【Objectives】Si and microbial application could relieve the crop replanting problems(CRPs).We further studied the change of key microorganisms that are related to the beneficial effects,aiming at provide reference fo...【Objectives】Si and microbial application could relieve the crop replanting problems(CRPs).We further studied the change of key microorganisms that are related to the beneficial effects,aiming at provide reference for the manufacture and application of both microbial agents and Si fertilizer in food lily production.【Methods】A field experiment was conducted over a three-year period,from March 2019 to March 2022.The experimental field had been continuously cultivated with lily for 9 years.Three treatments were established:silicon fertilizer(SF),microbial agents(“Special 8^(TM)”,MF),and combined application of silicon fertilizer and microbial agents(SMF).A control group with blank soil(CK)was also included.At seedling stage of Lanzhou lilies in 2020 and 2021,the shoot and bulb dry weight,and the plant height and stem diameter of Lanzhou lilies were investigated for calculation of seedling index.In July 2020,20 plants were selected in each plot,and root zone soils were sampled at a depth of 20 cm,10 cm away from the roots,and then mixed to form a composite sample.The soil available Si and organic matter content were analyzed,and the fungal community structure and some specific microbial groups in soils were determined with high-throughput sequencing of ITS.【Results】All the three treatments significantly enhanced the lily plant growth and the seedling index,compared to CK.Besides,SF and MF treatments increased the relative abundances(RA)and diversity of fungal communities,and altered the community structures.The RA of some specific groups were found to be significantly correlated with the seedling index and/or soil available Si.Of them,the RA of the genera Fusarium,Dactylonectria,Humicola,Stilbella,and the species Humicola_grisea showed a positive correlation,while that of the genera Mortierella,Stilbella,Holtermanniella,and the species Mortierella_fatshederae showed a negative correlation with seedling index.The genera Fusarium,Stilbella,the species Humicola_grisea,and Dactylonectria_estremocensis showed a positive correlation,while the genura Stilbella,and the species Mortierella fatshederae showed a negative correlation with available Si content.In the co-occurence network of top twenty fungal genera and top sixteen bacterial genera(RA>0.2%),Holtermanniella was the only genus that interacted with the bacteria and negatively correlated with bacterial genus Blastococcus.Holtermanniella was also the most densely connected genera,followed by the genus Fusarium,Didymella and Humicola.In addition,the genus Holtermanniella was the key species connecting fungal and bacterial community in soil.Fungal functional prediction revealed that SF,MF and SMF treatments decreased plant pathogens guilds and increased the beneficial guilds Ectomycorrhizal,plant saprophyte,leaf saprophyte,and arbuscular mycorrhizal compared to CK.【Conclusions】Combined application of silicon fertilizer and microbial agents can alleviate continuous replanting problems of Lanzhou lilies through restoring the fungal community diversity,and promoting plant residue depredation,thus reducing soil born disease incidence.The beneficial genus Humicola and its one species H.grisea acts as bioconversion,and the genus Acremonium acts as plant pathogen inhibitor.展开更多
Nutritional accumulation mainly occurres from growth stage 2 to stage 3(lotus-setting stage to early heading stage, 48 - 72 days after transplanting)in Chinese cabbage. The uptake ratio of N and K is nearly l:l,and th...Nutritional accumulation mainly occurres from growth stage 2 to stage 3(lotus-setting stage to early heading stage, 48 - 72 days after transplanting)in Chinese cabbage. The uptake ratio of N and K is nearly l:l,and their uptake amounts are obviously higher than that of P. Balanced fertilization .especially the suitable combination of N and K,is important for the production of high yield and high quality.展开更多
The effects of various Ca 2+ modifying drugs on moue egg fertilization were studied.Ca 2+ chelator,ethylen glycol bis (2 aminoethyl) tetracetic acid(EGTA),and calmodulin (CaM) antagonist,trifluoperzaine...The effects of various Ca 2+ modifying drugs on moue egg fertilization were studied.Ca 2+ chelator,ethylen glycol bis (2 aminoethyl) tetracetic acid(EGTA),and calmodulin (CaM) antagonist,trifluoperzaine(TFP),inhibited fertilization in a dose dependent manner,whild Ca 2+ channel bolcker,verapamil,did not have any effect.When intracellular Ca 2+ release was blocked by 8 (N,N diethylamino) octy1 3,4, 5 trimethoxybenzonate(TMB 8) or the Ca 2+ oscillations were inhibited by an inhibitor of endoplasmic reticulum Ca 2+ ATPase,thapsigargin,the second polar body emission and pronuclear formation were significantly decreased.In contrast,inhibition of intracellular Ca 2+ release via bolckage of inositol 1,4,5 triphosphate (IP3) production by neomycin or lithium did not affect fertilization.The results sugest that both extracellular influx,intracellular Ca 2+ release and CaM activation are required for normal fertilization.However,extracellular influx through voltage gated Ca 2+ channel and intracellular release induced by IP3 are not the only pathways for producing Ca 2+ transients in moue eggs.展开更多
Phosphorus is crucial to crop growth and yield because of its multiple effects on plant nutrition. Most tropical soils have low plant available phosphorus and there is the need for external input of P to achieve optim...Phosphorus is crucial to crop growth and yield because of its multiple effects on plant nutrition. Most tropical soils have low plant available phosphorus and there is the need for external input of P to achieve optimum yield. The response of soybean to different sources and levels of phosphorus fertilization were therefore investigated between August, 2013 and January, 2014. The treatments consisted of four fertilizer sources [Sokoto Rock Phosphate （SRP）, single super phosphate, Di-Ammonium Phosphate （DAP） and control] and five levels of fertilizers （0, 15, 30, 60 and 75 kg P· hm-2） fitted into Randomized Complete Block Design （RCBD） with three replications. Soil samples were collected, processed and analyzed before planting and after harvest. Data on growth （plants height, numbers of leaves, numbers of branches and numbers of flowers） and yield （pod and grain weights） were analyzed using ANOVA and significant means were separated using LSD at 5% probability level. Application of DAP at 15 kg P· hm2 and 30 kg P· hm2 produced the highest grain yield and showed significant differences in plant height, numbers of leaves and numbers of branches. SRP should not be recommended for the study area, because there was no significant difference across all the parameters and it was characterized with low grain yield, due to its level of acidity and the mildly acidic nature of the soil.展开更多
RanGAP1 is a Ran GTPase-activating protein that plays a pivotal role in the majority of nucleocytoplasmic transport pathways. The protein is limited to somatic cells. In this study, the localization and possible funct...RanGAP1 is a Ran GTPase-activating protein that plays a pivotal role in the majority of nucleocytoplasmic transport pathways. The protein is limited to somatic cells. In this study, the localization and possible functions of RanGAP1 were examined during mouse oocyte fertilization. Immunofluorescence analysis showed that after sperm penetration, RanGAP1 was found to diffuse within the cytoplasm, but concentrated in the microtuble of the reversed spindle and the constriction ring between the oocyte and the second polar body; with the expansion of sperm chromatin, RanGAP1 began to move to the region around the expanding sperm and oocyte chromatin, and gradually concentrated around the growing parents pronuclei. After the male and female pronuclei apposed, the membrane of one pronuclei broke first, numerous concentrated RanGAP1 dots were observed in the chromosome region. With the chromatin condensing into chromosome, the parents chromosomes mixed together and prepared to start the first mitosis, the condensed RanGAP1 was just the shape of the microtuble to assemble the first mitosis spindle. These showed that RanGAP1 played an important role in regulating spindle functions, chromosome alignment, PB2 extrusion and pronuclei nuclear envelope assembly/disassembly in mouse oocyte fertilization.展开更多
Regressive models were obtained by employing '311 B' and '3414' optimal regressive desingns through 5 year (1993～1997) field experiment,and by datum processing with computer.These models express the...Regressive models were obtained by employing '311 B' and '3414' optimal regressive desingns through 5 year (1993～1997) field experiment,and by datum processing with computer.These models express the relationships between corn yields in high,middle and low yield areas and N,P,and K application rates in black soil.By analysis to the models,the fertilizer application rates for maximum yield and optimal yield were achieved.展开更多
【Objectives】Rose(Rosa hybrida L.)is a beautiful and widely cultivated flowering plant around the world whose quality is of great commercial importance.The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of fol...【Objectives】Rose(Rosa hybrida L.)is a beautiful and widely cultivated flowering plant around the world whose quality is of great commercial importance.The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of foliar application of calcium nitrate on the quality and postharvest life of two rose varieties(cvs.Samurai,and Jumilia)in a soilless culture system.【Methods】The research used a hydroponic culture method,the roses plants were grown in Hoagland nutrient solution containing 50%less Ca for a total span of 4 months.One month was dedicated to plant acclimatization,and 3 months for spray treatment.Two rose varieties(Rosa hybrida L.),cvs.Samurai and Jumilia plants were used as test materials and planted in pots containing 100%perlite(3-5 mm).After one month of culture,160 mg/kg CaNO3 solution was sprayed,and each treatment corresponded to the first,second,and third harvests,respectively.The plant and flower growth indicators and flower vase life were investigated after each harvesting immediately.【Results】A positive impact of foliar-applied Ca on stem characteristics,pedicel dimensions,corolla size,flower attributes,and vase life was found.Furthermore,a general trend was observed,wherein an increase in the number of harvesting stages led to improved traits.Notably,Jumilia rose consistently exhibited lower values for all studied traits,except for flower vase life,in comparison to the Samurai rose.While there were no significant differences in length values between Samurai and Jumilia roses due to calcium foliar application across the three harvesting stages.Duncan’s grouping revealed a specific effect on Jumilia roses during the third harvest stage.Calcium fertilizer significantly increased photosynthesis rates of of rose leaves in the calcium treatments compared with the control treatment.【Conclusions】Foliar spraying of calcium nitrate is an effective measure to promote the growth of roses and improve the yield,quality and bottle life of fresh cut flowers.展开更多
In order to study the effects of biochar-based organic fertilizer on the accumulation of the total flavonoid contents in dandelion after sowing,the experiment applied four levels of treatments of carbon-based organic ...In order to study the effects of biochar-based organic fertilizer on the accumulation of the total flavonoid contents in dandelion after sowing,the experiment applied four levels of treatments of carbon-based organic fertilizer(0.15,0.30,0.45,and 0.60 kg•m^(-2)),and the base fertilizer that only applied conventional chemical fertilizer was used as the control.The total flavonoid contents and physiological indices of dandelion in different growth periods were determined.The results showed that the accumulation of the total flavonoid contents in leaves and roots of dandelion improved significantly by applying biochar-based organic fertilizer(0.15,0.30,0.45,and 0.60 kg•m^(-2)),with the highest total flavonoid occurred in the 0.45 kg•m^(-2) biochar-based organic fertilizer treatment.Along with dandelion growing,the total flavonoid contents in leaves were first elevated,and then decreased,with the maximum reached at 95 days after sowing(anthesis).While the total flavonoid contents in roots were elevated constantly.The total flavonoid contents accumulation in dandelion were positively correlated with net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance,transpiration rate,soluble sugar content,soluble protein,nitrate nitrogen,and available potassium,while negatively correlated with intercellular CO_(2) concentration.展开更多
基金Key Research project of Gansu Province of China(22YF7NA108)National Natural Science Foundation of China(31860549)+1 种基金Industry Supporting Project from Education Department of Gansu Province(2023CYZC-49)Major Science and Technology project of Gansu province(24ZDNA006)。
文摘【Objectives】Si and microbial application could relieve the crop replanting problems(CRPs).We further studied the change of key microorganisms that are related to the beneficial effects,aiming at provide reference for the manufacture and application of both microbial agents and Si fertilizer in food lily production.【Methods】A field experiment was conducted over a three-year period,from March 2019 to March 2022.The experimental field had been continuously cultivated with lily for 9 years.Three treatments were established:silicon fertilizer(SF),microbial agents(“Special 8^(TM)”,MF),and combined application of silicon fertilizer and microbial agents(SMF).A control group with blank soil(CK)was also included.At seedling stage of Lanzhou lilies in 2020 and 2021,the shoot and bulb dry weight,and the plant height and stem diameter of Lanzhou lilies were investigated for calculation of seedling index.In July 2020,20 plants were selected in each plot,and root zone soils were sampled at a depth of 20 cm,10 cm away from the roots,and then mixed to form a composite sample.The soil available Si and organic matter content were analyzed,and the fungal community structure and some specific microbial groups in soils were determined with high-throughput sequencing of ITS.【Results】All the three treatments significantly enhanced the lily plant growth and the seedling index,compared to CK.Besides,SF and MF treatments increased the relative abundances(RA)and diversity of fungal communities,and altered the community structures.The RA of some specific groups were found to be significantly correlated with the seedling index and/or soil available Si.Of them,the RA of the genera Fusarium,Dactylonectria,Humicola,Stilbella,and the species Humicola_grisea showed a positive correlation,while that of the genera Mortierella,Stilbella,Holtermanniella,and the species Mortierella_fatshederae showed a negative correlation with seedling index.The genera Fusarium,Stilbella,the species Humicola_grisea,and Dactylonectria_estremocensis showed a positive correlation,while the genura Stilbella,and the species Mortierella fatshederae showed a negative correlation with available Si content.In the co-occurence network of top twenty fungal genera and top sixteen bacterial genera(RA>0.2%),Holtermanniella was the only genus that interacted with the bacteria and negatively correlated with bacterial genus Blastococcus.Holtermanniella was also the most densely connected genera,followed by the genus Fusarium,Didymella and Humicola.In addition,the genus Holtermanniella was the key species connecting fungal and bacterial community in soil.Fungal functional prediction revealed that SF,MF and SMF treatments decreased plant pathogens guilds and increased the beneficial guilds Ectomycorrhizal,plant saprophyte,leaf saprophyte,and arbuscular mycorrhizal compared to CK.【Conclusions】Combined application of silicon fertilizer and microbial agents can alleviate continuous replanting problems of Lanzhou lilies through restoring the fungal community diversity,and promoting plant residue depredation,thus reducing soil born disease incidence.The beneficial genus Humicola and its one species H.grisea acts as bioconversion,and the genus Acremonium acts as plant pathogen inhibitor.
文摘Nutritional accumulation mainly occurres from growth stage 2 to stage 3(lotus-setting stage to early heading stage, 48 - 72 days after transplanting)in Chinese cabbage. The uptake ratio of N and K is nearly l:l,and their uptake amounts are obviously higher than that of P. Balanced fertilization .especially the suitable combination of N and K,is important for the production of high yield and high quality.
文摘The effects of various Ca 2+ modifying drugs on moue egg fertilization were studied.Ca 2+ chelator,ethylen glycol bis (2 aminoethyl) tetracetic acid(EGTA),and calmodulin (CaM) antagonist,trifluoperzaine(TFP),inhibited fertilization in a dose dependent manner,whild Ca 2+ channel bolcker,verapamil,did not have any effect.When intracellular Ca 2+ release was blocked by 8 (N,N diethylamino) octy1 3,4, 5 trimethoxybenzonate(TMB 8) or the Ca 2+ oscillations were inhibited by an inhibitor of endoplasmic reticulum Ca 2+ ATPase,thapsigargin,the second polar body emission and pronuclear formation were significantly decreased.In contrast,inhibition of intracellular Ca 2+ release via bolckage of inositol 1,4,5 triphosphate (IP3) production by neomycin or lithium did not affect fertilization.The results sugest that both extracellular influx,intracellular Ca 2+ release and CaM activation are required for normal fertilization.However,extracellular influx through voltage gated Ca 2+ channel and intracellular release induced by IP3 are not the only pathways for producing Ca 2+ transients in moue eggs.
文摘Phosphorus is crucial to crop growth and yield because of its multiple effects on plant nutrition. Most tropical soils have low plant available phosphorus and there is the need for external input of P to achieve optimum yield. The response of soybean to different sources and levels of phosphorus fertilization were therefore investigated between August, 2013 and January, 2014. The treatments consisted of four fertilizer sources [Sokoto Rock Phosphate （SRP）, single super phosphate, Di-Ammonium Phosphate （DAP） and control] and five levels of fertilizers （0, 15, 30, 60 and 75 kg P· hm-2） fitted into Randomized Complete Block Design （RCBD） with three replications. Soil samples were collected, processed and analyzed before planting and after harvest. Data on growth （plants height, numbers of leaves, numbers of branches and numbers of flowers） and yield （pod and grain weights） were analyzed using ANOVA and significant means were separated using LSD at 5% probability level. Application of DAP at 15 kg P· hm2 and 30 kg P· hm2 produced the highest grain yield and showed significant differences in plant height, numbers of leaves and numbers of branches. SRP should not be recommended for the study area, because there was no significant difference across all the parameters and it was characterized with low grain yield, due to its level of acidity and the mildly acidic nature of the soil.
基金Supported by Heilongjiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation(Face Project)(C2016021)the Open Project of Key Laboratory of Feed Science,Northeast Agricultural University,Heilongjiang Province(yy-2012-10)
文摘RanGAP1 is a Ran GTPase-activating protein that plays a pivotal role in the majority of nucleocytoplasmic transport pathways. The protein is limited to somatic cells. In this study, the localization and possible functions of RanGAP1 were examined during mouse oocyte fertilization. Immunofluorescence analysis showed that after sperm penetration, RanGAP1 was found to diffuse within the cytoplasm, but concentrated in the microtuble of the reversed spindle and the constriction ring between the oocyte and the second polar body; with the expansion of sperm chromatin, RanGAP1 began to move to the region around the expanding sperm and oocyte chromatin, and gradually concentrated around the growing parents pronuclei. After the male and female pronuclei apposed, the membrane of one pronuclei broke first, numerous concentrated RanGAP1 dots were observed in the chromosome region. With the chromatin condensing into chromosome, the parents chromosomes mixed together and prepared to start the first mitosis, the condensed RanGAP1 was just the shape of the microtuble to assemble the first mitosis spindle. These showed that RanGAP1 played an important role in regulating spindle functions, chromosome alignment, PB2 extrusion and pronuclei nuclear envelope assembly/disassembly in mouse oocyte fertilization.
文摘Regressive models were obtained by employing '311 B' and '3414' optimal regressive desingns through 5 year (1993～1997) field experiment,and by datum processing with computer.These models express the relationships between corn yields in high,middle and low yield areas and N,P,and K application rates in black soil.By analysis to the models,the fertilizer application rates for maximum yield and optimal yield were achieved.
文摘【Objectives】Rose(Rosa hybrida L.)is a beautiful and widely cultivated flowering plant around the world whose quality is of great commercial importance.The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of foliar application of calcium nitrate on the quality and postharvest life of two rose varieties(cvs.Samurai,and Jumilia)in a soilless culture system.【Methods】The research used a hydroponic culture method,the roses plants were grown in Hoagland nutrient solution containing 50%less Ca for a total span of 4 months.One month was dedicated to plant acclimatization,and 3 months for spray treatment.Two rose varieties(Rosa hybrida L.),cvs.Samurai and Jumilia plants were used as test materials and planted in pots containing 100%perlite(3-5 mm).After one month of culture,160 mg/kg CaNO3 solution was sprayed,and each treatment corresponded to the first,second,and third harvests,respectively.The plant and flower growth indicators and flower vase life were investigated after each harvesting immediately.【Results】A positive impact of foliar-applied Ca on stem characteristics,pedicel dimensions,corolla size,flower attributes,and vase life was found.Furthermore,a general trend was observed,wherein an increase in the number of harvesting stages led to improved traits.Notably,Jumilia rose consistently exhibited lower values for all studied traits,except for flower vase life,in comparison to the Samurai rose.While there were no significant differences in length values between Samurai and Jumilia roses due to calcium foliar application across the three harvesting stages.Duncan’s grouping revealed a specific effect on Jumilia roses during the third harvest stage.Calcium fertilizer significantly increased photosynthesis rates of of rose leaves in the calcium treatments compared with the control treatment.【Conclusions】Foliar spraying of calcium nitrate is an effective measure to promote the growth of roses and improve the yield,quality and bottle life of fresh cut flowers.
基金Supported by the National Key Research and Development Project(2021YFD16009012021YFD1600902)。
文摘In order to study the effects of biochar-based organic fertilizer on the accumulation of the total flavonoid contents in dandelion after sowing,the experiment applied four levels of treatments of carbon-based organic fertilizer(0.15,0.30,0.45,and 0.60 kg•m^(-2)),and the base fertilizer that only applied conventional chemical fertilizer was used as the control.The total flavonoid contents and physiological indices of dandelion in different growth periods were determined.The results showed that the accumulation of the total flavonoid contents in leaves and roots of dandelion improved significantly by applying biochar-based organic fertilizer(0.15,0.30,0.45,and 0.60 kg•m^(-2)),with the highest total flavonoid occurred in the 0.45 kg•m^(-2) biochar-based organic fertilizer treatment.Along with dandelion growing,the total flavonoid contents in leaves were first elevated,and then decreased,with the maximum reached at 95 days after sowing(anthesis).While the total flavonoid contents in roots were elevated constantly.The total flavonoid contents accumulation in dandelion were positively correlated with net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance,transpiration rate,soluble sugar content,soluble protein,nitrate nitrogen,and available potassium,while negatively correlated with intercellular CO_(2) concentration.
