The boundness and compactness of products of multiplication,composition and differentiation on weighted Bergman spaces in the unit ball are studied.We define the differentiation operator on the space of holomorphic fu...The boundness and compactness of products of multiplication,composition and differentiation on weighted Bergman spaces in the unit ball are studied.We define the differentiation operator on the space of holomorphic functions in the unit ball by radial derivative.Then we extend the Sharma's results.展开更多
Objective To explore the value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS)for predicting differentiation degree of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Methods Totally 86 HCC patients confirmed by postoperative pathology were retr...Objective To explore the value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS)for predicting differentiation degree of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Methods Totally 86 HCC patients confirmed by postoperative pathology were retrospectively enrolled and divided into poorly differentiated,moderately differentiated and highly differentiated groups according to postoperative Edmondson-Steiner grading.Preoperative CEUS parameters were compared among groups,and binary logistic regression was used to analyze CEUS-related independent predictors of HCC with different differentiation.The receiver operating characteristic curves of parameters being significant different among groups were drawn,the areas under the curve(AUC)were calculated,and the efficacy for predicting HCC with different differentiation degree was evaluated.Results There were 29 cases in poorly differentiated group,37 in moderately differentiated group and 20 cases in highly differentiated group.The arrival time of contrast agent in poorly differentiated group was earlier than that in moderately and high differentiated groups(both P<0.05),while in moderately differentiated group was not significantly different with that in highly differentiated group(P>0.05).The washout grade were significantly different between each 2 groups(all P<0.05).The arrival time of contrast agent and washout grade were independent predictors of highly or poorly differentiated,moderately or poorly differentiated,moderate-highly or poorly differentiated HCC,and washout grade also was independent predictor of highly or moderately differentiated HCC(all P<0.05).The AUC of the arrival time of contrast agent for predicting highly or moderately differentiated,highly or poorly differentiated,moderately or poorly differentiated,moderate-highly or poorly differentiated HCC was 0.615,0.787,0.690 and 0.724,respectively,while of washout grade was 0.801,0.927,0.795 and 0.841,respectively.Conclusion CEUS could be used to effectively predict differentiation degree of HCC.展开更多
Signal filtering and differential acquisition are classic yet challenging issues in control engineering.The discrete-time optimal control(DTOC)based on classic tracking differentiator(TD)can effectively extract differ...Signal filtering and differential acquisition are classic yet challenging issues in control engineering.The discrete-time optimal control(DTOC)based on classic tracking differentiator(TD)can effectively extract differentiation signals and filter signals,while eliminating the chattering problem that arises during the discretization of the continuous solution.However,under external disturbance,the convergence mode may change,leading to overshoot and noise amplification.In this paper,a dual-switching strategy is proposed,which can alternate between the base double-integral system and its dual system according to the quadrant of the system’s state.And a novel linearized control law is also introduced,deriving a novel dual-switch tracking differentiator.Further analysis of system convergence and time optimality is provided.Simulation results show that the application of this dual-switching strategy notably reduces overshoot in both tracking and differential signals while enhancing noise filtering performance.Moreover,experiments conducted on a permanent magnet synchronous motor(PMSM)platform,where the proposed TD acts as a filter in the speed feedback loop,demonstrate that the standard deviation between the reference speed and the target speed(at a constant speed of 378 r/min)decreased from 5.63 r/min to 4.93 r/min,compared to the moving average algorithm.展开更多
When the maneuverability of a pursuer is not significantly higher than that of an evader,it will be difficult to intercept the evader with only one pursuer.Therefore,this article adopts a two-to-one differential game ...When the maneuverability of a pursuer is not significantly higher than that of an evader,it will be difficult to intercept the evader with only one pursuer.Therefore,this article adopts a two-to-one differential game strategy,the game of kind is generally considered to be angle-optimized,which allows unlimited turns,but these practices do not take into account the effect of acceleration,which does not correspond to the actual situation,thus,based on the angle-optimized,the acceleration optimization and the acceleration upper bound constraint are added into the game for consideration.A two-to-one differential game problem is proposed in the three-dimensional space,and an improved multi-objective grey wolf optimization(IMOGWO)algorithm is proposed to solve the optimal game point of this problem.With the equations that describe the relative motions between the pursuers and the evader in the three-dimensional space,a multi-objective function with constraints is given as the performance index to design an optimal strategy for the differential game.Then the optimal game point is solved by using the IMOGWO algorithm.It is proved based on Markov chains that with the IMOGWO,the Pareto solution set is the solution of the differential game.Finally,it is verified through simulations that the pursuers can capture the escapee,and via comparative experiments,it is shown that the IMOGWO algorithm performs well in terms of running time and memory usage.展开更多
To examine the effect of myogenin gene on the differentiation of bovine skeletal muscle satellite cell, we constructed small interfering RNA plasmid vector to obtain myogenin knockdown bovine skeletal muscle cells, th...To examine the effect of myogenin gene on the differentiation of bovine skeletal muscle satellite cell, we constructed small interfering RNA plasmid vector to obtain myogenin knockdown bovine skeletal muscle cells, then used cell transfection, real time RCR and Western Blot to detect the influence of myogenin to cell differentiation. Results showed that the knockdown of myogenin significantly decreased its expression and other muscle-specific genes. Compared to the control, it could differentiate into few myotubes when challenged by low serum in the medium. These findings provided an important theoretical basis for further explore of the genetic mechanism in adult skeletal muscle, the remedy of muscle injuries and the cultivation of high-yield transgenic cattle.展开更多
Since the diccovery of neural stem cells(NSCs)in the embryonic and adult mammalian central nerous system,it provided novel ideas forneurogenesis as the potential of proliferation and differentiation of NSCs.One of the...Since the diccovery of neural stem cells(NSCs)in the embryonic and adult mammalian central nerous system,it provided novel ideas forneurogenesis as the potential of proliferation and differentiation of NSCs.One of the ways to promote the clinical application of neural stem cells(NSCs)is searching effective methods which regulate the proliferation and differentiation.This is also a problem urgently to be solved in medical field.Plenty of earlier studies have shown that traditional chinese medicine can promote the proliferation and differentiation of NSCs by regulating the related signaling pathway in vivo and in vitro.The reports of Chinese and foreign literatures on regulating the proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells in recent ten years and their target and signaling pathways is analyzed in this review.The traditional chinese medicine regulate proliferation and differentiation of NSCs by the signaling pathways of Notch,PI3K/Akt,Wnt/β-catenin,and GFs.And,those signaling pathways have cross-talk in the regulation progress.Moreover,some traditional Chinese medicine,such as astragalus,has a variety of active ingredients to regulate proliferation and differentiation of NSCs through different signaling pathways.However,to accelerate the clinical application of neural stem cells,the studies aboutthe proliferation and differentiation of NSCs and Chinese medicine should be further deepened,the mechanism of multiple targets and the comprehensive regulation function of traditional Chinese medicine should be clarified.展开更多
Aphis glycines （Hemiptera： Aphididae） is considered as a cosmopolitan pest of cultivated soybean, major difficulties in its control measures may be due to its higher genetic diversity; however, the knowledge about ...Aphis glycines （Hemiptera： Aphididae） is considered as a cosmopolitan pest of cultivated soybean, major difficulties in its control measures may be due to its higher genetic diversity; however, the knowledge about population genetic diversity of this species is limited. This study aimed to represent the genetic differentiation among different geographic populations of soybean aphid in Northeast China. In order to investigate and assess the genetic diversity, genetic differentiation, molecular variance, population structure, ecological importance and evolutionary history of A. glycines, we sequenced a fragment of one protein-coding gene, the cytochrome c oxidase I/of mitochondrial DNA gene. The results showed that four haplotypes were defined among CO 11 gene of 180 sequences of soybean aphid in Northeast China including H1 shared by all the populations. Lower haplotype diversity （Hd=0.3590± 0.0420） and nucleotide diversity （Pi=0.0012±0.0002） were observed and high gene flow was detected in every two populations, while most of the variation （80.81%） arose from variability within A. glycines from individuals. Low genetic differentiation and high gene flow （Nm=2.106） indicated a high migration rate between the populations, which might reveal that gene flow in different geographic populations did not affect by geographical distance. The phylogenetic tree and the haplotype network ofA. glycines were obtained based on sequences of CO Ⅱ gene, there were no significant genealogical branches or clusters recognized in NJ tree, and no clear distribution, delineation of haplotypes were demonstrated in the haplotype network according to geographical location. This study rejected the vicariance hypothesis： geographic isolation could be a barrier and it restricted A. glycines gene flow among 10 populations.展开更多
The ventral quadrant of the tracheal epithelium of the hamster,about one fourth of tracheal mucosa, was denuded by a venous needle reformed.The stains were made with HE, PAS, and PAS-anti Brdu immunohis-tochemic techn...The ventral quadrant of the tracheal epithelium of the hamster,about one fourth of tracheal mucosa, was denuded by a venous needle reformed.The stains were made with HE, PAS, and PAS-anti Brdu immunohis-tochemic technique. At the 0 h circumference cell number (CCN) was 927. 25.From 6 h post injured the viable cells changed in shapes and migrated from themargin to wound site. By 24 h the wound area was completely covered by a sin-gle layer of non-ciliated flattened cells, then an expotential increassing in cellregeneration occured in wound site by 48 h. The CCN had been restored to thelevel of control (1373), and the proliferative cell, composed of polygonal epi-dermoid metaplasia, 3～4 layers and reached a peak (338.8). The secretoryand ciliated cells appeared gradually from 72 h post injury, the epithelium re-stored to the normal epithelial architecture by one week post injury. In our pre-sent study either in control and non-injured epithelium or in all stages of woundsite about 70% of the Brdu positive cells contained small or confluent PAS posi-tive granules were observed. This fact indicated that secretory cells play a im-portant role in proliferation after mechanical injury and maintaining the normaltracheal pseudostratified epithelium.展开更多
The decreased osteoblast differentiation associated with reduced bone formation is one main cause of microgravityinduced bone loss.Our previous studies have demonstrated that microtubule actin crosslinking factor 1(MA...The decreased osteoblast differentiation associated with reduced bone formation is one main cause of microgravityinduced bone loss.Our previous studies have demonstrated that microtubule actin crosslinking factor 1(MACF1)is downregulated in association with the decreased osteoblast differentiation and bone formation under simulated microgravity conditions.These findings suggest that MACF1 is sensitive to mechanical condition and may be critical for osteoblast differentiation and bone formation.To verify this hypothesis,current study investigates the role and mechanism of MACF1 in regulatingosteoblast differentiation by adopting MACF1 knockdown(MACF1-KD)osteoblasts.The results showed that MACF1 knockdown suppressed mineralized nodules formation,alkaline phosphatase(ALP)activity,osteogenic gene expression andβ-catenin signaling transduction.Moreover,we used RNA sequencing(RNA-seq)and chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing(ChIP-seq)to investigate further mechanism.Interestingly,we found that MACF1 sequesterd repressors of osteoblast differentiation in cytoplasm.In conclusion,MACF1 is sensitive to mechanical condition and plays key role in activatingβ-catenin signaling transduction and sequestering repressors of osteoblast differentiation,which further promotes osteoblast differentiation.展开更多
OBJECTIVE To elucidate the underlying mechanism of DMAG in proliferation inhibition and differentia⁃tion induction on acute myeloid leukemia(AML)cell line HEL.METHODS Through CCK8 assay and colony-formation assay to d...OBJECTIVE To elucidate the underlying mechanism of DMAG in proliferation inhibition and differentia⁃tion induction on acute myeloid leukemia(AML)cell line HEL.METHODS Through CCK8 assay and colony-formation assay to detect the anti-proliferative ability of DMAG on HEL cells.Cell morphological observation(including Giemsa staining assay)and flow cytometry detecting the expression of CD41/CD42b and DNA ploidy detection were performed to identify the effect of DMAG on differentiation of HEL cells.Whole-transcriptome sequencing was taken to investigate the potential molecular mechanism of anti-AML effect of DMAG.Gene Ontology(GO)and KEGG pathway analyses were performed to evaluate molecular processes and biological pathways associated with di ff erentially expressed lncRNA,mRNA,miRNA and circRNA induced by DMAG.Co-expression network analysis was implemented to characterize the differentially expressed lncRNAs,mRNAs,miRNAs and cicrRNAs induced by DMAG.RT-qPCR was used to verify the reliability of the whole-transcriptome sequencing data.RESULTS DMAG not only significantly inhibited the prolifera⁃tion of HEL cells,but also induced the differentiation of HEL cells to megakaryocytes.Whole-transcriptome sequencing showed that a total of 595 lncRNAs,64 miRNAs,4030 mRNAs and 35 circRNAs were remarkably differentially expressed during DMAG induced differentiation of HEL cells.GO and KEGG pathway analyses revealed that those dif⁃ferentially expressed non-coding RNAs were mainly involved in biological processes as diverse as metabolic pathway,apoptosis and cell cycle.Co-expression network analysis indicated that the lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA co-expression network consisted of 40 lncRNAs and 33 miRNAs and 81 mRNAs.Meanwhile,24 circRNA,22 miRNA and 65 mRNAs partook in the construction of circRNA-miRNA-mRNA co-expression network.CONCLUSION DMAG may act as a potent differenti⁃ation inducer of AML cells.展开更多
A total of 104 isolates including two Korean isolates and three Japanese isolates of Phytophthora infestans collected from Heilongjiang and Jilin Provinces from 2006 to 2008 were used to determine their mating types,m...A total of 104 isolates including two Korean isolates and three Japanese isolates of Phytophthora infestans collected from Heilongjiang and Jilin Provinces from 2006 to 2008 were used to determine their mating types,metalaxyl resistance,and RAPD genotypes.All the isolates of P.infestans collected from Heilongjiang and Jilin Provinces belonged to A 1 mating type,and no A 2 mating type was detected.Frequencies of metalaxyl resistant isolates were 94.4%,47.8% and 75.0% in 2006,2007 and 2008,respectively.Accord...展开更多
An excellent Lonicera edulis strain, L1-8 that was bred by Northeast Institute of Geography and Agro-ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, was used as material in this research. The axillary buds of its dormant branch...An excellent Lonicera edulis strain, L1-8 that was bred by Northeast Institute of Geography and Agro-ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, was used as material in this research. The axillary buds of its dormant branches were used as explants. A fourfactor and four-level orthogonal test was designed in order to choose the best differentiation medium for providing the technical support of Lonicera edulis micropropagation. The results showed that the culture medium and concentration of 6-BA were the main factors, and the best differentiation condition was MS culture medium containing 2.0 mg · L-1 6-BA, 0.3 mg · L-1 IBA and 1.5 mg · L-1 GA3.展开更多
In order to slove the large-scale nonlinear programming （NLP） problems efficiently, an efficient optimization algorithm based on reduced sequential quadratic programming （rSQP） and automatic differentiation （AD）...In order to slove the large-scale nonlinear programming （NLP） problems efficiently, an efficient optimization algorithm based on reduced sequential quadratic programming （rSQP） and automatic differentiation （AD） is presented in this paper. With the characteristics of sparseness, relatively low degrees of freedom and equality constraints utilized, the nonlinear programming problem is solved by improved rSQP solver. In the solving process, AD technology is used to obtain accurate gradient information. The numerical results show that the combined algorithm, which is suitable for large-scale process optimization problems, can calculate more efficiently than rSQP itself.展开更多
The experiment was designed to study effects of retinoic acid and ascorbic acid on differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells to cardiomyocytes. Embryonic bodies （EB） were developed from mESC in suspension cultur...The experiment was designed to study effects of retinoic acid and ascorbic acid on differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells to cardiomyocytes. Embryonic bodies （EB） were developed from mESC in suspension culture, different levels of concentration of retinoic acid and ascorbic acid were used to determine the optimal conditions for EB formation. The results showed that the optimal concentrations were 10.9 mol. L-1 and 0.1 mg. mL-1 for retinoic acid and ascorbic acids, respectively. 50% of EB which was significantly （p〈0.05） different from the control group developed to cardiomyocytes. In conclusion, rctinoic acid and ascorbic acid had strong ability to promote cardiomyocyte differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells. 10-9 mol. L-1 retinoic acid and 0.10 mg. mL-1 ascorbic acids were recommended to induce differentiation of mouse ES ceUs toward cardiomyocytes.展开更多
A new numerical differentiation method with local opti- mum by data segmentation is proposed. The segmentation of data is based on the second derivatives computed by a Fourier devel- opment method. A filtering process...A new numerical differentiation method with local opti- mum by data segmentation is proposed. The segmentation of data is based on the second derivatives computed by a Fourier devel- opment method. A filtering process is used to achieve acceptable segmentation. Numerical results are presented by using the data segmentation method, compared with the regularization method. For further investigation, the proposed algorithm is applied to the resistance capacitance （RC） networks identification problem, and improvements of the result are obtained by using this algorithm.展开更多
OBJECTIVE To investigate the inhibitory effect of scutellarin on the self-renewal and differentiation of HT-29 cells-derived cancer stem-like cells(HT-29CSC)in vitro and in vivo,and to explore its mechanism.METHODS Th...OBJECTIVE To investigate the inhibitory effect of scutellarin on the self-renewal and differentiation of HT-29 cells-derived cancer stem-like cells(HT-29CSC)in vitro and in vivo,and to explore its mechanism.METHODS The effect of scutellarin on the growth of HT-29CSC was determined by 3D Culture assay.The effect of scutellarin on growth and transformation of HT-29CSC was probed by soft agar colony formation assay.The effect of scutellarin on the differentiation of HT-29CSC was determined by serum induction differentiation assay in vitro.The effects of scutellarin on the expressions of marker gene Lgr5,target gene c-Myc,proliferation gene CK20 and Nanog gene were measured by quantitative real-time RT-PCR.Investigate the effect of scutellarin on the expression of c-Myc,Gli1,and Lgr5 protein by Western blotting.A subcutaneous xenograft model of colon cancer in nude mice was established and administered by intraperitoneal injection.The change of body weight and tumor size of nude mice were observed every two days.Investi⁃gate the effects of scutellarin on the growth of xenograft tumors in nude mice.The expression of CD133,Lgr5,Gli1,Ptch1,c-Myc,Ki67,CK20,Nanog gene in tumors were measured by quantitative real-time RT-PCR.The expression of c-Myc,Gli1,Lgr5,CD133,Ki67 protein were measured by Western blotting.RESULTS Scutellarin can inhibit the growth of HT-29CSC in 3D culture.Compared with the solvent control group,scutellarin can significantly inhibit the growth and transformation and differentiation of HT-29CSC in vitro(P<0.01).The expression levels of marker genes Lgr5,target gene c-Myc,proliferation gene CK20 and Nanog in HT-29CSC were down-regulated by scutellarin.Scutellarin can reduce the expression of c-Myc,Gli1,and Lgr5 protein in HT-29CSC.Scutellarin can inhibit the growth of colon cancer xenografts,lower CD133,Lgr5,Gli1,Ptch1,c-Myc,Ki67,CK20,and Nanog mRNA level of xenograft tumors,reduce the expression of c-Myc,Gli1,Lgr5,CD133,and Ki67 protein of xenograft tumors in nude mice.CONCLUSION Scutellarin,which is the main component of scutellaria barbata,can inhibit the differentiation of HT-29CSC and the mechanism is to inhibit the activity of Hedgehog signaling pathway.展开更多
An innovative complex lidar system deployed on an airborne rotorcraft platform for remote sensing of atmospheric pollution is proposed and demonstrated.The system incorporates integrated-path differential absorption l...An innovative complex lidar system deployed on an airborne rotorcraft platform for remote sensing of atmospheric pollution is proposed and demonstrated.The system incorporates integrated-path differential absorption lidar(DIAL) and coherent-doppler lidar(CDL) techniques using a dual tunable TEA CO_(2)laser in the 9—11 μm band and a 1.55 μm fiber laser.By combining the principles of differential absorption detection and pulsed coherent detection,the system enables agile and remote sensing of atmospheric pollution.Extensive static tests validate the system’s real-time detection capabilities,including the measurement of concentration-path-length product(CL),front distance,and path wind speed of air pollution plumes over long distances exceeding 4 km.Flight experiments is conducted with the helicopter.Scanning of the pollutant concentration and the wind field is carried out in an approximately 1 km slant range over scanning angle ranges from 45°to 65°,with a radial resolution of 30 m and10 s.The test results demonstrate the system’s ability to spatially map atmospheric pollution plumes and predict their motion and dispersion patterns,thereby ensuring the protection of public safety.展开更多
The technology of induced pluripotent stem cell(iPSCs)has enabled the conversion of somatic cells into primitive undifferentiated cells via reprogramming.This approach provides possibilities for cell replacement thera...The technology of induced pluripotent stem cell(iPSCs)has enabled the conversion of somatic cells into primitive undifferentiated cells via reprogramming.This approach provides possibilities for cell replacement therapies and drug screening,but the potential risk of tumorigenesis hampers further development and application.How to generate required differentia-ted cells without initiating tumor progression remains a huge challenge.Here we show that mouse embryonic fibroblasts could be differentiated into valvular endothelial cell(VEC)like cells.VECs are critical in valve replacements in aortic valve failure.VEC-associated gene and protein expression and functional assays were quantified for these VEC-like cells.We show that mouse embryonic fibroblasts could be converted into VEC-like cells.Our results suggest that it is possible to convert mouse embryonic fibroblasts into VEC-like cells without first reprogramming them into pluripotent stem cells,minimizing the possibility of tumorigenesis.展开更多
Mechanical strain stimulation is one of the important factors to regulate bone metabolism,maintain bone mass and bone structure.In the process of osteoblasts response to the mechanical strain stimulation,the signal tr...Mechanical strain stimulation is one of the important factors to regulate bone metabolism,maintain bone mass and bone structure.In the process of osteoblasts response to the mechanical strain stimulation,the signal transduction pathways were activated by mechanical stimulation Extracellular signal regulated kinase 1/2(ERK1/2)and Nuclear factor kappa B(NF-κB)signal pathways are both important in the process of signal transduction in osteoblasts.They played an important role in differentiation of osteogenic progenitor cells.Therefore in this research we cultured MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts,and established the vitro model of the mechanical strain stimulation,to observe the differentiation of MC3T3-E1 osteoblastic cells and investigate the interac-展开更多
Aim Retinoic acid receptor alpha （RARα） plays a critical role in the differentiation process of osteo- sarcoma cells induced by all-trans retinoic acid （ATRA）. However, degradation of RARoL through ubiquitin pro-...Aim Retinoic acid receptor alpha （RARα） plays a critical role in the differentiation process of osteo- sarcoma cells induced by all-trans retinoic acid （ATRA）. However, degradation of RARoL through ubiquitin pro- teasome pathway weakens the differentiation efficiency of osteosarcoma cells. Therefore, it is necessary to explore the regulatory mechanisms involved in RARoL degradation. Methods U2OS cells were mainly used as our research models. （1） Protein levels were detected by Western blot; （2） The interactions between MDM2 and RARalpha were determined by immunofluorescence and immunoprecipitation; （3） Related proteins and genes were investiga- ted via transfection; （4） The expression levels of MDM2 and OPN in patient biopsies were detected by immunohis- tochemistry; （5） Alkaline phosphatase activity was assessed by colorimetric assays using the BCIP/NBT Alkaline Phosphatase Color Development kit. Results In this report, it demonstrated that interaction with MDM2 leaded to strong stimulation of RARoL polyubiquitination and degradation by proteasomes. MDM2 appeared to function as an ubiquitin E3 ligase in this process, since the MDM2 RING domain mutant inhibited the ubiquitination of RARoL. Furthermore, MDM2 was capable of stimulating RARoL polyubiquitination under cell-free conditions. Moreover, it also provided evidence that silencing or inhibiting MDM2 promotes the differentiation of U2OS cells as induced by ATRA. Conclusions MDM2 serves as an E3 ubiquitin ligase to regulate the degradation of RARoL and becomes a novel therapeutic target for ATRA-based differentiation therapeutic approaches in osteosarcoma.展开更多
基金Supported by Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province in China(2018KTSCX161)。
文摘The boundness and compactness of products of multiplication,composition and differentiation on weighted Bergman spaces in the unit ball are studied.We define the differentiation operator on the space of holomorphic functions in the unit ball by radial derivative.Then we extend the Sharma's results.
文摘Objective To explore the value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS)for predicting differentiation degree of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Methods Totally 86 HCC patients confirmed by postoperative pathology were retrospectively enrolled and divided into poorly differentiated,moderately differentiated and highly differentiated groups according to postoperative Edmondson-Steiner grading.Preoperative CEUS parameters were compared among groups,and binary logistic regression was used to analyze CEUS-related independent predictors of HCC with different differentiation.The receiver operating characteristic curves of parameters being significant different among groups were drawn,the areas under the curve(AUC)were calculated,and the efficacy for predicting HCC with different differentiation degree was evaluated.Results There were 29 cases in poorly differentiated group,37 in moderately differentiated group and 20 cases in highly differentiated group.The arrival time of contrast agent in poorly differentiated group was earlier than that in moderately and high differentiated groups(both P<0.05),while in moderately differentiated group was not significantly different with that in highly differentiated group(P>0.05).The washout grade were significantly different between each 2 groups(all P<0.05).The arrival time of contrast agent and washout grade were independent predictors of highly or poorly differentiated,moderately or poorly differentiated,moderate-highly or poorly differentiated HCC,and washout grade also was independent predictor of highly or moderately differentiated HCC(all P<0.05).The AUC of the arrival time of contrast agent for predicting highly or moderately differentiated,highly or poorly differentiated,moderately or poorly differentiated,moderate-highly or poorly differentiated HCC was 0.615,0.787,0.690 and 0.724,respectively,while of washout grade was 0.801,0.927,0.795 and 0.841,respectively.Conclusion CEUS could be used to effectively predict differentiation degree of HCC.
基金Project(QZKFKT2023-012)supported by the State Key Laboratory of Heavy-duty and Express High-power Electric Locomotive,China。
文摘Signal filtering and differential acquisition are classic yet challenging issues in control engineering.The discrete-time optimal control(DTOC)based on classic tracking differentiator(TD)can effectively extract differentiation signals and filter signals,while eliminating the chattering problem that arises during the discretization of the continuous solution.However,under external disturbance,the convergence mode may change,leading to overshoot and noise amplification.In this paper,a dual-switching strategy is proposed,which can alternate between the base double-integral system and its dual system according to the quadrant of the system’s state.And a novel linearized control law is also introduced,deriving a novel dual-switch tracking differentiator.Further analysis of system convergence and time optimality is provided.Simulation results show that the application of this dual-switching strategy notably reduces overshoot in both tracking and differential signals while enhancing noise filtering performance.Moreover,experiments conducted on a permanent magnet synchronous motor(PMSM)platform,where the proposed TD acts as a filter in the speed feedback loop,demonstrate that the standard deviation between the reference speed and the target speed(at a constant speed of 378 r/min)decreased from 5.63 r/min to 4.93 r/min,compared to the moving average algorithm.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC61773142,NSFC62303136)。
文摘When the maneuverability of a pursuer is not significantly higher than that of an evader,it will be difficult to intercept the evader with only one pursuer.Therefore,this article adopts a two-to-one differential game strategy,the game of kind is generally considered to be angle-optimized,which allows unlimited turns,but these practices do not take into account the effect of acceleration,which does not correspond to the actual situation,thus,based on the angle-optimized,the acceleration optimization and the acceleration upper bound constraint are added into the game for consideration.A two-to-one differential game problem is proposed in the three-dimensional space,and an improved multi-objective grey wolf optimization(IMOGWO)algorithm is proposed to solve the optimal game point of this problem.With the equations that describe the relative motions between the pursuers and the evader in the three-dimensional space,a multi-objective function with constraints is given as the performance index to design an optimal strategy for the differential game.Then the optimal game point is solved by using the IMOGWO algorithm.It is proved based on Markov chains that with the IMOGWO,the Pareto solution set is the solution of the differential game.Finally,it is verified through simulations that the pursuers can capture the escapee,and via comparative experiments,it is shown that the IMOGWO algorithm performs well in terms of running time and memory usage.
基金Supported by the Ministry of Agricultural Nuarture of New Varieties Genetically Modified Organisms Significant Special Funding (2008ZX08007-002)
文摘To examine the effect of myogenin gene on the differentiation of bovine skeletal muscle satellite cell, we constructed small interfering RNA plasmid vector to obtain myogenin knockdown bovine skeletal muscle cells, then used cell transfection, real time RCR and Western Blot to detect the influence of myogenin to cell differentiation. Results showed that the knockdown of myogenin significantly decreased its expression and other muscle-specific genes. Compared to the control, it could differentiate into few myotubes when challenged by low serum in the medium. These findings provided an important theoretical basis for further explore of the genetic mechanism in adult skeletal muscle, the remedy of muscle injuries and the cultivation of high-yield transgenic cattle.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(81473549)Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities(XDJK2017E158)
文摘Since the diccovery of neural stem cells(NSCs)in the embryonic and adult mammalian central nerous system,it provided novel ideas forneurogenesis as the potential of proliferation and differentiation of NSCs.One of the ways to promote the clinical application of neural stem cells(NSCs)is searching effective methods which regulate the proliferation and differentiation.This is also a problem urgently to be solved in medical field.Plenty of earlier studies have shown that traditional chinese medicine can promote the proliferation and differentiation of NSCs by regulating the related signaling pathway in vivo and in vitro.The reports of Chinese and foreign literatures on regulating the proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells in recent ten years and their target and signaling pathways is analyzed in this review.The traditional chinese medicine regulate proliferation and differentiation of NSCs by the signaling pathways of Notch,PI3K/Akt,Wnt/β-catenin,and GFs.And,those signaling pathways have cross-talk in the regulation progress.Moreover,some traditional Chinese medicine,such as astragalus,has a variety of active ingredients to regulate proliferation and differentiation of NSCs through different signaling pathways.However,to accelerate the clinical application of neural stem cells,the studies aboutthe proliferation and differentiation of NSCs and Chinese medicine should be further deepened,the mechanism of multiple targets and the comprehensive regulation function of traditional Chinese medicine should be clarified.
基金Supported by the Special funds for Construction of Modern Agricultural Technology System(CARS-04)Public Welfare Industry(Agriculture)Special Fund(201103002)
文摘Aphis glycines （Hemiptera： Aphididae） is considered as a cosmopolitan pest of cultivated soybean, major difficulties in its control measures may be due to its higher genetic diversity; however, the knowledge about population genetic diversity of this species is limited. This study aimed to represent the genetic differentiation among different geographic populations of soybean aphid in Northeast China. In order to investigate and assess the genetic diversity, genetic differentiation, molecular variance, population structure, ecological importance and evolutionary history of A. glycines, we sequenced a fragment of one protein-coding gene, the cytochrome c oxidase I/of mitochondrial DNA gene. The results showed that four haplotypes were defined among CO 11 gene of 180 sequences of soybean aphid in Northeast China including H1 shared by all the populations. Lower haplotype diversity （Hd=0.3590± 0.0420） and nucleotide diversity （Pi=0.0012±0.0002） were observed and high gene flow was detected in every two populations, while most of the variation （80.81%） arose from variability within A. glycines from individuals. Low genetic differentiation and high gene flow （Nm=2.106） indicated a high migration rate between the populations, which might reveal that gene flow in different geographic populations did not affect by geographical distance. The phylogenetic tree and the haplotype network ofA. glycines were obtained based on sequences of CO Ⅱ gene, there were no significant genealogical branches or clusters recognized in NJ tree, and no clear distribution, delineation of haplotypes were demonstrated in the haplotype network according to geographical location. This study rejected the vicariance hypothesis： geographic isolation could be a barrier and it restricted A. glycines gene flow among 10 populations.
文摘The ventral quadrant of the tracheal epithelium of the hamster,about one fourth of tracheal mucosa, was denuded by a venous needle reformed.The stains were made with HE, PAS, and PAS-anti Brdu immunohis-tochemic technique. At the 0 h circumference cell number (CCN) was 927. 25.From 6 h post injured the viable cells changed in shapes and migrated from themargin to wound site. By 24 h the wound area was completely covered by a sin-gle layer of non-ciliated flattened cells, then an expotential increassing in cellregeneration occured in wound site by 48 h. The CCN had been restored to thelevel of control (1373), and the proliferative cell, composed of polygonal epi-dermoid metaplasia, 3～4 layers and reached a peak (338.8). The secretoryand ciliated cells appeared gradually from 72 h post injury, the epithelium re-stored to the normal epithelial architecture by one week post injury. In our pre-sent study either in control and non-injured epithelium or in all stages of woundsite about 70% of the Brdu positive cells contained small or confluent PAS posi-tive granules were observed. This fact indicated that secretory cells play a im-portant role in proliferation after mechanical injury and maintaining the normaltracheal pseudostratified epithelium.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China ( 81772017,31570940)Young Talent Fund of University Association for Science and Technology in Shaanxi,China ( 20170401)Supported by Natural Science Basic Research Plan in Shaanxi Province of China ( 2018JM3040)
文摘The decreased osteoblast differentiation associated with reduced bone formation is one main cause of microgravityinduced bone loss.Our previous studies have demonstrated that microtubule actin crosslinking factor 1(MACF1)is downregulated in association with the decreased osteoblast differentiation and bone formation under simulated microgravity conditions.These findings suggest that MACF1 is sensitive to mechanical condition and may be critical for osteoblast differentiation and bone formation.To verify this hypothesis,current study investigates the role and mechanism of MACF1 in regulatingosteoblast differentiation by adopting MACF1 knockdown(MACF1-KD)osteoblasts.The results showed that MACF1 knockdown suppressed mineralized nodules formation,alkaline phosphatase(ALP)activity,osteogenic gene expression andβ-catenin signaling transduction.Moreover,we used RNA sequencing(RNA-seq)and chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing(ChIP-seq)to investigate further mechanism.Interestingly,we found that MACF1 sequesterd repressors of osteoblast differentiation in cytoplasm.In conclusion,MACF1 is sensitive to mechanical condition and plays key role in activatingβ-catenin signaling transduction and sequestering repressors of osteoblast differentiation,which further promotes osteoblast differentiation.
基金Application and Basic Research Project of Sichuan Technology Department(2019YJ0484)Application and Basic Research Project of Luzhou-Southwest Medical University(2018LZXNYD-ZK31)
文摘OBJECTIVE To elucidate the underlying mechanism of DMAG in proliferation inhibition and differentia⁃tion induction on acute myeloid leukemia(AML)cell line HEL.METHODS Through CCK8 assay and colony-formation assay to detect the anti-proliferative ability of DMAG on HEL cells.Cell morphological observation(including Giemsa staining assay)and flow cytometry detecting the expression of CD41/CD42b and DNA ploidy detection were performed to identify the effect of DMAG on differentiation of HEL cells.Whole-transcriptome sequencing was taken to investigate the potential molecular mechanism of anti-AML effect of DMAG.Gene Ontology(GO)and KEGG pathway analyses were performed to evaluate molecular processes and biological pathways associated with di ff erentially expressed lncRNA,mRNA,miRNA and circRNA induced by DMAG.Co-expression network analysis was implemented to characterize the differentially expressed lncRNAs,mRNAs,miRNAs and cicrRNAs induced by DMAG.RT-qPCR was used to verify the reliability of the whole-transcriptome sequencing data.RESULTS DMAG not only significantly inhibited the prolifera⁃tion of HEL cells,but also induced the differentiation of HEL cells to megakaryocytes.Whole-transcriptome sequencing showed that a total of 595 lncRNAs,64 miRNAs,4030 mRNAs and 35 circRNAs were remarkably differentially expressed during DMAG induced differentiation of HEL cells.GO and KEGG pathway analyses revealed that those dif⁃ferentially expressed non-coding RNAs were mainly involved in biological processes as diverse as metabolic pathway,apoptosis and cell cycle.Co-expression network analysis indicated that the lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA co-expression network consisted of 40 lncRNAs and 33 miRNAs and 81 mRNAs.Meanwhile,24 circRNA,22 miRNA and 65 mRNAs partook in the construction of circRNA-miRNA-mRNA co-expression network.CONCLUSION DMAG may act as a potent differenti⁃ation inducer of AML cells.
基金Supported by Scientific Research Fund of Northeast Agricultural UniversityScience Foundation and Ministry of EducationReturned Overseas Students to Start-up Foundation (210150)
文摘A total of 104 isolates including two Korean isolates and three Japanese isolates of Phytophthora infestans collected from Heilongjiang and Jilin Provinces from 2006 to 2008 were used to determine their mating types,metalaxyl resistance,and RAPD genotypes.All the isolates of P.infestans collected from Heilongjiang and Jilin Provinces belonged to A 1 mating type,and no A 2 mating type was detected.Frequencies of metalaxyl resistant isolates were 94.4%,47.8% and 75.0% in 2006,2007 and 2008,respectively.Accord...
基金Supported by the State Bureau of Foreign Experts 2013 Annual Talent Introduction of Foreign Technology,Project Management(20132300046)
文摘An excellent Lonicera edulis strain, L1-8 that was bred by Northeast Institute of Geography and Agro-ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, was used as material in this research. The axillary buds of its dormant branches were used as explants. A fourfactor and four-level orthogonal test was designed in order to choose the best differentiation medium for providing the technical support of Lonicera edulis micropropagation. The results showed that the culture medium and concentration of 6-BA were the main factors, and the best differentiation condition was MS culture medium containing 2.0 mg · L-1 6-BA, 0.3 mg · L-1 IBA and 1.5 mg · L-1 GA3.
文摘In order to slove the large-scale nonlinear programming （NLP） problems efficiently, an efficient optimization algorithm based on reduced sequential quadratic programming （rSQP） and automatic differentiation （AD） is presented in this paper. With the characteristics of sparseness, relatively low degrees of freedom and equality constraints utilized, the nonlinear programming problem is solved by improved rSQP solver. In the solving process, AD technology is used to obtain accurate gradient information. The numerical results show that the combined algorithm, which is suitable for large-scale process optimization problems, can calculate more efficiently than rSQP itself.
基金Supported by the Scientifi c Research Foundation for Doctors of Northeast Agricultural University(2012RCB27)Open Projects of Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics,Breeding and Reproduction,College of Heilongjiang Province(GXZDSYS-2012-07)
文摘The experiment was designed to study effects of retinoic acid and ascorbic acid on differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells to cardiomyocytes. Embryonic bodies （EB） were developed from mESC in suspension culture, different levels of concentration of retinoic acid and ascorbic acid were used to determine the optimal conditions for EB formation. The results showed that the optimal concentrations were 10.9 mol. L-1 and 0.1 mg. mL-1 for retinoic acid and ascorbic acids, respectively. 50% of EB which was significantly （p〈0.05） different from the control group developed to cardiomyocytes. In conclusion, rctinoic acid and ascorbic acid had strong ability to promote cardiomyocyte differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells. 10-9 mol. L-1 retinoic acid and 0.10 mg. mL-1 ascorbic acids were recommended to induce differentiation of mouse ES ceUs toward cardiomyocytes.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(2011CB013103)
文摘A new numerical differentiation method with local opti- mum by data segmentation is proposed. The segmentation of data is based on the second derivatives computed by a Fourier devel- opment method. A filtering process is used to achieve acceptable segmentation. Numerical results are presented by using the data segmentation method, compared with the regularization method. For further investigation, the proposed algorithm is applied to the resistance capacitance （RC） networks identification problem, and improvements of the result are obtained by using this algorithm.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(8157381381173598)+1 种基金Excellent Talent Program of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine(YXRC2019002)Fund of Scientific Research Innovation Team Construction in Sichuan Provincial University(18TD0017)
文摘OBJECTIVE To investigate the inhibitory effect of scutellarin on the self-renewal and differentiation of HT-29 cells-derived cancer stem-like cells(HT-29CSC)in vitro and in vivo,and to explore its mechanism.METHODS The effect of scutellarin on the growth of HT-29CSC was determined by 3D Culture assay.The effect of scutellarin on growth and transformation of HT-29CSC was probed by soft agar colony formation assay.The effect of scutellarin on the differentiation of HT-29CSC was determined by serum induction differentiation assay in vitro.The effects of scutellarin on the expressions of marker gene Lgr5,target gene c-Myc,proliferation gene CK20 and Nanog gene were measured by quantitative real-time RT-PCR.Investigate the effect of scutellarin on the expression of c-Myc,Gli1,and Lgr5 protein by Western blotting.A subcutaneous xenograft model of colon cancer in nude mice was established and administered by intraperitoneal injection.The change of body weight and tumor size of nude mice were observed every two days.Investi⁃gate the effects of scutellarin on the growth of xenograft tumors in nude mice.The expression of CD133,Lgr5,Gli1,Ptch1,c-Myc,Ki67,CK20,Nanog gene in tumors were measured by quantitative real-time RT-PCR.The expression of c-Myc,Gli1,Lgr5,CD133,Ki67 protein were measured by Western blotting.RESULTS Scutellarin can inhibit the growth of HT-29CSC in 3D culture.Compared with the solvent control group,scutellarin can significantly inhibit the growth and transformation and differentiation of HT-29CSC in vitro(P<0.01).The expression levels of marker genes Lgr5,target gene c-Myc,proliferation gene CK20 and Nanog in HT-29CSC were down-regulated by scutellarin.Scutellarin can reduce the expression of c-Myc,Gli1,and Lgr5 protein in HT-29CSC.Scutellarin can inhibit the growth of colon cancer xenografts,lower CD133,Lgr5,Gli1,Ptch1,c-Myc,Ki67,CK20,and Nanog mRNA level of xenograft tumors,reduce the expression of c-Myc,Gli1,Lgr5,CD133,and Ki67 protein of xenograft tumors in nude mice.CONCLUSION Scutellarin,which is the main component of scutellaria barbata,can inhibit the differentiation of HT-29CSC and the mechanism is to inhibit the activity of Hedgehog signaling pathway.
文摘An innovative complex lidar system deployed on an airborne rotorcraft platform for remote sensing of atmospheric pollution is proposed and demonstrated.The system incorporates integrated-path differential absorption lidar(DIAL) and coherent-doppler lidar(CDL) techniques using a dual tunable TEA CO_(2)laser in the 9—11 μm band and a 1.55 μm fiber laser.By combining the principles of differential absorption detection and pulsed coherent detection,the system enables agile and remote sensing of atmospheric pollution.Extensive static tests validate the system’s real-time detection capabilities,including the measurement of concentration-path-length product(CL),front distance,and path wind speed of air pollution plumes over long distances exceeding 4 km.Flight experiments is conducted with the helicopter.Scanning of the pollutant concentration and the wind field is carried out in an approximately 1 km slant range over scanning angle ranges from 45°to 65°,with a radial resolution of 30 m and10 s.The test results demonstrate the system’s ability to spatially map atmospheric pollution plumes and predict their motion and dispersion patterns,thereby ensuring the protection of public safety.
基金supported by funds from Huazhong University of Science and Technology
文摘The technology of induced pluripotent stem cell(iPSCs)has enabled the conversion of somatic cells into primitive undifferentiated cells via reprogramming.This approach provides possibilities for cell replacement therapies and drug screening,but the potential risk of tumorigenesis hampers further development and application.How to generate required differentia-ted cells without initiating tumor progression remains a huge challenge.Here we show that mouse embryonic fibroblasts could be differentiated into valvular endothelial cell(VEC)like cells.VECs are critical in valve replacements in aortic valve failure.VEC-associated gene and protein expression and functional assays were quantified for these VEC-like cells.We show that mouse embryonic fibroblasts could be converted into VEC-like cells.Our results suggest that it is possible to convert mouse embryonic fibroblasts into VEC-like cells without first reprogramming them into pluripotent stem cells,minimizing the possibility of tumorigenesis.
文摘Mechanical strain stimulation is one of the important factors to regulate bone metabolism,maintain bone mass and bone structure.In the process of osteoblasts response to the mechanical strain stimulation,the signal transduction pathways were activated by mechanical stimulation Extracellular signal regulated kinase 1/2(ERK1/2)and Nuclear factor kappa B(NF-κB)signal pathways are both important in the process of signal transduction in osteoblasts.They played an important role in differentiation of osteogenic progenitor cells.Therefore in this research we cultured MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts,and established the vitro model of the mechanical strain stimulation,to observe the differentiation of MC3T3-E1 osteoblastic cells and investigate the interac-
文摘Aim Retinoic acid receptor alpha （RARα） plays a critical role in the differentiation process of osteo- sarcoma cells induced by all-trans retinoic acid （ATRA）. However, degradation of RARoL through ubiquitin pro- teasome pathway weakens the differentiation efficiency of osteosarcoma cells. Therefore, it is necessary to explore the regulatory mechanisms involved in RARoL degradation. Methods U2OS cells were mainly used as our research models. （1） Protein levels were detected by Western blot; （2） The interactions between MDM2 and RARalpha were determined by immunofluorescence and immunoprecipitation; （3） Related proteins and genes were investiga- ted via transfection; （4） The expression levels of MDM2 and OPN in patient biopsies were detected by immunohis- tochemistry; （5） Alkaline phosphatase activity was assessed by colorimetric assays using the BCIP/NBT Alkaline Phosphatase Color Development kit. Results In this report, it demonstrated that interaction with MDM2 leaded to strong stimulation of RARoL polyubiquitination and degradation by proteasomes. MDM2 appeared to function as an ubiquitin E3 ligase in this process, since the MDM2 RING domain mutant inhibited the ubiquitination of RARoL. Furthermore, MDM2 was capable of stimulating RARoL polyubiquitination under cell-free conditions. Moreover, it also provided evidence that silencing or inhibiting MDM2 promotes the differentiation of U2OS cells as induced by ATRA. Conclusions MDM2 serves as an E3 ubiquitin ligase to regulate the degradation of RARoL and becomes a novel therapeutic target for ATRA-based differentiation therapeutic approaches in osteosarcoma.
