In this paper,the influence of aromatic content,one of main fuel properties,on diesel particulate emissions was studied at five steady-state operating conditions using a heavy-duty Perkins 4.236 engine.Detailed analys...In this paper,the influence of aromatic content,one of main fuel properties,on diesel particulate emissions was studied at five steady-state operating conditions using a heavy-duty Perkins 4.236 engine.Detailed analysis of the particulate showed the presence of biologically active polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons(PAH) in high concentration.Unburnt PAH in liquid fuel are identified to be the dominant source of particulate PAH.Diesel particulates are also considered a potential health hazard because of the presence of PAH in the SOF of the particulates and some of these PAH are known to be carcinogenic.展开更多
In this study,a model is developed to simulate the dynamics of an internal combustion engine,and it is calibrated and validated against reliable experimental data,making it a tool that can effectively be adopted to co...In this study,a model is developed to simulate the dynamics of an internal combustion engine,and it is calibrated and validated against reliable experimental data,making it a tool that can effectively be adopted to conduct emission predictions.In this work,the Ricardo WAVE software is applied to the simulation of a particular marine diesel engine,a four-stroke engine used in the maritime field.Results from the bench tests are used for the calibration of the model.Finally,the calibration of the model and its validation with full-scale data measured at sea are presented.The prediction includes not only the classic engine operating parameters for a comparison with surveys but also an estimate of nitrogen oxide emissions,which are compared with similar results obtained with emission factors.The calibration of the model made it possible to obtain an overlap between the simulation results and real data with an average error of approximately 7%on power,torque,and consumption.The model provides encouraging results,suggesting further applications,such as in the study on transient conditions,coupling of the engine model with the ship model for a complete simulation of the operating conditions,and optimization studies on consumption and emissions.The availability of the emission data during the sea trial and validated simulation results are the strengths and novelties of this work.展开更多
This paper presents a comparative analysis between single and twin-screw propulsion systems of a bulk carrier to evaluate the ship and propeller performance in terms of fuel consumption as well as to discuss the cavit...This paper presents a comparative analysis between single and twin-screw propulsion systems of a bulk carrier to evaluate the ship and propeller performance in terms of fuel consumption as well as to discuss the cavitation and noise criteria.An optimization model is developed to select the optimum propeller geometry and operational point along the engine load diagram for the selected engines of each case.The engines are selected from the same series due to the same behaviour along the engine load diagram.The propellers are selected from the B-series as fixed-pitch propellers.It has been concluded that while the components of the single-screw propulsion system are larger than the twin-screw,the single-screw propulsion system shows a reduction in fuel consumption than the twin screw by around 19%,thus affecting the amount of exhaust emissions from the ship.This model helps the ship designers to select a suitable propeller to improve the energy efficiency of the ships.展开更多
文摘In this paper,the influence of aromatic content,one of main fuel properties,on diesel particulate emissions was studied at five steady-state operating conditions using a heavy-duty Perkins 4.236 engine.Detailed analysis of the particulate showed the presence of biologically active polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons(PAH) in high concentration.Unburnt PAH in liquid fuel are identified to be the dominant source of particulate PAH.Diesel particulates are also considered a potential health hazard because of the presence of PAH in the SOF of the particulates and some of these PAH are known to be carcinogenic.
基金Open access funding provided by Universita degli Studi di Napoli Federico II within the CRUI-CARE Agreement.
文摘In this study,a model is developed to simulate the dynamics of an internal combustion engine,and it is calibrated and validated against reliable experimental data,making it a tool that can effectively be adopted to conduct emission predictions.In this work,the Ricardo WAVE software is applied to the simulation of a particular marine diesel engine,a four-stroke engine used in the maritime field.Results from the bench tests are used for the calibration of the model.Finally,the calibration of the model and its validation with full-scale data measured at sea are presented.The prediction includes not only the classic engine operating parameters for a comparison with surveys but also an estimate of nitrogen oxide emissions,which are compared with similar results obtained with emission factors.The calibration of the model made it possible to obtain an overlap between the simulation results and real data with an average error of approximately 7%on power,torque,and consumption.The model provides encouraging results,suggesting further applications,such as in the study on transient conditions,coupling of the engine model with the ship model for a complete simulation of the operating conditions,and optimization studies on consumption and emissions.The availability of the emission data during the sea trial and validated simulation results are the strengths and novelties of this work.
文摘This paper presents a comparative analysis between single and twin-screw propulsion systems of a bulk carrier to evaluate the ship and propeller performance in terms of fuel consumption as well as to discuss the cavitation and noise criteria.An optimization model is developed to select the optimum propeller geometry and operational point along the engine load diagram for the selected engines of each case.The engines are selected from the same series due to the same behaviour along the engine load diagram.The propellers are selected from the B-series as fixed-pitch propellers.It has been concluded that while the components of the single-screw propulsion system are larger than the twin-screw,the single-screw propulsion system shows a reduction in fuel consumption than the twin screw by around 19%,thus affecting the amount of exhaust emissions from the ship.This model helps the ship designers to select a suitable propeller to improve the energy efficiency of the ships.
