Recently,I attended a conference organised by the European Food Safety Authority in the beautiful and prosperous Italian city of Parma.The overall topic of the conference was risk assessment,and the program included a...Recently,I attended a conference organised by the European Food Safety Authority in the beautiful and prosperous Italian city of Parma.The overall topic of the conference was risk assessment,and the program included a section on aspects of environmental risk assessment.In various areas,including the evalution of the effects of pesticide applications,invasive organisms or genetically modified plants(Arpaia et al.,2014)preparing an environmental risk assessment is an obviously relevant exercise.展开更多
活化技术有助于砷污染土壤的高效修复,但其应用过程中极可能增加砷的生态风险和健康风险。研究综合运用毒性浸出试验、动物试验、体外试验等方法,从全面对比施用前后土壤砷的形态/价态、浸出性以及口部生物有效性/生物可给性等角度,评...活化技术有助于砷污染土壤的高效修复,但其应用过程中极可能增加砷的生态风险和健康风险。研究综合运用毒性浸出试验、动物试验、体外试验等方法,从全面对比施用前后土壤砷的形态/价态、浸出性以及口部生物有效性/生物可给性等角度,评估了经典的土壤砷活化助剂——草酸的应用风险,并深入阐释机理。结果显示,草酸会显著增加土壤砷的活跃性和基于浸出性的生态风险。经动物试验和体外试验相互验证,草酸显著降低了土壤砷的健康风险。基于小鼠模型,草酸显著降低了砷的相对生物有效性;基于生理学提取试验人体肠道微生物生态系统模拟(Physiologically Based Extraction Test-Simulator of Human Intestinal Microbial Ecosystem,PBET SHIME)模型,发现草酸显著降低了结肠阶段土壤砷的生物可给性。此外,草酸抑制了结肠液中生物可给态As(Ⅴ)的还原,促进了高毒性As(Ⅲ)的甲基化,进一步降低了土壤砷的健康风险。这主要是由草酸活化后,土壤中释放出过量的金属组分以及肠道菌群对草酸的代谢所共同导致。整体而言,草酸对土壤砷的生态风险和健康风险的影响在不同土壤中具有一致性。作为典型的低分子质量有机酸类活化助剂,草酸在砷污染土壤修复方面值得推荐。研究成果为砷污染土壤活化修复助剂的选用给予了科学启示,为相关修复场地的风险管控提供了参考。展开更多
文摘Recently,I attended a conference organised by the European Food Safety Authority in the beautiful and prosperous Italian city of Parma.The overall topic of the conference was risk assessment,and the program included a section on aspects of environmental risk assessment.In various areas,including the evalution of the effects of pesticide applications,invasive organisms or genetically modified plants(Arpaia et al.,2014)preparing an environmental risk assessment is an obviously relevant exercise.
文摘活化技术有助于砷污染土壤的高效修复,但其应用过程中极可能增加砷的生态风险和健康风险。研究综合运用毒性浸出试验、动物试验、体外试验等方法,从全面对比施用前后土壤砷的形态/价态、浸出性以及口部生物有效性/生物可给性等角度,评估了经典的土壤砷活化助剂——草酸的应用风险,并深入阐释机理。结果显示,草酸会显著增加土壤砷的活跃性和基于浸出性的生态风险。经动物试验和体外试验相互验证,草酸显著降低了土壤砷的健康风险。基于小鼠模型,草酸显著降低了砷的相对生物有效性;基于生理学提取试验人体肠道微生物生态系统模拟(Physiologically Based Extraction Test-Simulator of Human Intestinal Microbial Ecosystem,PBET SHIME)模型,发现草酸显著降低了结肠阶段土壤砷的生物可给性。此外,草酸抑制了结肠液中生物可给态As(Ⅴ)的还原,促进了高毒性As(Ⅲ)的甲基化,进一步降低了土壤砷的健康风险。这主要是由草酸活化后,土壤中释放出过量的金属组分以及肠道菌群对草酸的代谢所共同导致。整体而言,草酸对土壤砷的生态风险和健康风险的影响在不同土壤中具有一致性。作为典型的低分子质量有机酸类活化助剂,草酸在砷污染土壤修复方面值得推荐。研究成果为砷污染土壤活化修复助剂的选用给予了科学启示,为相关修复场地的风险管控提供了参考。
