Objective To determine the impact of scenario-based lecture and personalized video feedback on anesthesia residents'communication skills during preoperative visits.Methods A total of 24 anesthesia residents were r...Objective To determine the impact of scenario-based lecture and personalized video feedback on anesthesia residents'communication skills during preoperative visits.Methods A total of 24 anesthesia residents were randomly divided into a video group and a control group.Residents in both groups took part in a simulated interview and received a scenario-based lecture on how to communicate with patients during preoperative visits.Afterwards,residents in the video group received personalized video feedback recorded during the simulated interview.One week later all the residents undertook another simulated interview.The communication skills of all the residents were assessed using the Consultation and Relational Empathy measure(CARE)scale by two examiners and one standardized patient(SP),both of whom were blinded to the group allocation.Results CARE scores were comparable between the two groups before training,and significantly improved after training in both groups(all P<0.05).The video group showed significantly greater increase in CARE score after the training than the control group,especially assessed by the SP(t=6.980,P<0.001).There were significant correlations between the examiner-assessed scores and SP-assessed scores(both P=0.001).Conclusion Scenario-based lectures with simulated interviews provide a good method for training communication skills of anesthesia residents,and personalized video feedback can enhance their performance on showing empathy during preoperative interview.展开更多
There are several approaches to data collection, such as questionnaires, interviews, observations, focus groups and so on. This essay will look at two specific methods, interviews and questionnaires. It will involve i...There are several approaches to data collection, such as questionnaires, interviews, observations, focus groups and so on. This essay will look at two specific methods, interviews and questionnaires. It will involve individual strengths and weaknesses at first and then have a brief clarification of'why'and'when'to use. Finally, this essay will list out some problems that researchers might face during the process.展开更多
Because of the difference and the particularity of oral test among reading,listening and writing,oral test should focus on the framework,the interviewer and the marking system.In addition,some instructions for oral in...Because of the difference and the particularity of oral test among reading,listening and writing,oral test should focus on the framework,the interviewer and the marking system.In addition,some instructions for oral interview and the training of assessors also play important roles in the test.In order to make the oral test-interview more successful,some other facts should be considered when having the test,such as the reliability,construct validity and authenticity.展开更多
Interviewing is one of the most common and most powerful research methods in sociology. To provide an overview of interviewing in social research, the preliminaries and some tactics applied in interviewing are illustr...Interviewing is one of the most common and most powerful research methods in sociology. To provide an overview of interviewing in social research, the preliminaries and some tactics applied in interviewing are illustrated firstly. Secondly, various forms of interviewing employed in social research are analyzed specifically. Finally, the issues of interviewing are critically examined.展开更多
Expert Profile:Prof.Douglas R.MacFarlane is an Australian Laureate Fellow at Monash University's School of Chemistry and leader of the Energy Program in the Australian Centre for Electromaterials Science.He is the...Expert Profile:Prof.Douglas R.MacFarlane is an Australian Laureate Fellow at Monash University's School of Chemistry and leader of the Energy Program in the Australian Centre for Electromaterials Science.He is the Australian Academy of Science's Craig Medalist 2018 and winner of the Victoria Prize for Science and Innovation 2018.展开更多
Telephone interviewing is a crucial but not well-documented qualitative research method in sociology.Such aspects as how to conduct a telephone interview and by whom such a method is best used,are illustrated specific...Telephone interviewing is a crucial but not well-documented qualitative research method in sociology.Such aspects as how to conduct a telephone interview and by whom such a method is best used,are illustrated specifically.More importantly,the advantages and disadvantages of telephone interviews are critically exploited.As a relatively cheap,flexible and reliable means of gathering data,telephone interview deserves more attention.Moreover,due to such obstacles as sampling,establishing rapport and recognizing the limitations of data generated,it is best to use telephone interviewing for educational research in conjunction with other data collection methods.展开更多
Background Mental health problems are prevalent among patients seeking primary healthcare.However,traditional patient interviews often fail to identify and manage these problems.Therefore,an improved patient interview...Background Mental health problems are prevalent among patients seeking primary healthcare.However,traditional patient interviews often fail to identify and manage these problems.Therefore,an improved patient interview process is needed to assess and treat mental health problems in primary care settings.Aims To assess the validity,reliability,sensitivity and specificity of a 5-Step Patient Interview approach for the screening,diagnosis and treatment of mental health problems.Design and setting This study compared a 5-Step Patient Interview approach(AlKhathami approach)with expert psychiatric interviews based on the Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders,fifth edition,the Patient Health Questionnaire-9(PHQ-9)and the Generalised Anxiety Disorder-7(GAD-7)questionnaire from 1 January 2020 to 30 April 2020 in family practice or primary healthcare centres.Methods A total of 760 participants from five Saudi Arabian regions were selected using a multiclustered random sample of every third patient aged≥18 years,drawn from the clinics’patient list.Results A total of 732 patients agreed to participate,with a response rate of 96.3%;396(54.1%)were women;the mean(Standard Deviation)age was 41.28(14.30)years(ranging from 18 to 84 years).Mental health problems were suspected in 40%of the participants.The 5-Step Patient Interview approach was shown to be comparable to an expert interview by a psychiatrist.Moreover,it was more accurate than the PHQ-9 and GAD-7 self-administered questionnaires in screening for stress and classifying it as mild,moderate to severe or severe.Additionally,the 5-Step Patient Interview approach improved physician-patient communication by encouraging the exploration of patients’perspectives.Conclusions The 5-Step Patient Interview approach is a valid,reliable tool that can aid the integration of mental healthcare into primary healthcare and family practice.Future studies should evaluate the implementation outcomes of the 5-Step Patient Interview approach.展开更多
Cooperative principle is supposed to be the basis of any successful communication.It is assumed that in a conversation the par ticipants will cooperate with each other when making their contributions.The principle has...Cooperative principle is supposed to be the basis of any successful communication.It is assumed that in a conversation the par ticipants will cooperate with each other when making their contributions.The principle has wide and useful applications.Based on Grice's Cooperative Principle and the conversational implicature,the following discussion attempts to analyze pragmatically how it can be used in job interview.By means of applying principles of quantity,quality,relation and manner into the job interview,it can be shown that the interview can be successful in the interview if he observes the cooperative principle and derives the conversational implicature.展开更多
Laughter enables interview to go smoothly,and is considered as a symbol of successful communication in life story interview.Basing on Gail Jefferson's method of transcription,this paper transcribed ten cases of la...Laughter enables interview to go smoothly,and is considered as a symbol of successful communication in life story interview.Basing on Gail Jefferson's method of transcription,this paper transcribed ten cases of laughter from one BBC interview with John Maeda and aims to analyze the roles of laughter.Through close observation,this paper concludes three findings.First,in life story interview,topics on family members will induce greater possibility of laughter;second,in most cases,the interviewer will laugh following the interviewee's laughter;third,laughter is not only taken as the acknowledgement token,but also taken as the evasion strategy.展开更多
Taking an interview is an important step in job application. The paper starts from resume preparation and understanding of the company culture. Common issues are analyzed, generalized and summarized in the interview. ...Taking an interview is an important step in job application. The paper starts from resume preparation and understanding of the company culture. Common issues are analyzed, generalized and summarized in the interview. It is necessary to conduct a mock interview in advance. Suggestions on applicant's dressing, eye contact, courtesy and responses are made and a thank-you note should be sent to the interviewer after the interview.展开更多
基金National High Level Hospital Clinical Research Fund(2022-PUMCH-C-011).
文摘Objective To determine the impact of scenario-based lecture and personalized video feedback on anesthesia residents'communication skills during preoperative visits.Methods A total of 24 anesthesia residents were randomly divided into a video group and a control group.Residents in both groups took part in a simulated interview and received a scenario-based lecture on how to communicate with patients during preoperative visits.Afterwards,residents in the video group received personalized video feedback recorded during the simulated interview.One week later all the residents undertook another simulated interview.The communication skills of all the residents were assessed using the Consultation and Relational Empathy measure(CARE)scale by two examiners and one standardized patient(SP),both of whom were blinded to the group allocation.Results CARE scores were comparable between the two groups before training,and significantly improved after training in both groups(all P<0.05).The video group showed significantly greater increase in CARE score after the training than the control group,especially assessed by the SP(t=6.980,P<0.001).There were significant correlations between the examiner-assessed scores and SP-assessed scores(both P=0.001).Conclusion Scenario-based lectures with simulated interviews provide a good method for training communication skills of anesthesia residents,and personalized video feedback can enhance their performance on showing empathy during preoperative interview.
文摘There are several approaches to data collection, such as questionnaires, interviews, observations, focus groups and so on. This essay will look at two specific methods, interviews and questionnaires. It will involve individual strengths and weaknesses at first and then have a brief clarification of'why'and'when'to use. Finally, this essay will list out some problems that researchers might face during the process.
文摘Because of the difference and the particularity of oral test among reading,listening and writing,oral test should focus on the framework,the interviewer and the marking system.In addition,some instructions for oral interview and the training of assessors also play important roles in the test.In order to make the oral test-interview more successful,some other facts should be considered when having the test,such as the reliability,construct validity and authenticity.
文摘Interviewing is one of the most common and most powerful research methods in sociology. To provide an overview of interviewing in social research, the preliminaries and some tactics applied in interviewing are illustrated firstly. Secondly, various forms of interviewing employed in social research are analyzed specifically. Finally, the issues of interviewing are critically examined.
文摘Expert Profile:Prof.Douglas R.MacFarlane is an Australian Laureate Fellow at Monash University's School of Chemistry and leader of the Energy Program in the Australian Centre for Electromaterials Science.He is the Australian Academy of Science's Craig Medalist 2018 and winner of the Victoria Prize for Science and Innovation 2018.
文摘Telephone interviewing is a crucial but not well-documented qualitative research method in sociology.Such aspects as how to conduct a telephone interview and by whom such a method is best used,are illustrated specifically.More importantly,the advantages and disadvantages of telephone interviews are critically exploited.As a relatively cheap,flexible and reliable means of gathering data,telephone interview deserves more attention.Moreover,due to such obstacles as sampling,establishing rapport and recognizing the limitations of data generated,it is best to use telephone interviewing for educational research in conjunction with other data collection methods.
文摘Background Mental health problems are prevalent among patients seeking primary healthcare.However,traditional patient interviews often fail to identify and manage these problems.Therefore,an improved patient interview process is needed to assess and treat mental health problems in primary care settings.Aims To assess the validity,reliability,sensitivity and specificity of a 5-Step Patient Interview approach for the screening,diagnosis and treatment of mental health problems.Design and setting This study compared a 5-Step Patient Interview approach(AlKhathami approach)with expert psychiatric interviews based on the Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders,fifth edition,the Patient Health Questionnaire-9(PHQ-9)and the Generalised Anxiety Disorder-7(GAD-7)questionnaire from 1 January 2020 to 30 April 2020 in family practice or primary healthcare centres.Methods A total of 760 participants from five Saudi Arabian regions were selected using a multiclustered random sample of every third patient aged≥18 years,drawn from the clinics’patient list.Results A total of 732 patients agreed to participate,with a response rate of 96.3%;396(54.1%)were women;the mean(Standard Deviation)age was 41.28(14.30)years(ranging from 18 to 84 years).Mental health problems were suspected in 40%of the participants.The 5-Step Patient Interview approach was shown to be comparable to an expert interview by a psychiatrist.Moreover,it was more accurate than the PHQ-9 and GAD-7 self-administered questionnaires in screening for stress and classifying it as mild,moderate to severe or severe.Additionally,the 5-Step Patient Interview approach improved physician-patient communication by encouraging the exploration of patients’perspectives.Conclusions The 5-Step Patient Interview approach is a valid,reliable tool that can aid the integration of mental healthcare into primary healthcare and family practice.Future studies should evaluate the implementation outcomes of the 5-Step Patient Interview approach.
文摘Cooperative principle is supposed to be the basis of any successful communication.It is assumed that in a conversation the par ticipants will cooperate with each other when making their contributions.The principle has wide and useful applications.Based on Grice's Cooperative Principle and the conversational implicature,the following discussion attempts to analyze pragmatically how it can be used in job interview.By means of applying principles of quantity,quality,relation and manner into the job interview,it can be shown that the interview can be successful in the interview if he observes the cooperative principle and derives the conversational implicature.
文摘Laughter enables interview to go smoothly,and is considered as a symbol of successful communication in life story interview.Basing on Gail Jefferson's method of transcription,this paper transcribed ten cases of laughter from one BBC interview with John Maeda and aims to analyze the roles of laughter.Through close observation,this paper concludes three findings.First,in life story interview,topics on family members will induce greater possibility of laughter;second,in most cases,the interviewer will laugh following the interviewee's laughter;third,laughter is not only taken as the acknowledgement token,but also taken as the evasion strategy.
文摘Taking an interview is an important step in job application. The paper starts from resume preparation and understanding of the company culture. Common issues are analyzed, generalized and summarized in the interview. It is necessary to conduct a mock interview in advance. Suggestions on applicant's dressing, eye contact, courtesy and responses are made and a thank-you note should be sent to the interviewer after the interview.
