The continuous growth of recoverable reserves in a waterflooding oilfield has a significant impact on the patterns of production evolution. A new production evolution model is established by improving the Weng Cycle m...The continuous growth of recoverable reserves in a waterflooding oilfield has a significant impact on the patterns of production evolution. A new production evolution model is established by improving the Weng Cycle model. With the new model, the statistical correspondence between the production decline stage and the reserve-production imbalance is clarified,and the correlation of water cut with the recovery percent of recoverable reserves is discussed, providing quantitative basis of reservoir engineering for dividing development stages of oilfield and defining mature oilfields. According to the statistics of oilfields in eastern China, the time point corresponding to the reserve-production balance coefficient dropping to less than 1dramatically is well correlated the beginning point of production decline, thus the time when the reserve-production balance coefficient drops dramatically can be taken as the initiation point of production decline stage. The research results show that the water cut and the recovery percent of recoverable reserves have a good statistical match in the high water cut stage, and it is more rational to take both the start point of production decline stage and the water cut of 90%(or the recovery percent of recoverable reserves of 80%) as the critical criteria for defining a mature oilfield. Five production evolution patterns can be summarized as follows: growth–peak plateau–stepped decline, growth–stepped stabilizing–stepped decline, growth–stepped stabilizing–rapid decline, growth–peak plateau–rapid decline, and growth–continuous decline.展开更多
On January 21,the 13th Annual China Textile Roundtable,"Shuyang Cup"·The 6th China Textile News Award Ceremony,and the First Award Ceremony of the Qualified Enterprises for the Review of the Quality Awa...On January 21,the 13th Annual China Textile Roundtable,"Shuyang Cup"·The 6th China Textile News Award Ceremony,and the First Award Ceremony of the Qualified Enterprises for the Review of the Quality Awards of the National Textile Industry were held in Beijing.展开更多
Methanotrophs,organisms that obtain oxygen by oxidizing methane,are recognized as the only known biological sink for atmospheric CH_4,and forest soil methanotrophs play crucial roles in mitigating global warming.The s...Methanotrophs,organisms that obtain oxygen by oxidizing methane,are recognized as the only known biological sink for atmospheric CH_4,and forest soil methanotrophs play crucial roles in mitigating global warming.The succession patterns of methanotrophic communities and functions in Wudalianchi volcano forest soils could provide a basis for the study of evolutionary mechanisms between soil microorganisms,the environment,and carbon cycling of temperate forest ecosystems under climate change.In this study,the characteristics and drivers of methanotrophic community structure and function of two volcanic soils at different stages of development are analyzed,including an old volcano and a new volcano,which most recently erupted 300 years and 17-19×10^(5)years ago,respectively,and a non-volcano hills as control,based on space for time substitution and Miseq sequencing and bioinformation technology.The results showed that CH_(4) fluxes were significantly higher in old-stage volcano forest soils than new-stage forest soils and non-volcano forest soils.There were significant differences in the community composition and diversity of soil methanotrophs from different volcano forest soils.Methylococcus was the dominant genus in all soil samples.Additionally,the relative abundance of Methylococcus,along with Clonothrix,Methyloglobulus,Methylomagum,Methylomonas and Methylosarcina,were the important genera responsible for the differences in methanotrophic community structure in different volcano forest soils.The relative abundance of methanotroph belonging toγ-proteobacteria was significantly higher than that belonging toα-proteobacteria(P<0.05).Chao1,Shannon and Simpson indices of soil methanotrophic community were significantly lower in new-stage volcanos and were significantly affected by bulk density,total porosity,p H,nitrate,dissolved organic carbon and dissolved organic nitrogen.There were significant differences in community structure between new-stage and old-stage volcanoes.Bulk density and p H are important soil properties contributing to the divergence of methanotrophs community structure,and changes in soil properties due to soil development time are important factors driving differences in methanotrophs communities in Wudalianchi volcanic soils.展开更多
This paper systematically reviews the trend of carbon dioxide capture,utilization and storage(CCUS)industry in the world and China,presents the CCUS projects,clusters,technologies and strategies/policies,and analyzes ...This paper systematically reviews the trend of carbon dioxide capture,utilization and storage(CCUS)industry in the world and China,presents the CCUS projects,clusters,technologies and strategies/policies,and analyzes the CCUS challenges and countermeasures in China based on the comparison of CCUS industrial development at home and abroad.The global CCUS development has experienced three stages:exploration stage,policy driven stage,and dual-drive stage.Currently,the active large-scale CCUS projects around the world focus on enhanced oil recovery(EOR)and are expanding into storage in saline aquifers.The CCUS industry of China has evolved in three stages:exploration,pilot test,and industrialization.In the current critical period of transition from field test to industrialization,China’s CCUS projects are EOR-dominated.By comparing the industrial development of CCUS in China and abroad,it is found that the scale-up and industrialization of CCUS in China face challenges in technology,facilities and policies.Finally,future solutions to CCUS development in China are proposed as follows:strengthening the top-level design and planning of CCUS;developing high-efficiency and low-cost CCUS technologies throughout the whole industrial chain;deploying CCUS oil and gas+new energy clusters;improving the policy support system of CCUS;and strengthening discipline construction and personnel training,etc.展开更多
Increasing volumes of oils and fats are produced annually with a large section that are traded internationally. The International Organization for Standardization(ISO) body develops international standards covering al...Increasing volumes of oils and fats are produced annually with a large section that are traded internationally. The International Organization for Standardization(ISO) body develops international standards covering almost all aspects of technology and manufacturing with 23,882 standards currently published. Standards in the animal and vegetable fats and oils sector is developed by Technical Committee ISO/TC 34, Food products, Subcommittee SC 11, Animal and vegetable fats and oils. Standards are developed through consensus by national members that represent ISO in their country. Each Standard is developed within a determined timeframe and goes through various pre-determined stages such as project proposal, development, national voting and commenting on the draft Standard to final publication. ISO TC34/SC11 Standards range from sampling of oils and fats, sample preparation to analysis of its composition, the minor components, and quality and identity parameters as well as contaminants. The analysis results are used by industry for product development, labelling, research and to provide peace of mind for consumers on its safety. An important future trend is the focus on the safety concerns from either environmental contamination(e.g. mineral oils) or processing contaminants such as esters of 3-MCPDs(3-monochloropropane-1,2-diol or 3-chloropropane-1,2-diol).展开更多
Based on the statistics of 130 thesauri having been published in China so far,this article analyzes the development of thesauri in China from the origin,publication year,academic disciplines and quantity of entries co...Based on the statistics of 130 thesauri having been published in China so far,this article analyzes the development of thesauri in China from the origin,publication year,academic disciplines and quantity of entries collected,and re-defines the development stages.In addition,by collecting the 1,000 relevant research papers,the article also analyzes the theoretical studies from the aspects of the quantity of papers and research subjects in order to give a clear picture of the development and features of the researches on thesaurus in China.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (72088101)。
文摘The continuous growth of recoverable reserves in a waterflooding oilfield has a significant impact on the patterns of production evolution. A new production evolution model is established by improving the Weng Cycle model. With the new model, the statistical correspondence between the production decline stage and the reserve-production imbalance is clarified,and the correlation of water cut with the recovery percent of recoverable reserves is discussed, providing quantitative basis of reservoir engineering for dividing development stages of oilfield and defining mature oilfields. According to the statistics of oilfields in eastern China, the time point corresponding to the reserve-production balance coefficient dropping to less than 1dramatically is well correlated the beginning point of production decline, thus the time when the reserve-production balance coefficient drops dramatically can be taken as the initiation point of production decline stage. The research results show that the water cut and the recovery percent of recoverable reserves have a good statistical match in the high water cut stage, and it is more rational to take both the start point of production decline stage and the water cut of 90%(or the recovery percent of recoverable reserves of 80%) as the critical criteria for defining a mature oilfield. Five production evolution patterns can be summarized as follows: growth–peak plateau–stepped decline, growth–stepped stabilizing–stepped decline, growth–stepped stabilizing–rapid decline, growth–peak plateau–rapid decline, and growth–continuous decline.
文摘On January 21,the 13th Annual China Textile Roundtable,"Shuyang Cup"·The 6th China Textile News Award Ceremony,and the First Award Ceremony of the Qualified Enterprises for the Review of the Quality Awards of the National Textile Industry were held in Beijing.
基金the Special Projects for the Central Government to guide the development of local science and technology(ZY20B15)the Key Research&Development Program funding project of Heilongjiang Province(GA21C030)the Research Funds of Provincial Research Institutes of Heilongjiang Province(ZNBZ2022ZR07)。
文摘Methanotrophs,organisms that obtain oxygen by oxidizing methane,are recognized as the only known biological sink for atmospheric CH_4,and forest soil methanotrophs play crucial roles in mitigating global warming.The succession patterns of methanotrophic communities and functions in Wudalianchi volcano forest soils could provide a basis for the study of evolutionary mechanisms between soil microorganisms,the environment,and carbon cycling of temperate forest ecosystems under climate change.In this study,the characteristics and drivers of methanotrophic community structure and function of two volcanic soils at different stages of development are analyzed,including an old volcano and a new volcano,which most recently erupted 300 years and 17-19×10^(5)years ago,respectively,and a non-volcano hills as control,based on space for time substitution and Miseq sequencing and bioinformation technology.The results showed that CH_(4) fluxes were significantly higher in old-stage volcano forest soils than new-stage forest soils and non-volcano forest soils.There were significant differences in the community composition and diversity of soil methanotrophs from different volcano forest soils.Methylococcus was the dominant genus in all soil samples.Additionally,the relative abundance of Methylococcus,along with Clonothrix,Methyloglobulus,Methylomagum,Methylomonas and Methylosarcina,were the important genera responsible for the differences in methanotrophic community structure in different volcano forest soils.The relative abundance of methanotroph belonging toγ-proteobacteria was significantly higher than that belonging toα-proteobacteria(P<0.05).Chao1,Shannon and Simpson indices of soil methanotrophic community were significantly lower in new-stage volcanos and were significantly affected by bulk density,total porosity,p H,nitrate,dissolved organic carbon and dissolved organic nitrogen.There were significant differences in community structure between new-stage and old-stage volcanoes.Bulk density and p H are important soil properties contributing to the divergence of methanotrophs community structure,and changes in soil properties due to soil development time are important factors driving differences in methanotrophs communities in Wudalianchi volcanic soils.
基金Supported by the Petrochina Science and Technology Project(2021ZZ01).
文摘This paper systematically reviews the trend of carbon dioxide capture,utilization and storage(CCUS)industry in the world and China,presents the CCUS projects,clusters,technologies and strategies/policies,and analyzes the CCUS challenges and countermeasures in China based on the comparison of CCUS industrial development at home and abroad.The global CCUS development has experienced three stages:exploration stage,policy driven stage,and dual-drive stage.Currently,the active large-scale CCUS projects around the world focus on enhanced oil recovery(EOR)and are expanding into storage in saline aquifers.The CCUS industry of China has evolved in three stages:exploration,pilot test,and industrialization.In the current critical period of transition from field test to industrialization,China’s CCUS projects are EOR-dominated.By comparing the industrial development of CCUS in China and abroad,it is found that the scale-up and industrialization of CCUS in China face challenges in technology,facilities and policies.Finally,future solutions to CCUS development in China are proposed as follows:strengthening the top-level design and planning of CCUS;developing high-efficiency and low-cost CCUS technologies throughout the whole industrial chain;deploying CCUS oil and gas+new energy clusters;improving the policy support system of CCUS;and strengthening discipline construction and personnel training,etc.
文摘Increasing volumes of oils and fats are produced annually with a large section that are traded internationally. The International Organization for Standardization(ISO) body develops international standards covering almost all aspects of technology and manufacturing with 23,882 standards currently published. Standards in the animal and vegetable fats and oils sector is developed by Technical Committee ISO/TC 34, Food products, Subcommittee SC 11, Animal and vegetable fats and oils. Standards are developed through consensus by national members that represent ISO in their country. Each Standard is developed within a determined timeframe and goes through various pre-determined stages such as project proposal, development, national voting and commenting on the draft Standard to final publication. ISO TC34/SC11 Standards range from sampling of oils and fats, sample preparation to analysis of its composition, the minor components, and quality and identity parameters as well as contaminants. The analysis results are used by industry for product development, labelling, research and to provide peace of mind for consumers on its safety. An important future trend is the focus on the safety concerns from either environmental contamination(e.g. mineral oils) or processing contaminants such as esters of 3-MCPDs(3-monochloropropane-1,2-diol or 3-chloropropane-1,2-diol).
基金supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China(Grant No.70573103)
文摘Based on the statistics of 130 thesauri having been published in China so far,this article analyzes the development of thesauri in China from the origin,publication year,academic disciplines and quantity of entries collected,and re-defines the development stages.In addition,by collecting the 1,000 relevant research papers,the article also analyzes the theoretical studies from the aspects of the quantity of papers and research subjects in order to give a clear picture of the development and features of the researches on thesaurus in China.
