An approach to addressing the stereo correspondence problem is presented using genetic algorithms (GAs) to obtain a dense disparity map. Different from previous methods, this approach casts the stereo matching as a mu...An approach to addressing the stereo correspondence problem is presented using genetic algorithms (GAs) to obtain a dense disparity map. Different from previous methods, this approach casts the stereo matching as a multi-extrema optimization problem such that finding the fittest solution from a set of potential disparity maps. Among a wide variety of optimization techniques, GAs are proven to be potentially effective methods for the global optimization problems with large search space. With this idea, each disparity map is viewed as an individual and the disparity values are encoded as chromosomes, so each individual has lots of chromosomes in the approach. Then, several matching constraints are formulated into an objective function, and GAs are used to search the global optimal solution for the problem. Furthermore, the coarse-to-fine strategy has been embedded in the approach so as to reduce the matching ambiguity and the time consumption. Finally, experimental results on synthetic and real images show the performance of the work.展开更多
Matching is a classical problem in stereo vision. To solve the matching problem that components cannot continue growing on the occlusions region and repetitive patterns, an improved seed growth method is proposed. The...Matching is a classical problem in stereo vision. To solve the matching problem that components cannot continue growing on the occlusions region and repetitive patterns, an improved seed growth method is proposed. The method obtains a set of interesting points defined as initial seeds from a rectified image. Through global optimization the seeds and their neighbors can be selected in- to a match table. Finally the components grow with the matching points and create a semi-dense map under the maximum similar subset according to the principle of the unique constraint. Experimental results show that the proposed method in the grown process can rectify some errors in matching. The semi-dense map has a good performance in the occlusions region and repetitive patterns. This algorithm is faster and more accurate than the traditional seed growing method.展开更多
BACKGROUND: To assess whether insurance status has an effect on emergency department(ED) length of stay(LOS) and likelihood for admission or transfer to an operating room.METHODS: This was a retrospective cross-sectio...BACKGROUND: To assess whether insurance status has an effect on emergency department(ED) length of stay(LOS) and likelihood for admission or transfer to an operating room.METHODS: This was a retrospective cross-sectional study of all encounters from January 2011 through October 2013 at an urban, academic trauma center. Analysis included multi-variable linear regression for ED LOS and logistic regression for the likelihood of admission.RESULTS: Overall, 201 535 patients met the inclusion criteria, for which the mean age was 43.8 years, 55.9% were female, 23.4% were uninsured and 8% were of non-black race. Admission rate was 24.5% and operative rate was 1.4%. After adjusting for age, sex, triage acuity and race, the presence of insurance coverage was associated with an increased ED LOS of 575(95%CI 552–598) vs. 567(95%CI 543–591) minutes(P<0.01) among admitted patients and a decreased ED LOS of 456(95%CI 381–531) vs. 499(95%CI 423–575) minutes(P<0.01) among those transferred to an operating room. Adjusting for these same predictors, insured status remained a predictor for admission(odds ratio 1.24, 95%CI 1.20–1.28, P<0.01) and a negative predictor for transfer to the operating room(odds ratio 0.84, 95%CI 0.77–0.92, P<0.01).CONCLUSION: The insured experienced a clinically insignificant increase in ED LOS when admitted and a 43-minute decrease in ED LOS when being transferred to the operating room. The insured were more likely to be admitted and less likely to be transferred to an operating room.展开更多
Purpose:Interdisciplinarity is a hot topic in science and technology policy.However,the concept of interdisciplinarity is both abstract and complex,and therefore difficult to measure using a single indicator.A variety...Purpose:Interdisciplinarity is a hot topic in science and technology policy.However,the concept of interdisciplinarity is both abstract and complex,and therefore difficult to measure using a single indicator.A variety of metrics for measuring the diversity and interdisciplinarity of articles,journals,and fields have been proposed in the literature.In this article,we ask whether institutions can be ranked in terms of their(inter-)disciplinary diversity.Design/methodology/approach:We developed a software application(interd_vb.exe)that outputs the values of relevant diversity indicators for any document set or network structure.The software is made available,free to the public,online.The indicators it considers include the advanced diversity indicators Rao-Stirling(RS)diversity and DIV*,as well as standard measures of diversity,such as the Gini coefficient,Shannon entropy,and the Simpson Index.As an empirical demonstration of how the application works,we compared the research portfolios of 42“Double First-Class”Chinese universities across Web of Science Subject Categories(WCs).Findings:The empirical results suggest that DIV*provides results that are more in line with one’s intuitive impressions than RS,particularly when the results are based on sampledependent disparity measures.Furthermore,the scores for diversity are more consistent when based on a global disparity matrix than on a local map.Research limitations:“Interdisciplinarity”can be operationalized as bibliographic coupling among(sets of)documents with references to disciplines.At the institutional level,however,diversity may also indicate comprehensiveness.Unlike impact(e.g.citation),diversity and interdisciplinarity are context-specific and therefore provide a second dimension to the evaluation.Policy or practical implications:Operationalization and quantification make it necessary for analysts to make their choices and options clear.Although the equations used to calculate diversity are often mathematically transparent,the specification in terms of computer code helps the analyst to further precision in decisions.Although diversity is not necessarily a goal of universities,a high diversity score may inform potential policies concerning interdisciplinarity at the university level.Originality/value:This article introduces a non-commercial online application to the public domain that allows researchers and policy analysts to measure“diversity”and“interdisciplinarity”using the various indicators as encompassing as possible for any document set or network structure(e.g.a network of co-authors).Insofar as we know,such a professional computing tool for evaluating data sets using diversity indicators has not yet been made available online.展开更多
Three treatments including mechanical damage, Lymantria dispar attacking and daubing oral secretions of the in-sects on mechanically damaged cut were conducted on Populus simonii譖opulus pyramibalis c.v. in order to f...Three treatments including mechanical damage, Lymantria dispar attacking and daubing oral secretions of the in-sects on mechanically damaged cut were conducted on Populus simonii譖opulus pyramibalis c.v. in order to find the genuine reason leading to effective resistance response of tree to insects attacking. The release situation of the induced volatiles of the plant was analyzed by TCT-GC/MS at 24 hours after damages. The results indicated that some of the volatiles such as (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate, decanal, 3-hexenyl isovalerate, nonanal, ocimene, and 2-cyanobutane can be induced by both insects attack-ing and mechanical damage, while 2,6-dimethyl-1,3,5,7-octatetraene, 2-methyl-6-methylene-1,7-octadien-3-one, caryophyllene, Isovaleronitrile, diethyl-methyl-benzamide, and dicapryl phthalate were only induced by insects attacking. Such difference in volatiles was attributed to that there existed active components in oral sections of the larvae of Lymantria dispar展开更多
This study seeks to investigate the variations associated with lane lateral locations and days of the week in the stochastic and dynamic transition of traffic regimes(DTTR).In the proposed analysis,hierarchical regres...This study seeks to investigate the variations associated with lane lateral locations and days of the week in the stochastic and dynamic transition of traffic regimes(DTTR).In the proposed analysis,hierarchical regression models fitted using Bayesian frameworks were used to calibrate the transition probabilities that describe the DTTR.Datasets of two sites on a freeway facility located in Jacksonville,Florida,were selected for the analysis.The traffic speed thresholds to define traffic regimes were estimated using the Gaussian mixture model(GMM).The GMM revealed that two and three regimes were adequate mixture components for estimating the traffic speed distributions for Site 1 and 2 datasets,respectively.The results of hierarchical regression models show that there is considerable evidence that there are heterogeneity characteristics in the DTTR associated with lateral lane locations.In particular,the hierarchical regressions reveal that the breakdown process is more affected by the variations compared to other evaluated transition processes with the estimated intra-class correlation(ICC)of about 73%.The transition from congestion on-set/dissolution(COD)to the congested regime is estimated with the highest ICC of 49.4%in the three-regime model,and the lowest ICC of 1%was observed on the transition from the congested to COD regime.On the other hand,different days of the week are not found to contribute to the variations(the highest ICC was 1.44%)on the DTTR.These findings can be used in developing effective congestion countermeasures,particularly in the application of intelligent transportation systems,such as dynamic lane-management strategies.展开更多
The experiment on control of Lymantria dispar L by using different kinds ofbiological measures, including nuclear polyhedrosis virus (NPV) of Lymantria dispar L., BtMP-342,sex-attractant as well as botanical insectici...The experiment on control of Lymantria dispar L by using different kinds ofbiological measures, including nuclear polyhedrosis virus (NPV) of Lymantria dispar L., BtMP-342,sex-attractant as well as botanical insecticide, was carried out in the forest regions of InnerMongolia in 2003. Two concentrations (2.632x10^6 PIB ? ml^(-1) and 2.632x10^7 PIB ?ml^(-1)) of Lymantria dispar L. NPV were sprayed on the 2rd-instar-larvae of L. dispar and 70% and77.8% control effect were obtained respectively. BtMP0-342 was applied to the 3rd- and 4th-instarlarvae and the control effect was around 80%. The sex-attractant provided by Canada Pacific ForestryResearch Center also showed a good result in trapping L. dispar adults. The self-produced botanicalinsecticide, which was extracted from a kind of poisonous plant distributed in Daxing'an Mountains,China, exhibited a good control result in controlling the larvae of L. dispar, and 82% mortalitywas observed when spraying primary liquid of the botanical insecticide on the 3rd-5th-instar-larvaein lab.展开更多
Lyantria dispar larvae were fed with the leaves of Populus deltoids seedlings exposed to methyl jasmonate （MeJA） for 24 h. The growth and development of the larvae were investigated, and phenolics contents in treate...Lyantria dispar larvae were fed with the leaves of Populus deltoids seedlings exposed to methyl jasmonate （MeJA） for 24 h. The growth and development of the larvae were investigated, and phenolics contents in treated leaves including pyrocatechol, caffeic acid, coumarin, fernlic acid and benzoic acid were also surveyed by high-pressure liquid chromatography （HPLC）. Results indicated that approximate digestibility, efficiency of conversion of ingested food, efficiency of conversion of digested food, and weight of the larvae were inhibited obviously, especially from the sixth day, which may result from the increase of total phenolics contents in treated leaves. This result provides strong supports for MeJA acting as the airborne signal molecule between woody plants.展开更多
Ecdysteroids play an important role in regulating diverse physiological processes in arthropods,such as molting,metamorphosis,reproduction and diapause.Ecdysteroids mediate the response by binding to a heterodimeric c...Ecdysteroids play an important role in regulating diverse physiological processes in arthropods,such as molting,metamorphosis,reproduction and diapause.Ecdysteroids mediate the response by binding to a heterodimeric complex of two nuclear receptors:the ecdysone receptor and the ultraspiracle(USP).To investigate the role of USP in development of the Asian gypsy moth(Lymantria dispar),a USP cDNA was obtained from the transcriptome of L.dispar and verified by PCR.In-depth profiling of transcript levels of L.dispar USP-1(LdUSP-1)at different developmental stages and over time in thirdinstar larvae and different tissues isolated during the thirdinstar stage of L.dispar was then carried out.Transcript levels of LdUSP-1 were relatively high before 72 h in the third-instar larvae after ecdysis and in the adult male.The function of LdUSP-1 in molting was analyzed by knockdown of LdUSP-1 in third instar larvae using RNA interference.Silencing of LdUSP-1 significantly downregulated the transcript level of E75,an ecdysone-inducible gene,and of Sad,a Halloween gene.In addition,the duration of the third-instar stage was slightly shortened and larval mortality increased after the LdUSP-1 knockdown.展开更多
Wine plays a big role in people's social life both in China and in the West. Based on the perspective of cross culture, thepaper gives a detailed analysis of the disparities of Chinese and western wine culture, an...Wine plays a big role in people's social life both in China and in the West. Based on the perspective of cross culture, thepaper gives a detailed analysis of the disparities of Chinese and western wine culture, and points out the factors for the formingof Chinese and western wine culture. It can be concluded that culture is the key to the understanding of wine phenomenon.展开更多
The critical antioxidant catalase(CAT)breaks down hydrogen peroxide induced by environmental stresses.Here we cloned full length catalase cDNA from Lymantria dispar asiatic(LdCAT).Bioinformatic analyses showed that op...The critical antioxidant catalase(CAT)breaks down hydrogen peroxide induced by environmental stresses.Here we cloned full length catalase cDNA from Lymantria dispar asiatic(LdCAT).Bioinformatic analyses showed that open reading frames of LdCAT contains 1524 bp,encoding 507 amino acids with molecular weight of 126.99 kDa,theoretical pI of 5.00,aliphatic index of 29.92,grand average of hydropathicity of 0.764,and instability index(II)of 46.56.Protein BLAST and multiple sequence alignment indicated that LdCAT had high identity with CAT from other insects,especially lepidopterans.In a phylogenetic analysis,LdCAT was most similar to CAT from Spodoptera litura and S.exigua.Quantitative realtime polymerase chain reaction showed that LdCAT transcripts in all instar larvae and the five tissues tested,verifying the ubiquity of LdCAT in L.disapr.Moreover,LdCAT of third instar larvae was significantly upregulated after they fed on avermectin at sublethal and LC10 doses.The highest relative transcript levels were found 2 h after an avermectin spray at LC90,and in the cuticula,rather than heads,fat bodies,malpighian tubes,and midguts after a spray avermectin at a sublethal concentration.The expression level of LdCAT under pesticide stresses here suggested that CAT is an important antioxidant enzyme of L.disapr defensing against pesticide stress and may be a good target for controlling this pest.展开更多
The life circle and bionomics ofLymantria dispar was studied from the May to the July of 1997 in Tulihe Forestry Enterprise of Inner Mongolia. The results showed thatL. dispar has one generation in a year, larvae over...The life circle and bionomics ofLymantria dispar was studied from the May to the July of 1997 in Tulihe Forestry Enterprise of Inner Mongolia. The results showed thatL. dispar has one generation in a year, larvae overwinters in eggs, and last 50 days to grow up. From the completing of larvae period to the appearing of adults lasts 11 days. The study made a basis for the period forecasting of L.dispar in Inner Mongolia.展开更多
field attraction test of (7R,8S)-cis-7,8-epoxy-2- methyloctadec-17-ene (= 7R,8S-epo-2me-17ene-18Hy), a trace component of the sex pheromone gland of the Asian gypsy moth,(Lymantria dispar), traps that were baited with...field attraction test of (7R,8S)-cis-7,8-epoxy-2- methyloctadec-17-ene (= 7R,8S-epo-2me-17ene-18Hy), a trace component of the sex pheromone gland of the Asian gypsy moth,(Lymantria dispar), traps that were baited with the trace component attracted more L. dispar than traps baited with (7S,8R)-cis-7,8-epoxy-2-methyloctadec-17-ene (= 7S,8R-epo-2me-17ene-18Hy) and unbaited traps. However, traps baited with 7R,8S-epo-2me-17ene-18Hy were less attractive than traps baited with (+)-disparlure [=(7R,8S)-cis-7,8-epoxy-2-methyloctadecane], the sex pheromone of L. dispar. Combination tests with (?)-disparlure, 7R,8S-epo-2me-17ene-18Hy, and 7S,8R-epo-2me- 17ene-18Hy revealed that 7R,8S-epo-2me-17ene-18Hy acted synergistically with (?)-disparlure.展开更多
BACKGROUND: There is little consensus as to the effects of insurance expansion on emergency department(ED) utilization for mental health purposes. We aimed to study the race specifi c association between the dependent...BACKGROUND: There is little consensus as to the effects of insurance expansion on emergency department(ED) utilization for mental health purposes. We aimed to study the race specifi c association between the dependent coverage provision of the Affordable Care Act(ACA) and changes in young adults' usage of emergency department services for psychiatric diagnoses.METHODS: We utilized a Quasi-Experimental analysis of ED use in California from 2009–2011 for behavioral health diagnoses of individuals aged 19 to 31 years. Analysis used a difference-indifferences approach comparing those targeted by the ACA dependent provision(19–25 years) and those who were not(27 to 31 years), evaluating changes in ED visit rates per 1 000 in California. Primary outcomes measured included the quarterly ED visit rates with any psychiatric diagnosis. Subgroups were analyzed for differences based on race and gender.RESULTS: The ACA dependent provision was associated with 0.05 per 1 000 people fewer psychiatric ED visits among the treatment group(19–25 years) compared to the control group(27–31 years). Hispanics and Asian/Pacific Islanders were the only racial subgroups who did not see this significant reduction and were the only racial subgroups that did not see significant gains in the proportion of psychiatric ED visits covered by private insurance.CONCLUSION: The ACA dependent provision was associated with a modest reduction in the growth rate of ED use for psychiatric reasons, however, racial disparities in the effect of this provision exist for patients of Hispanic and Asian/Pacifi c Islander racial groups.展开更多
文摘An approach to addressing the stereo correspondence problem is presented using genetic algorithms (GAs) to obtain a dense disparity map. Different from previous methods, this approach casts the stereo matching as a multi-extrema optimization problem such that finding the fittest solution from a set of potential disparity maps. Among a wide variety of optimization techniques, GAs are proven to be potentially effective methods for the global optimization problems with large search space. With this idea, each disparity map is viewed as an individual and the disparity values are encoded as chromosomes, so each individual has lots of chromosomes in the approach. Then, several matching constraints are formulated into an objective function, and GAs are used to search the global optimal solution for the problem. Furthermore, the coarse-to-fine strategy has been embedded in the approach so as to reduce the matching ambiguity and the time consumption. Finally, experimental results on synthetic and real images show the performance of the work.
基金Supported by State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Techno logy Foundation(YBKT11-7)
文摘Matching is a classical problem in stereo vision. To solve the matching problem that components cannot continue growing on the occlusions region and repetitive patterns, an improved seed growth method is proposed. The method obtains a set of interesting points defined as initial seeds from a rectified image. Through global optimization the seeds and their neighbors can be selected in- to a match table. Finally the components grow with the matching points and create a semi-dense map under the maximum similar subset according to the principle of the unique constraint. Experimental results show that the proposed method in the grown process can rectify some errors in matching. The semi-dense map has a good performance in the occlusions region and repetitive patterns. This algorithm is faster and more accurate than the traditional seed growing method.
文摘BACKGROUND: To assess whether insurance status has an effect on emergency department(ED) length of stay(LOS) and likelihood for admission or transfer to an operating room.METHODS: This was a retrospective cross-sectional study of all encounters from January 2011 through October 2013 at an urban, academic trauma center. Analysis included multi-variable linear regression for ED LOS and logistic regression for the likelihood of admission.RESULTS: Overall, 201 535 patients met the inclusion criteria, for which the mean age was 43.8 years, 55.9% were female, 23.4% were uninsured and 8% were of non-black race. Admission rate was 24.5% and operative rate was 1.4%. After adjusting for age, sex, triage acuity and race, the presence of insurance coverage was associated with an increased ED LOS of 575(95%CI 552–598) vs. 567(95%CI 543–591) minutes(P<0.01) among admitted patients and a decreased ED LOS of 456(95%CI 381–531) vs. 499(95%CI 423–575) minutes(P<0.01) among those transferred to an operating room. Adjusting for these same predictors, insured status remained a predictor for admission(odds ratio 1.24, 95%CI 1.20–1.28, P<0.01) and a negative predictor for transfer to the operating room(odds ratio 0.84, 95%CI 0.77–0.92, P<0.01).CONCLUSION: The insured experienced a clinically insignificant increase in ED LOS when admitted and a 43-minute decrease in ED LOS when being transferred to the operating room. The insured were more likely to be admitted and less likely to be transferred to an operating room.
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.71573085,71974150).
文摘Purpose:Interdisciplinarity is a hot topic in science and technology policy.However,the concept of interdisciplinarity is both abstract and complex,and therefore difficult to measure using a single indicator.A variety of metrics for measuring the diversity and interdisciplinarity of articles,journals,and fields have been proposed in the literature.In this article,we ask whether institutions can be ranked in terms of their(inter-)disciplinary diversity.Design/methodology/approach:We developed a software application(interd_vb.exe)that outputs the values of relevant diversity indicators for any document set or network structure.The software is made available,free to the public,online.The indicators it considers include the advanced diversity indicators Rao-Stirling(RS)diversity and DIV*,as well as standard measures of diversity,such as the Gini coefficient,Shannon entropy,and the Simpson Index.As an empirical demonstration of how the application works,we compared the research portfolios of 42“Double First-Class”Chinese universities across Web of Science Subject Categories(WCs).Findings:The empirical results suggest that DIV*provides results that are more in line with one’s intuitive impressions than RS,particularly when the results are based on sampledependent disparity measures.Furthermore,the scores for diversity are more consistent when based on a global disparity matrix than on a local map.Research limitations:“Interdisciplinarity”can be operationalized as bibliographic coupling among(sets of)documents with references to disciplines.At the institutional level,however,diversity may also indicate comprehensiveness.Unlike impact(e.g.citation),diversity and interdisciplinarity are context-specific and therefore provide a second dimension to the evaluation.Policy or practical implications:Operationalization and quantification make it necessary for analysts to make their choices and options clear.Although the equations used to calculate diversity are often mathematically transparent,the specification in terms of computer code helps the analyst to further precision in decisions.Although diversity is not necessarily a goal of universities,a high diversity score may inform potential policies concerning interdisciplinarity at the university level.Originality/value:This article introduces a non-commercial online application to the public domain that allows researchers and policy analysts to measure“diversity”and“interdisciplinarity”using the various indicators as encompassing as possible for any document set or network structure(e.g.a network of co-authors).Insofar as we know,such a professional computing tool for evaluating data sets using diversity indicators has not yet been made available online.
基金This research is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.30170764) and the Postgraduate Training Fund of Graduate School of Beijing Forestry University (No.03SW004)
文摘Three treatments including mechanical damage, Lymantria dispar attacking and daubing oral secretions of the in-sects on mechanically damaged cut were conducted on Populus simonii譖opulus pyramibalis c.v. in order to find the genuine reason leading to effective resistance response of tree to insects attacking. The release situation of the induced volatiles of the plant was analyzed by TCT-GC/MS at 24 hours after damages. The results indicated that some of the volatiles such as (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate, decanal, 3-hexenyl isovalerate, nonanal, ocimene, and 2-cyanobutane can be induced by both insects attack-ing and mechanical damage, while 2,6-dimethyl-1,3,5,7-octatetraene, 2-methyl-6-methylene-1,7-octadien-3-one, caryophyllene, Isovaleronitrile, diethyl-methyl-benzamide, and dicapryl phthalate were only induced by insects attacking. Such difference in volatiles was attributed to that there existed active components in oral sections of the larvae of Lymantria dispar
文摘This study seeks to investigate the variations associated with lane lateral locations and days of the week in the stochastic and dynamic transition of traffic regimes(DTTR).In the proposed analysis,hierarchical regression models fitted using Bayesian frameworks were used to calibrate the transition probabilities that describe the DTTR.Datasets of two sites on a freeway facility located in Jacksonville,Florida,were selected for the analysis.The traffic speed thresholds to define traffic regimes were estimated using the Gaussian mixture model(GMM).The GMM revealed that two and three regimes were adequate mixture components for estimating the traffic speed distributions for Site 1 and 2 datasets,respectively.The results of hierarchical regression models show that there is considerable evidence that there are heterogeneity characteristics in the DTTR associated with lateral lane locations.In particular,the hierarchical regressions reveal that the breakdown process is more affected by the variations compared to other evaluated transition processes with the estimated intra-class correlation(ICC)of about 73%.The transition from congestion on-set/dissolution(COD)to the congested regime is estimated with the highest ICC of 49.4%in the three-regime model,and the lowest ICC of 1%was observed on the transition from the congested to COD regime.On the other hand,different days of the week are not found to contribute to the variations(the highest ICC was 1.44%)on the DTTR.These findings can be used in developing effective congestion countermeasures,particularly in the application of intelligent transportation systems,such as dynamic lane-management strategies.
基金This paper was supported by Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province (C0235) and Youth Foundation of Harbin City (0061218024).
文摘The experiment on control of Lymantria dispar L by using different kinds ofbiological measures, including nuclear polyhedrosis virus (NPV) of Lymantria dispar L., BtMP-342,sex-attractant as well as botanical insecticide, was carried out in the forest regions of InnerMongolia in 2003. Two concentrations (2.632x10^6 PIB ? ml^(-1) and 2.632x10^7 PIB ?ml^(-1)) of Lymantria dispar L. NPV were sprayed on the 2rd-instar-larvae of L. dispar and 70% and77.8% control effect were obtained respectively. BtMP0-342 was applied to the 3rd- and 4th-instarlarvae and the control effect was around 80%. The sex-attractant provided by Canada Pacific ForestryResearch Center also showed a good result in trapping L. dispar adults. The self-produced botanicalinsecticide, which was extracted from a kind of poisonous plant distributed in Daxing'an Mountains,China, exhibited a good control result in controlling the larvae of L. dispar, and 82% mortalitywas observed when spraying primary liquid of the botanical insecticide on the 3rd-5th-instar-larvaein lab.
基金This research was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.30170764)
文摘Lyantria dispar larvae were fed with the leaves of Populus deltoids seedlings exposed to methyl jasmonate （MeJA） for 24 h. The growth and development of the larvae were investigated, and phenolics contents in treated leaves including pyrocatechol, caffeic acid, coumarin, fernlic acid and benzoic acid were also surveyed by high-pressure liquid chromatography （HPLC）. Results indicated that approximate digestibility, efficiency of conversion of ingested food, efficiency of conversion of digested food, and weight of the larvae were inhibited obviously, especially from the sixth day, which may result from the increase of total phenolics contents in treated leaves. This result provides strong supports for MeJA acting as the airborne signal molecule between woody plants.
基金This research was supported by Grants from the Natural Science Foundation of China(31770688)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2572017AA17)+1 种基金the Ph.D.Programs Foundation of HeZe University(XY18BS06)the Ph.D.Programs Foundation of HeZe University(XY18BS05).
文摘Ecdysteroids play an important role in regulating diverse physiological processes in arthropods,such as molting,metamorphosis,reproduction and diapause.Ecdysteroids mediate the response by binding to a heterodimeric complex of two nuclear receptors:the ecdysone receptor and the ultraspiracle(USP).To investigate the role of USP in development of the Asian gypsy moth(Lymantria dispar),a USP cDNA was obtained from the transcriptome of L.dispar and verified by PCR.In-depth profiling of transcript levels of L.dispar USP-1(LdUSP-1)at different developmental stages and over time in thirdinstar larvae and different tissues isolated during the thirdinstar stage of L.dispar was then carried out.Transcript levels of LdUSP-1 were relatively high before 72 h in the third-instar larvae after ecdysis and in the adult male.The function of LdUSP-1 in molting was analyzed by knockdown of LdUSP-1 in third instar larvae using RNA interference.Silencing of LdUSP-1 significantly downregulated the transcript level of E75,an ecdysone-inducible gene,and of Sad,a Halloween gene.In addition,the duration of the third-instar stage was slightly shortened and larval mortality increased after the LdUSP-1 knockdown.
文摘Wine plays a big role in people's social life both in China and in the West. Based on the perspective of cross culture, thepaper gives a detailed analysis of the disparities of Chinese and western wine culture, and points out the factors for the formingof Chinese and western wine culture. It can be concluded that culture is the key to the understanding of wine phenomenon.
文摘The critical antioxidant catalase(CAT)breaks down hydrogen peroxide induced by environmental stresses.Here we cloned full length catalase cDNA from Lymantria dispar asiatic(LdCAT).Bioinformatic analyses showed that open reading frames of LdCAT contains 1524 bp,encoding 507 amino acids with molecular weight of 126.99 kDa,theoretical pI of 5.00,aliphatic index of 29.92,grand average of hydropathicity of 0.764,and instability index(II)of 46.56.Protein BLAST and multiple sequence alignment indicated that LdCAT had high identity with CAT from other insects,especially lepidopterans.In a phylogenetic analysis,LdCAT was most similar to CAT from Spodoptera litura and S.exigua.Quantitative realtime polymerase chain reaction showed that LdCAT transcripts in all instar larvae and the five tissues tested,verifying the ubiquity of LdCAT in L.disapr.Moreover,LdCAT of third instar larvae was significantly upregulated after they fed on avermectin at sublethal and LC10 doses.The highest relative transcript levels were found 2 h after an avermectin spray at LC90,and in the cuticula,rather than heads,fat bodies,malpighian tubes,and midguts after a spray avermectin at a sublethal concentration.The expression level of LdCAT under pesticide stresses here suggested that CAT is an important antioxidant enzyme of L.disapr defensing against pesticide stress and may be a good target for controlling this pest.
文摘The life circle and bionomics ofLymantria dispar was studied from the May to the July of 1997 in Tulihe Forestry Enterprise of Inner Mongolia. The results showed thatL. dispar has one generation in a year, larvae overwinters in eggs, and last 50 days to grow up. From the completing of larvae period to the appearing of adults lasts 11 days. The study made a basis for the period forecasting of L.dispar in Inner Mongolia.
基金support of the "Cooperative Research Program for Agriculture Science and Technology Development(Project No.PJ01175601)" Rural Development Administration,Republic of Korea
文摘field attraction test of (7R,8S)-cis-7,8-epoxy-2- methyloctadec-17-ene (= 7R,8S-epo-2me-17ene-18Hy), a trace component of the sex pheromone gland of the Asian gypsy moth,(Lymantria dispar), traps that were baited with the trace component attracted more L. dispar than traps baited with (7S,8R)-cis-7,8-epoxy-2-methyloctadec-17-ene (= 7S,8R-epo-2me-17ene-18Hy) and unbaited traps. However, traps baited with 7R,8S-epo-2me-17ene-18Hy were less attractive than traps baited with (+)-disparlure [=(7R,8S)-cis-7,8-epoxy-2-methyloctadecane], the sex pheromone of L. dispar. Combination tests with (?)-disparlure, 7R,8S-epo-2me-17ene-18Hy, and 7S,8R-epo-2me- 17ene-18Hy revealed that 7R,8S-epo-2me-17ene-18Hy acted synergistically with (?)-disparlure.
文摘BACKGROUND: There is little consensus as to the effects of insurance expansion on emergency department(ED) utilization for mental health purposes. We aimed to study the race specifi c association between the dependent coverage provision of the Affordable Care Act(ACA) and changes in young adults' usage of emergency department services for psychiatric diagnoses.METHODS: We utilized a Quasi-Experimental analysis of ED use in California from 2009–2011 for behavioral health diagnoses of individuals aged 19 to 31 years. Analysis used a difference-indifferences approach comparing those targeted by the ACA dependent provision(19–25 years) and those who were not(27 to 31 years), evaluating changes in ED visit rates per 1 000 in California. Primary outcomes measured included the quarterly ED visit rates with any psychiatric diagnosis. Subgroups were analyzed for differences based on race and gender.RESULTS: The ACA dependent provision was associated with 0.05 per 1 000 people fewer psychiatric ED visits among the treatment group(19–25 years) compared to the control group(27–31 years). Hispanics and Asian/Pacific Islanders were the only racial subgroups who did not see this significant reduction and were the only racial subgroups that did not see significant gains in the proportion of psychiatric ED visits covered by private insurance.CONCLUSION: The ACA dependent provision was associated with a modest reduction in the growth rate of ED use for psychiatric reasons, however, racial disparities in the effect of this provision exist for patients of Hispanic and Asian/Pacifi c Islander racial groups.
