Background The cyclic nucleotide-gated channel(CNGC)gene family plays a significant role in the uptake of both essential and toxic cations,and has a role in enhancing tolerance to various forms of abiotic stresses as ...Background The cyclic nucleotide-gated channel(CNGC)gene family plays a significant role in the uptake of both essential and toxic cations,and has a role in enhancing tolerance to various forms of abiotic stresses as well as the modulation of the heavy metal toxicity to plant through the absorption of heavy metals.Results A complete genome-wide identification and functional characterization of the cotton CNGC genes was carried out,in which 55,28,and 29 CNGC genes were identified in Gossypium hirsutum,G.raimondii,and G.arboreum,respectively.The protein encoded by the CNGC genes exhibited GRAVY value below zero,indicating their hydrophilic property.CNGC genes were unevenly distributed in 19 out of 26 chromosomes,in which the highest density were observed on Ah05,with 8 genes.High gene coverage was observed among the diploid cotton species,with CNGC genes mapped on all A chromosomes and on 11 out of 13 of D chromosomes.The majority of CNGC proteins were localized in the endoplasmic reticulum,nucleus,and plasma membrane.Gene expression analysis revealed the up-regulation of Gh_A01G0520(CNGC4)and Gh_D13G1974(CNGC5)across various forms of abiotic stresses.Moreover,down-regulation of Gh_A01G0520(CNGC4)and Gh_D13G1974(CNGC5)in CNGCs silenced plants caused the significantly reduced ability to tolerate drought and salt stresses.All CNGCs silenced plants were recorded to have significantly low content of antioxidants but relatively higher content of oxidant,including MDA and H_(2)O_(2).Furthermore,SPAD,CMS(cell membrane stability),ELWL(excised leaf water loss),SDW(shoot dry matter weight),and RDW(root dry matter weight)were all lower in CNGCs silenced plants compared with the wild type plants.Conclusion Significant reduction in antioxidant content and negative effects of physiological and morphological characters in CNGCs silenced plants has revealed the novel role of CNGC genes in enhancing cell integrity under abiotic stress conditions.These results provide vital information that will expand our understanding of the CNGC gene family in cotton and other plants,thus promoting the integration of these genes in the development of the environmental resilient plants.展开更多
目的通过GC-TOF-MS代谢组学探讨不同剂量的黄连解毒汤对SD大鼠粪便代谢组的影响,进而为黄连解毒汤的作用机制提供参考。方法SD大鼠45只适应性喂养7天后,随机分为5组:黄连解毒汤高剂量组、中剂量组、低剂量组、抗生素组和空白组,每组9只...目的通过GC-TOF-MS代谢组学探讨不同剂量的黄连解毒汤对SD大鼠粪便代谢组的影响,进而为黄连解毒汤的作用机制提供参考。方法SD大鼠45只适应性喂养7天后,随机分为5组:黄连解毒汤高剂量组、中剂量组、低剂量组、抗生素组和空白组,每组9只。中药干预组不同剂量黄连解毒汤灌胃,1mL/次,2次/天,连续给药21天;抗生素组,1 mL/次,2次/天;空白组生理盐水灌胃,1 mL/次,2次/天,连续给药21天;末次给药后,禁食禁水12 h,处死并收集大鼠粪便。采用气相色谱-飞行时间质谱(Gas Chromatography Tandem Time-of Flight Mass Spectrometry,GC-TOF-MS)检测各组大鼠粪便,运用多元分析OPLS以及单变量统计学方法筛选差异代谢物,通过MetaboAnalyst平台进行代谢通路分析。结果对于粪便中的内源性代谢物小分子,高剂量组的黄连解毒汤影响的主要有:核糖、硫酸、棕榈酸、花生酸、茜素等;中剂量组的黄连解毒汤影响的主要有:乌头酸、胆固醇、乳酸、棕榈油酸、茜素等;低剂量组的黄连解毒汤影响的主要有:硫酸、棉子糖;氨苄西林钠影响的主要有:蛋氨酸1、麦角固醇、正亮氨酸1、棕榈酸、硫酸、乳酸等;不同剂量的黄连解毒汤和氨苄西林钠都能够影响到半乳糖代谢及硫代谢通路。结论黄连解毒汤可改善糖尿病和心脑血管疾病相关的代谢物小分子,不同剂量的黄连解毒汤对粪便代谢的影响不同,其中中剂量的影响最为广泛。展开更多
Basis of seventy-seven case records of twenty-six diseases in Linzheng Zhinan Yi'an(Guide to Clinical Practice),analyze and distinguish them into four types.They are disorder of the mother-organ affecting the chil...Basis of seventy-seven case records of twenty-six diseases in Linzheng Zhinan Yi'an(Guide to Clinical Practice),analyze and distinguish them into four types.They are disorder of the mother-organ affecting the child-organ,disorder of the child-organ affecting the mother-organ,over restraint and reverse restraint.The essence of this article is to recognize the pathological transmission among the Zang-fu organs according to the theory of five elements.展开更多
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31621005,32072023)National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFE0101200)PSF/CRP/18th Protocol(07)。
文摘Background The cyclic nucleotide-gated channel(CNGC)gene family plays a significant role in the uptake of both essential and toxic cations,and has a role in enhancing tolerance to various forms of abiotic stresses as well as the modulation of the heavy metal toxicity to plant through the absorption of heavy metals.Results A complete genome-wide identification and functional characterization of the cotton CNGC genes was carried out,in which 55,28,and 29 CNGC genes were identified in Gossypium hirsutum,G.raimondii,and G.arboreum,respectively.The protein encoded by the CNGC genes exhibited GRAVY value below zero,indicating their hydrophilic property.CNGC genes were unevenly distributed in 19 out of 26 chromosomes,in which the highest density were observed on Ah05,with 8 genes.High gene coverage was observed among the diploid cotton species,with CNGC genes mapped on all A chromosomes and on 11 out of 13 of D chromosomes.The majority of CNGC proteins were localized in the endoplasmic reticulum,nucleus,and plasma membrane.Gene expression analysis revealed the up-regulation of Gh_A01G0520(CNGC4)and Gh_D13G1974(CNGC5)across various forms of abiotic stresses.Moreover,down-regulation of Gh_A01G0520(CNGC4)and Gh_D13G1974(CNGC5)in CNGCs silenced plants caused the significantly reduced ability to tolerate drought and salt stresses.All CNGCs silenced plants were recorded to have significantly low content of antioxidants but relatively higher content of oxidant,including MDA and H_(2)O_(2).Furthermore,SPAD,CMS(cell membrane stability),ELWL(excised leaf water loss),SDW(shoot dry matter weight),and RDW(root dry matter weight)were all lower in CNGCs silenced plants compared with the wild type plants.Conclusion Significant reduction in antioxidant content and negative effects of physiological and morphological characters in CNGCs silenced plants has revealed the novel role of CNGC genes in enhancing cell integrity under abiotic stress conditions.These results provide vital information that will expand our understanding of the CNGC gene family in cotton and other plants,thus promoting the integration of these genes in the development of the environmental resilient plants.
文摘目的通过GC-TOF-MS代谢组学探讨不同剂量的黄连解毒汤对SD大鼠粪便代谢组的影响,进而为黄连解毒汤的作用机制提供参考。方法SD大鼠45只适应性喂养7天后,随机分为5组:黄连解毒汤高剂量组、中剂量组、低剂量组、抗生素组和空白组,每组9只。中药干预组不同剂量黄连解毒汤灌胃,1mL/次,2次/天,连续给药21天;抗生素组,1 mL/次,2次/天;空白组生理盐水灌胃,1 mL/次,2次/天,连续给药21天;末次给药后,禁食禁水12 h,处死并收集大鼠粪便。采用气相色谱-飞行时间质谱(Gas Chromatography Tandem Time-of Flight Mass Spectrometry,GC-TOF-MS)检测各组大鼠粪便,运用多元分析OPLS以及单变量统计学方法筛选差异代谢物,通过MetaboAnalyst平台进行代谢通路分析。结果对于粪便中的内源性代谢物小分子,高剂量组的黄连解毒汤影响的主要有:核糖、硫酸、棕榈酸、花生酸、茜素等;中剂量组的黄连解毒汤影响的主要有:乌头酸、胆固醇、乳酸、棕榈油酸、茜素等;低剂量组的黄连解毒汤影响的主要有:硫酸、棉子糖;氨苄西林钠影响的主要有:蛋氨酸1、麦角固醇、正亮氨酸1、棕榈酸、硫酸、乳酸等;不同剂量的黄连解毒汤和氨苄西林钠都能够影响到半乳糖代谢及硫代谢通路。结论黄连解毒汤可改善糖尿病和心脑血管疾病相关的代谢物小分子,不同剂量的黄连解毒汤对粪便代谢的影响不同,其中中剂量的影响最为广泛。
文摘Basis of seventy-seven case records of twenty-six diseases in Linzheng Zhinan Yi'an(Guide to Clinical Practice),analyze and distinguish them into four types.They are disorder of the mother-organ affecting the child-organ,disorder of the child-organ affecting the mother-organ,over restraint and reverse restraint.The essence of this article is to recognize the pathological transmission among the Zang-fu organs according to the theory of five elements.
