Background The pink bollworm(Pectinophora gossypiella,PBW)is a major cotton pest,causing economic losses by damaging seeds and fiber.Cotton growers typically use systemic and broad-spectrum insecticides for its manage...Background The pink bollworm(Pectinophora gossypiella,PBW)is a major cotton pest,causing economic losses by damaging seeds and fiber.Cotton growers typically use systemic and broad-spectrum insecticides for its manage-ment,which pose risks to human health and the environment.Consequently,there is a need for eco-friendly alterna-tives.This study evaluates the bio-efficacy of the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae strain TMBMA1 against pink bollworm and assesses its compatibility with major insecticides.Additionally,to comprehend the dynam-ics of colonization and the infection processes of entomopathogenic fungi(EPF),scanning electron microscopy(SEM)of infected larvae was carried out.Result We challenged the second instar PBW larvae to eight different concentrations(1×10^(3) to 1×10^(10) conidia mL^(-1))of an M.anisopliae strain TMBMA1.The highest mortality(100%)occurred at the higher concentrations i.e.,1×109 and 1×10^(10) spores mL^(-1),while the lowest mortality rate(46.6%)was observed at 1×10^(3) spores mL^(-1) con-centration compared to control(3.33%).TMBMA1’s biocontrol efficacy was validated by Probit analysis,exhibiting an exceptionally low median lethal concentration(LC50)value of 7.1×10^(5).The comparative evaluation revealed that the M.anisopliae strain TMBMA1 performed excellently with insecticide[Cypermethrin 10%(volume fraction)emulsifiable concentrate(EC)at 1 mL·L^(-1) water]giving 100%mortality,both being superior to a commercial prod-uct of M.anisopliae(60%).According to SEM analysis,the EPF strain was profusely colonized on both the internal and external surfaces of PBW larvae.Compatibility studies with insecticides revealed>98%and>96%reduction in the sporulation of M.anisopliae due to the treatment of Emamectin Benzoate 1.5%(mass fraction)+Profenofos 35%(mass fraction)water dispersible granules(WDG)and Profenofos 50%EC,respectively.In contrast,Cypermethrin 10%EC,Emamectin Benzoate 5%(mass fraction)Soluble Granules and Neem Seed Kernel Extract(NSKE)0.15%(volume fraction)treatments reported lower reduction(11.45%,13.79%and 21.21%respectively)in spore production.Conclusion According to the current investigations,the M.anisopliae strain TMBMA1 exhibits high virulence against PBW and offers a promising eco-friendly solution for managing this pest.It shows significant potential to pro-liferate on both external and internal surfaces of PBW.This strain can be integrated into PBW management programs with chemical insecticides,improving pest control and lessening environmental impact.展开更多
The pure Mg with columnar crystals was prepared by directional solidification,and the effect of process parameters on the crystal orientation and tensile properties was studied.Moreover,the microstructure evolution du...The pure Mg with columnar crystals was prepared by directional solidification,and the effect of process parameters on the crystal orientation and tensile properties was studied.Moreover,the microstructure evolution during tensile deformation was analyzed by electron backscatter diffraction(EBSD)technology.Furthermore,the slip within adjacent grains and grain boundary strain were discussed using the bicrystal model theory.The results show that the microstructure of the pure Mg at a pulling rate of 200μm/s is columnar polycrystal with growth orientation concentrated in<022ˉ5>,and no transverse grain boundaries can be seen.In addition,the Schmid factors(SFs)of basalslips in columnar crystals are higher than 0.43 under tensile stress.Moreover,the geometric compatibility factor of slip systems on both sides of grain boundaries is greater than 0.7,showing good strain coordination ability of grain boundaries.Therefore,the elongation of the directionally solidified pure Mg is as high as 53%at room temperature.展开更多
We have developed two 474 THz(633 nm)new iodine stabilized He-Ne lasers with compatible system of third and fifth harmonic locking.The frequency stability is 1.0×10-11/ 1s and 3.5×10-12 / 10s with third harm...We have developed two 474 THz(633 nm)new iodine stabilized He-Ne lasers with compatible system of third and fifth harmonic locking.The frequency stability is 1.0×10-11/ 1s and 3.5×10-12 / 10s with third harmonic locking,and corresponding values are 1.3×10-11/1s and 4.0×10-12/ 10s with fifth harmonic locking.We found that the frequency difference between the same component with third and fifth harmonic locking are from 5 kHz to SO kHz.Our experiment and analysis indicate that the center of fifth harmonic signals is closer to the Lorentzian center in iodine absorption component than one of the third harmonic signals,and the reproducibility with fifth harmonic locking is also better than one with third harmonic locking.展开更多
Ammonium dinitramide(ADN),which has the advantages of high energy density,no halogen and low characteristic signal,is not only considered as a new high-energy oxidizer that is expected to replace the traditional oxidi...Ammonium dinitramide(ADN),which has the advantages of high energy density,no halogen and low characteristic signal,is not only considered as a new high-energy oxidizer that is expected to replace the traditional oxidizer ammonium perchlorate(AP)in solid propellants,but also a good performance explosive in itself.However,due to the strong hygroscopicity of ADN,its application in solid propellants and explosives is greatly limited.Solving the hygroscopicity of ADN is the key to realize the wide application of ADN.In this paper,we systematically review the research progress of anti-hygroscopic strategies of ADN coating.The surface coating methods are focusing on solvent volatilization,solvent-non-solvent,melt crystallization and atomic layer deposition technology.The characteristics of the different methods are compared and analyzed,and the basis for the classification and selection of the coating materials are introduced in detail.In addition,the feasibility of material for surface coating of ADN is evaluated by several compatibility analysis methods.It is highly expected that the liquid phase method(solvent volatilization method,solvent-non-solvent method)would be the promising method for future ADN coating because of its effective,safety and facile operation.Furthermore,polymer materials,are the preferred coating materials due to their high viscosity,easy adhesion,good anti-hygroscopic effect,and heat resistance,which make ADN weak hygroscopicity,less sensitive,easier to preserve and good compatibility.展开更多
The longitudinal dispersion of the projectile in shooting tests of two-dimensional trajectory corrections fused with fixed canards is extremely large that it sometimes exceeds the correction ability of the correction ...The longitudinal dispersion of the projectile in shooting tests of two-dimensional trajectory corrections fused with fixed canards is extremely large that it sometimes exceeds the correction ability of the correction fuse actuator.The impact point easily deviates from the target,and thus the correction result cannot be readily evaluated.However,the cost of shooting tests is considerably high to conduct many tests for data collection.To address this issue,this study proposes an aiming method for shooting tests based on small sample size.The proposed method uses the Bootstrap method to expand the test data;repeatedly iterates and corrects the position of the simulated theoretical impact points through an improved compatibility test method;and dynamically adjusts the weight of the prior distribution of simulation results based on Kullback-Leibler divergence,which to some extent avoids the real data being"submerged"by the simulation data and achieves the fusion Bayesian estimation of the dispersion center.The experimental results show that when the simulation accuracy is sufficiently high,the proposed method yields a smaller mean-square deviation in estimating the dispersion center and higher shooting accuracy than those of the three comparison methods,which is more conducive to reflecting the effect of the control algorithm and facilitating test personnel to iterate their proposed structures and algorithms.;in addition,this study provides a knowledge base for further comprehensive studies in the future.展开更多
The weighted arithmetical mean complex judgement matrix （WAMCJM） is the most common method for aggregating group opinions, but it has a shortcoming, namely the WAMCJM of the perfectly consistent judgement matrices g...The weighted arithmetical mean complex judgement matrix （WAMCJM） is the most common method for aggregating group opinions, but it has a shortcoming, namely the WAMCJM of the perfectly consistent judgement matrices given by experts canot guarantee its perfect consistency. An upper bound of the WAMCJM＇s consistency is presented. Simultaneously, a compatibility index of judging the aggregating extent of group opinions is also introduced. The WAMCJM is of acceptable consistency and is proved provided the compatibilities of all judgement matrices given by experts are smaller than the threshold value of acceptable consistency. These conclusions are important to group decision making.展开更多
The idea of Ku-band transceiver frequency conversion module design based on 3D micropackaging technology is proposed. By using the double frequency conversion technology,the dual transceiver circuit from Ku-band to L-...The idea of Ku-band transceiver frequency conversion module design based on 3D micropackaging technology is proposed. By using the double frequency conversion technology,the dual transceiver circuit from Ku-band to L-band is realized by combining with the local oscillator and the power control circuit to complete functions such as amplification, filtering and gain. In order to achieve the performance optimization and a high level of integration of the Ku-band monolithic microwave integrated circuits(MMIC) operating chip, the 3 D vertical interconnection micro-assembly technology is used. By stacking solder balls on the printed circuit board(PCB), the technology decreases the volume of the original transceiver to a miniaturized module. The module has a good electromagnetic compatibility through special structure designs. This module has the characteristics of miniaturization, low power consumption and high density, which is suitable for popularization in practical application.展开更多
Growth and osmotic response of Lactobacillus bulgaricus ATCC 11842 under hyperosmotic constraint were investigated in a chemically defined medium （CDM） and MRS medium. NaCl could inhibit the growth of L. bulgaricus ...Growth and osmotic response of Lactobacillus bulgaricus ATCC 11842 under hyperosmotic constraint were investigated in a chemically defined medium （CDM） and MRS medium. NaCl could inhibit the growth of L. bulgaricus which decreased with increasing NaCl concentration. In the MRS, NaCl of 1.0 mol·L-1 was the biggest salt stress concentration; in the CDM, 0.8 mol·L-1 was the biggest inhibition concentration. In contrast to what was observed in other lactic acid bacteria, proline, glycine betaine and related molecules were unable to relieve inhibition of growth of L. bulgaricus under osmotic constraint. This was correlated to the absence of sequences homologous to the genes coding for glycine-betaine and/or proline transporters described in Lactococcus lactis and Bacillus subtilis. The amino acid aspartate and alanine were proved to be osmoprotective under NaCl stress. Addition of peptone （0.25% w/v） in the presence of salt led to a stimulation of the growth, as the decrease of the lag time and generation time, and the final biomass increased from 0.31 to 0.64.展开更多
A novel high-speed parallel kinematic machine （PKM） named Delta-S parallel manipulator is proposed, which consists of a fixed base connected to a moving platform through three limbs with identical topology. Each lim...A novel high-speed parallel kinematic machine （PKM） named Delta-S parallel manipulator is proposed, which consists of a fixed base connected to a moving platform through three limbs with identical topology. Each limb is composed of one driving ann and one follower arm, herein, the latter includes two strings and one middle rod, all located in a same plane. Compared with similar manipulators with uniform parameters, the novel and unique topology as well as the addition of two strings of Delta-S manipulator can remove the clearance of the spherical joints, reduce the inertial load of components further, improve the positioning accuracy and dynamic performance, and so on. In order to formulate the kineto-static model of Delta-S manipulator, the kineto-static analyses and models of the driving arm, the generalized follower and the moving platform can be carried out by the D＇ALEMBERT principle. For the sake of obtaining the force analytic results of strings, the deformation compatibility condition of strings and the middle rod are determined. Furthermore, in virtue of the assumption of small deformation and the linear superposition principle, the minimal pre-tightening force of the strings is calculated. The main results include that the loads of the strings and the middle rod must be larger than ＂zero＂ and the pre-tightening force over the workspace must be larger than the minimal pre-tightening force at any time within the workspace, which lay the foundation for the dynamic analysis and the prototype manufacture of the Delta-S manipulator.展开更多
A new finite element model for single-layered strand was investigated for accurate and efficient mechanical behavior analysis.Mathematical model was created by sectional path-nodes sweeping and dynamic node-beam mappi...A new finite element model for single-layered strand was investigated for accurate and efficient mechanical behavior analysis.Mathematical model was created by sectional path-nodes sweeping and dynamic node-beam mapping.Geometric relations between nodes in center core wire and helical wires were deduced in tension and bending incorporating material elasticity theory and deformation geometrical compatibility.Based on Timoshenko beam theory,strand of a pitch length was modeled with specific material,geometric parameters and synthesized constraint equations defined in ANSYS software,and predetermined load cases were performed.The obtained results show that discrepancies between suggested method and Costello theory do not exceed 1.51% in tension and 6.21% in bending,which verifies the correctness and accuracy of the suggested finite element model in predicting mechanical behavior of single-layered wire strand.展开更多
The application of mixed powders with different mass fraction on laser additive repairing(LAR)can be an effective way to guarantee the performance and functionality of repaired part in time.A convenient and feasible a...The application of mixed powders with different mass fraction on laser additive repairing(LAR)can be an effective way to guarantee the performance and functionality of repaired part in time.A convenient and feasible approach is presented to repair TA15 forgings by employing Ti6Al4V-xTA15 mixed powders in this paper.The performance compatibility of Ti6Al4V-xTA15 powders from the aspects of microhardness,tensile property,heat capacity,thermal expansion coefficient and corrosion resistance with the TA15 forgings was fully investigated.The primaryαlaths were refined and the volume fraction of the secondaryαphase was increased by increasing the mass fraction of TA15 in the mixed Ti6Al4V-xTA15 powders,leading to varied performances.In conclusion,the mixed Ti6Al4V-70%TA15(x=70%)powders is the most suitable candidate and is recommended as the raw material for LAR of TA15 forgings based on overall consideration of the compatibility calculations of the laser repaired zone with the wrought substrate zone.展开更多
As for the Domino effect dv/dt and electromagnetic interference during the rapid switching course of single-chip switching power supply,this article firstly analyzes electromagnetic interference source,and then diagno...As for the Domino effect dv/dt and electromagnetic interference during the rapid switching course of single-chip switching power supply,this article firstly analyzes electromagnetic interference source,and then diagnoses the essential interaction relationship between interference and switching activity based on the timely and area measured waveform,analyzes and studies the production mechanism and coupling path of interference mode,and sets up circuit model according to the features of transverse mode interference and common mode interference.Put forward different suppression methods finally.展开更多
The mathematical model of electromagnetic compatibility and the distribution of aircraft antenna system have been investigated. The solutions of the antenna gain and electromagnetic interference margin in the regions ...The mathematical model of electromagnetic compatibility and the distribution of aircraft antenna system have been investigated. The solutions of the antenna gain and electromagnetic interference margin in the regions of low frequency, resonance and high frequency were discussed. By using the basic analytical method of the EMI margin the distributed antenna system can be determined. The main program flow chart of distributed antenna design were given, and illustrated with examples of the microstrip antennas.展开更多
OBJECTIVE To investigate the compatibility of the prescription Rhodiolarosea,Cordycepsmilitaris,and Rhubarb root.METHODS The DIO mice accompanying with insulin resistance,hypercholesterolemia and obesity were induced ...OBJECTIVE To investigate the compatibility of the prescription Rhodiolarosea,Cordycepsmilitaris,and Rhubarb root.METHODS The DIO mice accompanying with insulin resistance,hypercholesterolemia and obesity were induced by high fat diet(HFD)in C57BL/6mice.For evaluating the insulin sensitivity in vivo,the values of serum insulin,HOMA-IR,and the glucose infuse rate(GIR)in hyperinsulinemiceuglycemic clamp test were determined;the time-dependent blood glucose changes were measured after insulin loading in insulin tolerance test(ITT),or after glucose loading in glucose tolerance test(GTT),respectively.Recombinant human protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B(PTP1B)was overexpressed by hGST-PTP1BBL21 E.coli and purified by GST affinity chromatography.The activities of PTP1 Band glutamine:fructose 6-phosphate amidotransferase(GFAT)were measured by the pNPP and GDH method,respectively.The activity ofα-glucosidase was determined with the substrates of p-nitrophenyl-alpha-D-glucopyranoside(pNPG).The IC50 value was calculated using the software GraphPad Prism 5.RESULTS 1st,the standard for the raw materials and for the extraction process of Rhodiolarosea,Cordycepsmilitaris,and Rhubarbroot are formulated according to the inhibition on PTP1 B,α-glucosidase,and GFAT in vitro,and the improvement on impaired glucose tolerance(IGT),hypercholesterolemia,and obesity in vivo,respectively.2nd,the composition was determined by the synergistic effects of Rhodiolarosea,Cordycepsmilitaris,and Rhubarb root on insulin resistance in DIO mice.3rd,in accordance with the IC50 values from the L9(34)and L8(27)orthogonal experiments targeting on PTP1 B and α-glucosidase,respectively,the best rate of Rhodiolarosea∶Cordycepsmilitaris∶Rhubarbroot was selected.4th,the effective dose for the treatment of metabolic syndrome was assessed based on the effects on IGT,hypercholesterolemia,obesity,insulin resistance,respectively,in DIO mice.CONCLUSION The prescription compatibility of Rhodiolarosea,Cordycepsmilitaris,and Rhubarbroot with the rate of 20∶1∶1was formed to treat the metabolic syndrome,such as IGT,hypercholesterolemia,and obesity,with the effective dose of 200 mg·kg-1 by the major mechanism of the improvement on insulin sensitivity.Monarch drug,Rhodiola,can clear away the lung-heat,tonify Qi,resolve stasis and nourish the heart.Adjuvant drug,Cordycepsmilitaris,can tonify the lung Qi and the kidney essence,strong waist and knee,compatibility with Rhodiola to enhance the function of invigorating lung and kidney.Assistant drug,Rhubarb,can clear heat,detoxify,remove blood stasis.These three herbal are compatible to show the effects of tonifying Qi,nourishing essence,cleaning heat,reducing phlegm and resolving masses for the treatment of metabolic syndrome.展开更多
This paper introduces a multi-granularity locking model (MGL) for concurrency control in object-oriented database system briefiy, and presents a MGL model formally. Four lockingscheduling algorithms for MGL are propos...This paper introduces a multi-granularity locking model (MGL) for concurrency control in object-oriented database system briefiy, and presents a MGL model formally. Four lockingscheduling algorithms for MGL are proposed in the paper. The ideas of single queue scheduling(SQS) and dual queue scheduling (DQS) are proposed and the algorithm and the performance evaluation for these two scheduling are presented in some paper. This paper describes a new idea of thescheduling for MGL, compatible requests first (CRF). Combining the new idea with SQS and DQS,we propose two new scheduling algorithms called CRFS and CRFD. After describing the simulationmodel, this paper illustrates the comparisons of the performance among these four algorithms. Asshown in the experiments, DQS has better performance than SQS, CRFD is better than DQS, CRFSperforms better than SQS, and CRFS is the best one of these four scheduling algorithms.展开更多
"Herb-Pairs",also known as pair drugs,refers to a prescription consisted of two relatively fixed traditional Chinese medicine,is the most basic,most simple and most common form of medication prescription in ..."Herb-Pairs",also known as pair drugs,refers to a prescription consisted of two relatively fixed traditional Chinese medicine,is the most basic,most simple and most common form of medication prescription in traditional Chinese medicine compound compatibility.It is not a random combination of two herbs,nor is the simple accumulation of efficacy,but the simple and delicate experience of ancient Chinese medicine practitioners.As a bridge between single drug and prescriptions,it is the embodiment of the regular and dialectical connotation.Therefore,research on Herb-Pairs has always been the most basic and most important entry point for compound compatibility studies.However,the interaction between herbs and herbs is an effect with a downside as well as benefits.The beneficial herb-herb interaction in Herb-Pairs include mutual promotion,mutual enhancement,mutual restraint between two drugs and counteract toxicity of another drug.And the harmful herb-herb interaction in Herb-Pairs includes mutual inhibition and antagonism.Al of these interactions areby means of affecting the metabolism of components to play a therapeutic effect.Using the pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic(PK-PD)binding model,the combination of drug metabolism and pharmacodynamics can further elucidate the influence on effect caused by drug concentration and metabolism,which can help elucidate the mechanism of drug action.Consequently,in this review,the herb-herb interactions in terms of pharmacokinetic were summarized to elucidate rule of TCM compatibility.展开更多
Thermal decomposition of[R<sub>4</sub>N][FeCo<sub>3</sub>（CO）<sub>12</sub>][I]（R=ethyl,butyl,hexadecyl,benzyltrimethyl,benzyltriethyl）in n-heptane,toluene and methanol was inves...Thermal decomposition of[R<sub>4</sub>N][FeCo<sub>3</sub>（CO）<sub>12</sub>][I]（R=ethyl,butyl,hexadecyl,benzyltrimethyl,benzyltriethyl）in n-heptane,toluene and methanol was investigated bythe in situ high pressure IR spectroscopic method.The results show that underhydroformylation conditions all clusters decompose to Co<sub>2</sub>（CO）<sub>8</sub>,Fe（CO）<sub>5</sub> and the salt ofCo（CO）<sub>4</sub><sup>-</sup>,and Co<sub>2</sub>（CO）<sub>8</sub> reacts with H<sub>2</sub> to form HCo（CO）<sub>4</sub>.Thermal stability of theclusters decrease with the increase of polarity of solvents.Under the hydroformylation con-ditions,IR spectra of the clusters are compatible with those of Fe（CO）<sub>5</sub>+Co<sub>2</sub>（CO）<sub>8</sub>+[R<sub>4</sub>N]Cl system.Because of the stabilizing effect or tetra-alkylammonium cation,when the tem-perature drops below 50℃ after decomposition of the clusters,the characteristic absorptionbands of the clusters appear again,so the decomposition process is reversible.展开更多
文摘Background The pink bollworm(Pectinophora gossypiella,PBW)is a major cotton pest,causing economic losses by damaging seeds and fiber.Cotton growers typically use systemic and broad-spectrum insecticides for its manage-ment,which pose risks to human health and the environment.Consequently,there is a need for eco-friendly alterna-tives.This study evaluates the bio-efficacy of the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae strain TMBMA1 against pink bollworm and assesses its compatibility with major insecticides.Additionally,to comprehend the dynam-ics of colonization and the infection processes of entomopathogenic fungi(EPF),scanning electron microscopy(SEM)of infected larvae was carried out.Result We challenged the second instar PBW larvae to eight different concentrations(1×10^(3) to 1×10^(10) conidia mL^(-1))of an M.anisopliae strain TMBMA1.The highest mortality(100%)occurred at the higher concentrations i.e.,1×109 and 1×10^(10) spores mL^(-1),while the lowest mortality rate(46.6%)was observed at 1×10^(3) spores mL^(-1) con-centration compared to control(3.33%).TMBMA1’s biocontrol efficacy was validated by Probit analysis,exhibiting an exceptionally low median lethal concentration(LC50)value of 7.1×10^(5).The comparative evaluation revealed that the M.anisopliae strain TMBMA1 performed excellently with insecticide[Cypermethrin 10%(volume fraction)emulsifiable concentrate(EC)at 1 mL·L^(-1) water]giving 100%mortality,both being superior to a commercial prod-uct of M.anisopliae(60%).According to SEM analysis,the EPF strain was profusely colonized on both the internal and external surfaces of PBW larvae.Compatibility studies with insecticides revealed>98%and>96%reduction in the sporulation of M.anisopliae due to the treatment of Emamectin Benzoate 1.5%(mass fraction)+Profenofos 35%(mass fraction)water dispersible granules(WDG)and Profenofos 50%EC,respectively.In contrast,Cypermethrin 10%EC,Emamectin Benzoate 5%(mass fraction)Soluble Granules and Neem Seed Kernel Extract(NSKE)0.15%(volume fraction)treatments reported lower reduction(11.45%,13.79%and 21.21%respectively)in spore production.Conclusion According to the current investigations,the M.anisopliae strain TMBMA1 exhibits high virulence against PBW and offers a promising eco-friendly solution for managing this pest.It shows significant potential to pro-liferate on both external and internal surfaces of PBW.This strain can be integrated into PBW management programs with chemical insecticides,improving pest control and lessening environmental impact.
基金Projects(51775099,51675092)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProjects(E2021501019,E2022501001,E2022501006)supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province,China。
文摘The pure Mg with columnar crystals was prepared by directional solidification,and the effect of process parameters on the crystal orientation and tensile properties was studied.Moreover,the microstructure evolution during tensile deformation was analyzed by electron backscatter diffraction(EBSD)technology.Furthermore,the slip within adjacent grains and grain boundary strain were discussed using the bicrystal model theory.The results show that the microstructure of the pure Mg at a pulling rate of 200μm/s is columnar polycrystal with growth orientation concentrated in<022ˉ5>,and no transverse grain boundaries can be seen.In addition,the Schmid factors(SFs)of basalslips in columnar crystals are higher than 0.43 under tensile stress.Moreover,the geometric compatibility factor of slip systems on both sides of grain boundaries is greater than 0.7,showing good strain coordination ability of grain boundaries.Therefore,the elongation of the directionally solidified pure Mg is as high as 53%at room temperature.
基金The project is supported by Naural Science Foundation Committee of China
文摘We have developed two 474 THz(633 nm)new iodine stabilized He-Ne lasers with compatible system of third and fifth harmonic locking.The frequency stability is 1.0×10-11/ 1s and 3.5×10-12 / 10s with third harmonic locking,and corresponding values are 1.3×10-11/1s and 4.0×10-12/ 10s with fifth harmonic locking.We found that the frequency difference between the same component with third and fifth harmonic locking are from 5 kHz to SO kHz.Our experiment and analysis indicate that the center of fifth harmonic signals is closer to the Lorentzian center in iodine absorption component than one of the third harmonic signals,and the reproducibility with fifth harmonic locking is also better than one with third harmonic locking.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.21805139,12102194 and 22005144)the Joint Funds of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.U2141202)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.30921011203)the Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CAST(YESS Program,2021QNRC001)。
文摘Ammonium dinitramide(ADN),which has the advantages of high energy density,no halogen and low characteristic signal,is not only considered as a new high-energy oxidizer that is expected to replace the traditional oxidizer ammonium perchlorate(AP)in solid propellants,but also a good performance explosive in itself.However,due to the strong hygroscopicity of ADN,its application in solid propellants and explosives is greatly limited.Solving the hygroscopicity of ADN is the key to realize the wide application of ADN.In this paper,we systematically review the research progress of anti-hygroscopic strategies of ADN coating.The surface coating methods are focusing on solvent volatilization,solvent-non-solvent,melt crystallization and atomic layer deposition technology.The characteristics of the different methods are compared and analyzed,and the basis for the classification and selection of the coating materials are introduced in detail.In addition,the feasibility of material for surface coating of ADN is evaluated by several compatibility analysis methods.It is highly expected that the liquid phase method(solvent volatilization method,solvent-non-solvent method)would be the promising method for future ADN coating because of its effective,safety and facile operation.Furthermore,polymer materials,are the preferred coating materials due to their high viscosity,easy adhesion,good anti-hygroscopic effect,and heat resistance,which make ADN weak hygroscopicity,less sensitive,easier to preserve and good compatibility.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.61973033)Preliminary Research of Equipment(Grant No.9090102010305)for funding the experiments。
文摘The longitudinal dispersion of the projectile in shooting tests of two-dimensional trajectory corrections fused with fixed canards is extremely large that it sometimes exceeds the correction ability of the correction fuse actuator.The impact point easily deviates from the target,and thus the correction result cannot be readily evaluated.However,the cost of shooting tests is considerably high to conduct many tests for data collection.To address this issue,this study proposes an aiming method for shooting tests based on small sample size.The proposed method uses the Bootstrap method to expand the test data;repeatedly iterates and corrects the position of the simulated theoretical impact points through an improved compatibility test method;and dynamically adjusts the weight of the prior distribution of simulation results based on Kullback-Leibler divergence,which to some extent avoids the real data being"submerged"by the simulation data and achieves the fusion Bayesian estimation of the dispersion center.The experimental results show that when the simulation accuracy is sufficiently high,the proposed method yields a smaller mean-square deviation in estimating the dispersion center and higher shooting accuracy than those of the three comparison methods,which is more conducive to reflecting the effect of the control algorithm and facilitating test personnel to iterate their proposed structures and algorithms.;in addition,this study provides a knowledge base for further comprehensive studies in the future.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (705250047047103570121001).
文摘The weighted arithmetical mean complex judgement matrix （WAMCJM） is the most common method for aggregating group opinions, but it has a shortcoming, namely the WAMCJM of the perfectly consistent judgement matrices given by experts canot guarantee its perfect consistency. An upper bound of the WAMCJM＇s consistency is presented. Simultaneously, a compatibility index of judging the aggregating extent of group opinions is also introduced. The WAMCJM is of acceptable consistency and is proved provided the compatibilities of all judgement matrices given by experts are smaller than the threshold value of acceptable consistency. These conclusions are important to group decision making.
文摘The idea of Ku-band transceiver frequency conversion module design based on 3D micropackaging technology is proposed. By using the double frequency conversion technology,the dual transceiver circuit from Ku-band to L-band is realized by combining with the local oscillator and the power control circuit to complete functions such as amplification, filtering and gain. In order to achieve the performance optimization and a high level of integration of the Ku-band monolithic microwave integrated circuits(MMIC) operating chip, the 3 D vertical interconnection micro-assembly technology is used. By stacking solder balls on the printed circuit board(PCB), the technology decreases the volume of the original transceiver to a miniaturized module. The module has a good electromagnetic compatibility through special structure designs. This module has the characteristics of miniaturization, low power consumption and high density, which is suitable for popularization in practical application.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Funds (31201397)Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University (IRT0959)Doctor Start Fund of Northeast Agricultural University (2010RCB59)
文摘Growth and osmotic response of Lactobacillus bulgaricus ATCC 11842 under hyperosmotic constraint were investigated in a chemically defined medium （CDM） and MRS medium. NaCl could inhibit the growth of L. bulgaricus which decreased with increasing NaCl concentration. In the MRS, NaCl of 1.0 mol·L-1 was the biggest salt stress concentration; in the CDM, 0.8 mol·L-1 was the biggest inhibition concentration. In contrast to what was observed in other lactic acid bacteria, proline, glycine betaine and related molecules were unable to relieve inhibition of growth of L. bulgaricus under osmotic constraint. This was correlated to the absence of sequences homologous to the genes coding for glycine-betaine and/or proline transporters described in Lactococcus lactis and Bacillus subtilis. The amino acid aspartate and alanine were proved to be osmoprotective under NaCl stress. Addition of peptone （0.25% w/v） in the presence of salt led to a stimulation of the growth, as the decrease of the lag time and generation time, and the final biomass increased from 0.31 to 0.64.
基金Projects(50175295,50675151) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(11JCZDJC22700) supported by Tianjin Science and Technology Program,ChinaProject(2007AA042001) supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China
文摘A novel high-speed parallel kinematic machine （PKM） named Delta-S parallel manipulator is proposed, which consists of a fixed base connected to a moving platform through three limbs with identical topology. Each limb is composed of one driving ann and one follower arm, herein, the latter includes two strings and one middle rod, all located in a same plane. Compared with similar manipulators with uniform parameters, the novel and unique topology as well as the addition of two strings of Delta-S manipulator can remove the clearance of the spherical joints, reduce the inertial load of components further, improve the positioning accuracy and dynamic performance, and so on. In order to formulate the kineto-static model of Delta-S manipulator, the kineto-static analyses and models of the driving arm, the generalized follower and the moving platform can be carried out by the D＇ALEMBERT principle. For the sake of obtaining the force analytic results of strings, the deformation compatibility condition of strings and the middle rod are determined. Furthermore, in virtue of the assumption of small deformation and the linear superposition principle, the minimal pre-tightening force of the strings is calculated. The main results include that the loads of the strings and the middle rod must be larger than ＂zero＂ and the pre-tightening force over the workspace must be larger than the minimal pre-tightening force at any time within the workspace, which lay the foundation for the dynamic analysis and the prototype manufacture of the Delta-S manipulator.
基金Project(2009J007)supported by Science and Technology Department of Railway Ministry of ChinaProject(U1134203)supported by Joint Fund of High-speed Railway Fundamental Research,China
文摘A new finite element model for single-layered strand was investigated for accurate and efficient mechanical behavior analysis.Mathematical model was created by sectional path-nodes sweeping and dynamic node-beam mapping.Geometric relations between nodes in center core wire and helical wires were deduced in tension and bending incorporating material elasticity theory and deformation geometrical compatibility.Based on Timoshenko beam theory,strand of a pitch length was modeled with specific material,geometric parameters and synthesized constraint equations defined in ANSYS software,and predetermined load cases were performed.The obtained results show that discrepancies between suggested method and Costello theory do not exceed 1.51% in tension and 6.21% in bending,which verifies the correctness and accuracy of the suggested finite element model in predicting mechanical behavior of single-layered wire strand.
基金Project(2019-00899-1-1)supported by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of ChinaProject(2021JM-060)supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province,ChinaProject(3102019QD0409)supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China。
文摘The application of mixed powders with different mass fraction on laser additive repairing(LAR)can be an effective way to guarantee the performance and functionality of repaired part in time.A convenient and feasible approach is presented to repair TA15 forgings by employing Ti6Al4V-xTA15 mixed powders in this paper.The performance compatibility of Ti6Al4V-xTA15 powders from the aspects of microhardness,tensile property,heat capacity,thermal expansion coefficient and corrosion resistance with the TA15 forgings was fully investigated.The primaryαlaths were refined and the volume fraction of the secondaryαphase was increased by increasing the mass fraction of TA15 in the mixed Ti6Al4V-xTA15 powders,leading to varied performances.In conclusion,the mixed Ti6Al4V-70%TA15(x=70%)powders is the most suitable candidate and is recommended as the raw material for LAR of TA15 forgings based on overall consideration of the compatibility calculations of the laser repaired zone with the wrought substrate zone.
基金Tianjin Natunal science Foundation of China(No:05YFSYSF033)
文摘As for the Domino effect dv/dt and electromagnetic interference during the rapid switching course of single-chip switching power supply,this article firstly analyzes electromagnetic interference source,and then diagnoses the essential interaction relationship between interference and switching activity based on the timely and area measured waveform,analyzes and studies the production mechanism and coupling path of interference mode,and sets up circuit model according to the features of transverse mode interference and common mode interference.Put forward different suppression methods finally.
文摘The mathematical model of electromagnetic compatibility and the distribution of aircraft antenna system have been investigated. The solutions of the antenna gain and electromagnetic interference margin in the regions of low frequency, resonance and high frequency were discussed. By using the basic analytical method of the EMI margin the distributed antenna system can be determined. The main program flow chart of distributed antenna design were given, and illustrated with examples of the microstrip antennas.
基金The project supported by National Major Special Project on New Drug Innovation of China(2009ZX09103-4322012ZX09103-101-063+1 种基金2012ZX09301002-004)We also appreciate the support of Novo Nordisk Union Diabetes Research Talent Fund
文摘OBJECTIVE To investigate the compatibility of the prescription Rhodiolarosea,Cordycepsmilitaris,and Rhubarb root.METHODS The DIO mice accompanying with insulin resistance,hypercholesterolemia and obesity were induced by high fat diet(HFD)in C57BL/6mice.For evaluating the insulin sensitivity in vivo,the values of serum insulin,HOMA-IR,and the glucose infuse rate(GIR)in hyperinsulinemiceuglycemic clamp test were determined;the time-dependent blood glucose changes were measured after insulin loading in insulin tolerance test(ITT),or after glucose loading in glucose tolerance test(GTT),respectively.Recombinant human protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B(PTP1B)was overexpressed by hGST-PTP1BBL21 E.coli and purified by GST affinity chromatography.The activities of PTP1 Band glutamine:fructose 6-phosphate amidotransferase(GFAT)were measured by the pNPP and GDH method,respectively.The activity ofα-glucosidase was determined with the substrates of p-nitrophenyl-alpha-D-glucopyranoside(pNPG).The IC50 value was calculated using the software GraphPad Prism 5.RESULTS 1st,the standard for the raw materials and for the extraction process of Rhodiolarosea,Cordycepsmilitaris,and Rhubarbroot are formulated according to the inhibition on PTP1 B,α-glucosidase,and GFAT in vitro,and the improvement on impaired glucose tolerance(IGT),hypercholesterolemia,and obesity in vivo,respectively.2nd,the composition was determined by the synergistic effects of Rhodiolarosea,Cordycepsmilitaris,and Rhubarb root on insulin resistance in DIO mice.3rd,in accordance with the IC50 values from the L9(34)and L8(27)orthogonal experiments targeting on PTP1 B and α-glucosidase,respectively,the best rate of Rhodiolarosea∶Cordycepsmilitaris∶Rhubarbroot was selected.4th,the effective dose for the treatment of metabolic syndrome was assessed based on the effects on IGT,hypercholesterolemia,obesity,insulin resistance,respectively,in DIO mice.CONCLUSION The prescription compatibility of Rhodiolarosea,Cordycepsmilitaris,and Rhubarbroot with the rate of 20∶1∶1was formed to treat the metabolic syndrome,such as IGT,hypercholesterolemia,and obesity,with the effective dose of 200 mg·kg-1 by the major mechanism of the improvement on insulin sensitivity.Monarch drug,Rhodiola,can clear away the lung-heat,tonify Qi,resolve stasis and nourish the heart.Adjuvant drug,Cordycepsmilitaris,can tonify the lung Qi and the kidney essence,strong waist and knee,compatibility with Rhodiola to enhance the function of invigorating lung and kidney.Assistant drug,Rhubarb,can clear heat,detoxify,remove blood stasis.These three herbal are compatible to show the effects of tonifying Qi,nourishing essence,cleaning heat,reducing phlegm and resolving masses for the treatment of metabolic syndrome.
文摘This paper introduces a multi-granularity locking model (MGL) for concurrency control in object-oriented database system briefiy, and presents a MGL model formally. Four lockingscheduling algorithms for MGL are proposed in the paper. The ideas of single queue scheduling(SQS) and dual queue scheduling (DQS) are proposed and the algorithm and the performance evaluation for these two scheduling are presented in some paper. This paper describes a new idea of thescheduling for MGL, compatible requests first (CRF). Combining the new idea with SQS and DQS,we propose two new scheduling algorithms called CRFS and CRFD. After describing the simulationmodel, this paper illustrates the comparisons of the performance among these four algorithms. Asshown in the experiments, DQS has better performance than SQS, CRFD is better than DQS, CRFSperforms better than SQS, and CRFS is the best one of these four scheduling algorithms.
文摘"Herb-Pairs",also known as pair drugs,refers to a prescription consisted of two relatively fixed traditional Chinese medicine,is the most basic,most simple and most common form of medication prescription in traditional Chinese medicine compound compatibility.It is not a random combination of two herbs,nor is the simple accumulation of efficacy,but the simple and delicate experience of ancient Chinese medicine practitioners.As a bridge between single drug and prescriptions,it is the embodiment of the regular and dialectical connotation.Therefore,research on Herb-Pairs has always been the most basic and most important entry point for compound compatibility studies.However,the interaction between herbs and herbs is an effect with a downside as well as benefits.The beneficial herb-herb interaction in Herb-Pairs include mutual promotion,mutual enhancement,mutual restraint between two drugs and counteract toxicity of another drug.And the harmful herb-herb interaction in Herb-Pairs includes mutual inhibition and antagonism.Al of these interactions areby means of affecting the metabolism of components to play a therapeutic effect.Using the pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic(PK-PD)binding model,the combination of drug metabolism and pharmacodynamics can further elucidate the influence on effect caused by drug concentration and metabolism,which can help elucidate the mechanism of drug action.Consequently,in this review,the herb-herb interactions in terms of pharmacokinetic were summarized to elucidate rule of TCM compatibility.
基金This work was supported by the Science Foundation of Chinese Academy of Sciences.
文摘Thermal decomposition of[R<sub>4</sub>N][FeCo<sub>3</sub>（CO）<sub>12</sub>][I]（R=ethyl,butyl,hexadecyl,benzyltrimethyl,benzyltriethyl）in n-heptane,toluene and methanol was investigated bythe in situ high pressure IR spectroscopic method.The results show that underhydroformylation conditions all clusters decompose to Co<sub>2</sub>（CO）<sub>8</sub>,Fe（CO）<sub>5</sub> and the salt ofCo（CO）<sub>4</sub><sup>-</sup>,and Co<sub>2</sub>（CO）<sub>8</sub> reacts with H<sub>2</sub> to form HCo（CO）<sub>4</sub>.Thermal stability of theclusters decrease with the increase of polarity of solvents.Under the hydroformylation con-ditions,IR spectra of the clusters are compatible with those of Fe（CO）<sub>5</sub>+Co<sub>2</sub>（CO）<sub>8</sub>+[R<sub>4</sub>N]Cl system.Because of the stabilizing effect or tetra-alkylammonium cation,when the tem-perature drops below 50℃ after decomposition of the clusters,the characteristic absorptionbands of the clusters appear again,so the decomposition process is reversible.
