了柔性侧向边界条件下砂土三轴固结排水和不排水试验的数值模拟,并与相应的刚性侧向边界三轴数值试验进行了对比分析。结果表明:相比刚性侧向边界,基于FDM-DEM耦合的柔性侧向边界三轴试验能更好地再现室内砂土三轴试样的宏观力学响应和微观颗粒运动学特征;对于所模拟的砂土三轴固结排水试验,柔性侧向边界试样峰值强度后的应变软化和剪胀性明显弱于刚性侧向边界试样;对于所模拟的砂土三轴固结不排水试验,当轴向应变较大时,柔性侧向边界试样的偏应力小于刚性侧向边界试样,且产生绝对值较小的负孔压;三轴固结不排水试验中,当轴向应变较大时,柔性侧向边界对试样的约束和支撑作用弱于刚性侧向边界,其力链的稳定性较低,力链屈曲数较多,剪切带形成较早,故其各向异性和偏应力均较低。展开更多
基金Sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (10672080)
文摘The method of two-dimensional viscous space-time conservation element and solution element (CE/SE) can be used to calculate the gas-liquid two-phase interior flow field in pulse detonation engine (PDE). In this paper, the evolution of the detonation wave and the distribution of its physical parameters were analyzed. The numerical results show that the change of axial velocity of gas is the same as that of detonation pressure. The larger the liquid droplet radius is, the longer the time to get stable detonation wave is. The calculated results coincide with the experimented results better.
基金Iranian Offshore Oil Company (IOOC) for financial support of this work
文摘Applying the standard Galerkin finite element method for solving flow problems in porous media encounters some difficulties such as numerical oscillation at the shock front and discontinuity of the velocity field on element faces.Discontinuity of velocity field leads this method not to conserve mass locally.Moreover,the accuracy and stability of a solution is highly affected by a non-conservative method.In this paper,a three dimensional control volume finite element method is developed for twophase fluid flow simulation which overcomes the deficiency of the standard finite element method,and attains high-orders of accuracy at a reasonable computational cost.Moreover,this method is capable of handling heterogeneity in a very rational way.A fully implicit scheme is applied to temporal discretization of the governing equations to achieve an unconditionally stable solution.The accuracy and efficiency of the method are verified by simulating some waterflooding experiments.Some representative examples are presented to illustrate the capability of the method to simulate two-phase fluid flow in heterogeneous porous media.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 42102149)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. 2462021YXZZ005)。
文摘The relationship between capillary pressure and saturation plays a critical role in the characterization of two-phase flow and transport in aquifers and oil reservoirs. This relationship is usually determined under the static condition, where capillary pressure is the only function of saturation. However,considerable experiments have suggested that the dependence of capillary pressure on desaturation rate is under the dynamic condition. Thus, a more general description of capillary pressure that includes dynamic capillary effect has been approved widely. A comprehensive understanding of the dynamic capillary effect is needed for the investigation of the two-phase flow in porous media by various methods. In general, dynamic capillary effect in porous media can be studied through the laboratory experiment, pore-to macro-scale modeling, and artificial neural network. Here, main principle and research procedures of each method are reviewed in detail. Then, research progress, disadvantages and advantages are discussed, respectively. In addition, upscaling study from pore-to macro-scale are introduced, which explains the difference between laboratory experiment and pore-scale modeling. At last, several future perspectives and recommendations for optimal solution of dynamic capillary effect are presented.
基金Supported by the Basic Research Program of Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications under Grant No NY212002the Innovative Research Team in University under Grant No IRT1148the 2014 Shuangchuang Program of Jiangsu Province
文摘We fabricate flexible conductive and transparent graphene films on position-emission-tomography substrates and prepare large area graphene films by graphite oxide sheets with the new technical process. The multi-layer graphene oxide sheets can be chemically reduced by HNO3 and HI to form a highly conductive graphene film on a substrate at lower temperature. The reduced graphene oxide sheets show a high conductivity sheet with resistance of 476Ω/sq and transmittance of 76% at 550nm （6 layers）. The technique used to produce the transparent conductive graphene thin film is facile, inexpensive, and can be tunable for a large area production applied for electronics or touch screens.
文摘Flexible risers are crucial pieces of equipment for moving output fluids from wells to platforms during the extraction of oil and gas from deepsea resources.One of the causes of collapse in these pipes is the high hydrostatic pressure applied to risers in deep water.The innermost layer of a riser,known as the carcass layer,plays a critical role in resistance to external pressure.In this study,we investigated the collapse(nonlinear buckling)of a riser under external pressure,and a novel design based on the structure of a beetle’s exoskeleton was used to increase the load capacity of the carcass layer.This type of beetle skeleton is constructed in such a way that it creates strong connections among the various parts of the external skeleton to considerably enhance strength against external pressure while allowing necessary movements.To assess the performance of the design in comparison with the original design,we examined the nonlinear buckling of the new structure under external pressure.Through genetic algorithm optimization,design parameters were obtained,and the maximum strength before collapse was determined.Results show that the critical pressure in the new design substantially increases relative to that in the original design.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11572062)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(Grant No.CDJZR13248801)+2 种基金the Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University,China(Grant No.IRT13043)Key Laboratory of Functional Crystals and Laser Technology,TIPCChinese Academy of Sciences
文摘We developed a three-dimensional multi-relaxation-time lattice Boltzmann method for incompressible and immiscible two-phase flow by coupling with a front-tracking technique. The flow field was simulated by using an Eulerian grid, an adaptive unstructured triangular Lagrangian grid was applied to track explicitly the motion of the two-fluid interface, and an indicator function was introduced to update accurately the fluid properties. The surface tension was computed directly on a triangular Lagrangian grid, and then the surface tension was distributed to the background Eulerian grid. Three benchmarks of two-phase flow, including the Laplace law for a stationary drop, the oscillation of a three-dimensional ellipsoidal drop, and the drop deformation in a shear flow, were simulated to validate the present model.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.10872222 and 50921063)the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China(Grant No.20110191110037)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(Grant Nos.CDJXS11240011 and CDJXS10241103)
文摘In this paper, an improved incompressible multi-relaxation-time lattice Boltzmann-front tracking approach is proposed to simulate two-phase flow with a sharp interface, where the surface tension is implemented. The lattice Boltzmann method is used to simulate the incompressible flow with a stationary Eulerian grid, an additional moving Lagrangian grid is adopted to track explicitly the motion of the interface, and an indicator function is introduced to update the fluid properties accurately. The interface is represented by using a four-order Lagrange polynomial through fitting a set of discrete marker points, and then the surface tension is directly computed by using the normal vector and curvature of the interface. Two benchmark problems, including Laplace＇s law for a stationary bubble and the dispersion relation of the capillary wave between two fluids are conducted for validation. Excellent agreement is obtained between the numerical simulations and the theoretical results in the two cases.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.10972010,11028206,11371069,11372052,11402029,and 11472060)the Science and Technology Development Foundation of China Academy of Engineering Physics(CAEP),China(Grant No.2014B0201030)the Defense Industrial Technology Development Program of China(Grant No.B1520132012)
文摘Motivated by inconveniences of present hybrid methods,a gradient-augmented hybrid interface capturing method（GAHM） is presented for incompressible two-phase flow.A front tracking method（FTM） is used as the skeleton of the GAHM for low mass loss and resources.Smooth eulerian level set values are calculated from the FTM interface,and are used for a local interface reconstruction.The reconstruction avoids marker particle redistribution and enables an automatic treatment of interfacial topology change.The cubic Hermit interpolation is employed in all steps of the GAHM to capture subgrid structures within a single spacial cell.The performance of the GAHM is carefully evaluated in a benchmark test.Results show significant improvements of mass loss,clear subgrid structures,highly accurate derivatives（normals and curvatures） and low cost.The GAHM is further coupled with an incompressible multiphase flow solver,Super CE/SE,for more complex and practical applications.The updated solver is evaluated through comparison with an early droplet research.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51775077)。
文摘A lattice Boltzmann method for gas–liquid two-phase flow involving non-Newtonian fluids is developed. Bubble formation in a flow-focusing microchannel is simulated by the method. The influences of flow rate ratio, surface tension,wetting properties, and rheological characteristics of the fluid on the two-phase flow are analyzed. The results indicate that the flow pattern transfers from slug flow to dry-plug flow with a sufficiently small capillary number. Due to the presence of three-phase contact lines, the contact angle has a more significant effect on the dry-plug flow pattern than on the slug flow pattern. The deformation of the front and rear meniscus of a bubble in the shear-thinning fluid can be explained by the variation of the capillary number. The reduced viscosity and increased contact angle are beneficial for the drag reduction in a microchannel. It also demonstrates the effectiveness of the current method to simulate the gas–liquid two-phase flow in a microchannel.
文摘An explicit,time-dependent variable grid finite difference method is introduced and analyzed for approximating the solution of a scalar conservation law in two dimension. The scheme is stable,and the numerical solution is proved to converges to the relevant physical solution.
文摘A fuzzy adaptive control method is proposed for a flexible robot manipulator. Due to the structure characteristics of the flexible manipulator, the vibration modes must be controlled to realize the high-precision tip position. The Lagrangian principle is utilized to model the dynamic function of the single-degree flexible manipulator incorporating the assumed modes method. Simulation results of the fuzzy adaptive control method in the location control and the trajectory tracking with different tip disturbances are presented and compared with the results of the classic PD control. It shows that the controller can obtain the stable and robust performance.
基金the National Natural Science Fundation of China (No.50879013)China National 111 Project under Grant No. B07019
文摘The mechanical performance of a flexible riser is more outstanding than other risers in violent environmental conditions. Based on the lumped mass method, a steep wave flexible riser configuration attached to a Floating Production Storage and Offioading （FPSO） has been applied to a global analysis in order to acquire the static and dynamic behavior of the flexible riser. The riser was divided into a series of straight massless line segments with a node at each end. Only the axial and torsional properties of the line were modeled, while the mass, weight, and buoyancy were all lumped to the nodes. Four different buoyancy module lengths have been made to demonstrate the importance of mode selection, so as to confirm the optimum buoyancy module length. The results in the sensitivity study show that the flexible riser is not very sensitive to the ocean current, and the buoyancy module can reduce the Von Mises stress and improve the mechanical performance of the flexible riser. Shorter buoyancy module length can reduce the riser effective tension in a specific range of the buoyancy module length when other parameters are constant, but it can also increase the maximum curvature of the riser. As a result, all kinds of the riser performances should be taken into account in order to select the most appropriate buoyancy module length.
文摘A dynamics formula was established for the flexible cage of high-speed angular contact ball bearing. A modified Craig-Bampton component mode synthetic method was used to establish the formula with regard to the flexibility of cage and based on a dynamic analysis of angular contact ball bearing,and a rigid-flexible multi-body dynamic analysis program was developed using ADAMS,which is verified by a computation example of Gupta. The results show that it's not likely to keep the rotation smoothness of cage when the ratio of pocket clearance to guiding clearance and the ratio of radial load to axial load become too large or too small. By comparison,the flexible cage runs more smoothly than the rigid cage.
文摘We propose a hybrid scheme for computations of incompressible two-phase flows. The incompressible constraint has been replaced by a pressure Poisson-like equation and then the pressure is updated by the modified marker and cell method. Meanwhile, the moment equations in the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations are solved by our semidiscrete Hermite central-upwind scheme, and the interface between the two fluids is considered to be continuous and is described implicitly as the 0.5 level set of a smooth function being a smeared out Heaviside function. It is here named the hybrid scheme. Some numerical experiments are successfully carried out, which verify the desired efficiency and accuracy of our hybrid scheme.
基金The Science-Technology Foundation for Young Scientist of Fujian Province (No.2005J053)
文摘A nonlinear numerical integration method, based on forward and backward Euler integration methods, is proposed for solving the stiff dynamic equations of a flexible multibody system, which are transformed from the second order to the first order by adopting state variables. This method is of A0 stability and infinity stability. The numerical solutions violating the constraint equations are corrected by Blajer＇s modification approach. Simulation results of a slider-crank mechanism by the proposed method are in good agreement with ones from other literature.
文摘A kinetic model of the rigid and flexible coupling system for terminally sensitive submunition is set up with Kane's method. The parachute is considered as a flexible body, the flexible displacement is expressed with modal spread method, the position of the parachute is expressed with a hybrid coordinate method, and the kinematics of the terminally sensitive submunition is analyzed. Ten generalized coordinates relative to the attitude of the terminally sensitive submunition are chosen, and the correlative generalized active forces, the generalized inertial forces, the generalized internal forces are calculated in turn. On the base of the Kane's method, the ten degrees of freedom dynamic equations for the coupled terminally sensitive submunition are finally set up. This model can be used to expediently simulate and analyze accurately the exterior ballistic trajectory of terminally sensitive submunition, and provide the overall design of the terminally sensitive submunition with some helpful references.
文摘HL-RF(Hasofer-Lind and Rackwitz-Fiessler)法在处理高非线性结构功能函数时会出现振荡、不收敛的问题。可变容差法能够有效解决上述问题,但该方法的反射点选取缺乏方向引导性。针对此,该论文提出基于权重分析改进反射基点的可变容差法。该方法先计算非最差点到标准正态空间原点的距离,并增大距离原点更近的点的权重,由此增强反射基点的方向引导性,促使迭代点能更快靠近失效点。通过数值算例验证,本研究提出的方法能够有效解决反射点缺乏方向引导性问题,并且在求解速度上具有显著优势。
文摘三轴试验离散元模拟是探究砂土等岩土材料变形破坏机制的一种重要手段,合理地模拟侧向边界是三轴试验离散元模拟的一个重要环节。基于有限差分法(finite difference method,简称FDM)-离散元法(discrete element method,简称DEM)FDM-DEM耦合开展了柔性侧向边界条件下砂土三轴固结排水和不排水试验的数值模拟,并与相应的刚性侧向边界三轴数值试验进行了对比分析。结果表明:相比刚性侧向边界,基于FDM-DEM耦合的柔性侧向边界三轴试验能更好地再现室内砂土三轴试样的宏观力学响应和微观颗粒运动学特征;对于所模拟的砂土三轴固结排水试验,柔性侧向边界试样峰值强度后的应变软化和剪胀性明显弱于刚性侧向边界试样;对于所模拟的砂土三轴固结不排水试验,当轴向应变较大时,柔性侧向边界试样的偏应力小于刚性侧向边界试样,且产生绝对值较小的负孔压;三轴固结不排水试验中,当轴向应变较大时,柔性侧向边界对试样的约束和支撑作用弱于刚性侧向边界,其力链的稳定性较低,力链屈曲数较多,剪切带形成较早,故其各向异性和偏应力均较低。
