Glutathione-S-transferase(GST,EC2.5.1.18)multifunctional protease is important for detoxification,defense against biotic and abiotic stresses,and secondary metabolic material transport for plant growth and development...Glutathione-S-transferase(GST,EC2.5.1.18)multifunctional protease is important for detoxification,defense against biotic and abiotic stresses,and secondary metabolic material transport for plant growth and development.In this study,71 members of the BpGST family were identified from the entire Betula platyphylla Suk.genome.Most of the members encode proteins with amino acid lengths ranging from 101 to 875 and were localized to the cytoplasm by a prediction.BpGSTs can be divided into seven subfamilies,with a majority of birch U and F subfamily members according to gene structure,conserved motifs and evolutionary analysis.GST family genes showed collinearity with 22 genes in Oryza sativa L.,and three genes in Arabidopsis thaliana;promoter cis-acting elements predicted that the GST gene family is functional in growth,hormone regulation,and abiotic stress response.Most members of the F subfamily of GST(BpGSTFs)were expressed in roots,stems,leaves,and petioles,with the most expression observed in leaves.On the basis of the expression profiles of F subfamily genes(BpGSTF1 to BpGSTF13)during salt,mannitol and ABA stress,BpGSTF proteins seem to have multiple functions depending on the type of abiotic stress;for instance,BpGSTs may function at different times during abiotic stress.This study enhances understanding of the GST gene family and provides a basis for further exploration of their function in birch.展开更多
Heat shock transcription factors(Hsfs)have important roles during plant growth and development and responses to abiotic stresses.The identification and func-tion of Hsf genes have been thoroughly studied in various he...Heat shock transcription factors(Hsfs)have important roles during plant growth and development and responses to abiotic stresses.The identification and func-tion of Hsf genes have been thoroughly studied in various herbaceous plant species,but not woody species,especially Phoebe bournei,an endangered,unique species in China.In this study,17 members of the Hsf gene family were identi-fied from P.bournei using bioinformatic methods.Phyloge-netic analysis indicated that PbHsf genes were grouped into three subfamilies:A,B,and C.Conserved motifs,three-dimensional structure,and physicochemical properties of the PbHsf proteins were also analyzed.The structure of the PbHsf genes varied in the number of exons and introns.Pre-diction of cis-acting elements in the promoter region indi-cated that PbHsf genes are likely involved in responses to plant hormones and stresses.A collinearity analysis dem-onstrated that expansions of the PbHsf gene family mainly take place via segmental duplication.The expression levels of PbHsf genes varied across different plant tissues.On the basis of the expression profiles of five representative PbHsf genes during heat,cold,salt,and drought stress,PbHsf pro-teins seem to have multiple functions depending on the type of abiotic stress.This systematic,genome-wide investigation of PbHsf genes in P.bournei and their expression patterns provides valuable insights and information for further func-tional dissection of Hsf proteins in this endangered,unique species.展开更多
As the body’s internal clock,the circadian rhythm regulates the energy expenditure,appetite,and sleep.There exists a close relationship between the host circadian rhythm and gut microbiota.In this work,a circadian di...As the body’s internal clock,the circadian rhythm regulates the energy expenditure,appetite,and sleep.There exists a close relationship between the host circadian rhythm and gut microbiota.In this work,a circadian disorder mouse model induced by constant darkness(CD)was constructed to investigate the regulating effects of capsaicin(CAP)on disturbances of metabolism homeostasis and gut microbiota in the respect of circadian rhythm-related mechanisms.Our results indicated that CAP reduced weight gain induced by circadian rhythm disorder in mice by inhibiting fat accumulation in liver and adipose tissue.The rhythmic expressions of circadian clock genes and lipid-metabolism related genes in liver were also recovered by CAP.Microbial study using 16S rRNA sequencing revealed that CAP modulated the gut microbiota richness,diversity and composition,and restored diurnal oscillations of gut microbes at the phylum and family level.These results indicated that CAP could alleviate CD-induced hepatic clock gene disruption and gut microbiota dysbiosis in mice,providing theoretical basis for CAP to be used as a muti-functional ingredient with great healthpromoting effects.展开更多
The complexity of unknown scenarios and the dynamics involved in target entrapment make designing control strategies for swarm robots a formidable task,which in turn impacts their efficiency in complex and dynamic set...The complexity of unknown scenarios and the dynamics involved in target entrapment make designing control strategies for swarm robots a formidable task,which in turn impacts their efficiency in complex and dynamic settings.To address these challenges,this paper introduces an adaptive swarm robot entrapment control model grounded in the transformation of gene regulatory networks(AT-GRN).This innovative model enables swarm robots to dynamically adjust entrap-ment strategies by assessing current environmental conditions via real-time sensory data.Further-more,an improved motion control model for swarm robots is designed to dynamically shape the for-mation generated by the AT-GRN.Through two sets of rigorous experimental environments,the proposed model significantly enhances the trapping performance of swarm robots in complex envi-ronments,demonstrating remarkable adaptability and stability.展开更多
Multidrug-resistant(MDR)Enterobacteriaceae critically threaten duck farming and public health.The phenotypes,genotypes,and associated mobile genetic elements(MGEs)of MDR Enterobacteriaceae isolated from 6 duck farms i...Multidrug-resistant(MDR)Enterobacteriaceae critically threaten duck farming and public health.The phenotypes,genotypes,and associated mobile genetic elements(MGEs)of MDR Enterobacteriaceae isolated from 6 duck farms in Zhejiang Province,China,were investigated.A total of 215 isolates were identified as Escherichia coli(64.65%),Klebsiella pneumoniae(12.09%),Proteus mirabilis(10.23%),Salmonella(8.84%),and Enterobacter cloacae(4.19%).Meanwhile,all isolates were resistant to at least two antibiotics.Most isolates carried tet(A)(85.12%),blaTEM(78.60%)and sul1(67.44%)resistance genes.Gene co-occurrence analysis showed that the resistance genes were associated with IS26 and integrons.A conjugative IncFII plasmid pSDM004 containing all the above MGEs was detected in Proteus mirabilis isolate SDM004.This isolate was resistant to 18 antibiotics and carried the blaNDM-5 gene.MGEs,especially plasmids,are the primary antibiotic resistance gene transmission route in duck farms.These findings provide a theoretical basis for the rational use of antibiotics in farms which are substantial for evaluating public health and food safety.展开更多
Populus alba‘Berolinensis’is a fast-growing,high-yielding species with strong biotic and abiotic stress resistance,and widely planted for timber,shelter belts and aesthetic purposes.In this study,molecular developme...Populus alba‘Berolinensis’is a fast-growing,high-yielding species with strong biotic and abiotic stress resistance,and widely planted for timber,shelter belts and aesthetic purposes.In this study,molecular development is explored and the important genes regulating xylem forma-tion in P.alba‘Berolinensis’under artificial bending treat-ments was identified.Anatomical investigation indicated that tension wood(TW)was characterized by eccentric growth of xylem and was enriched in cellulose;the degree of ligni-fication was lower than for normal wood(NW)and oppo-site wood(OW).RNA-Seq-based transcriptome analysis was performed using developing xylem from three wood types(TW,OW and NW).A large number of differentially expressed genes(DEGs)were screened and 4889 counted.In GO and KEGG enrichment results,genes involved in plant hormone signal transduction,phenylpropanoid biosynthesis,and cell wall and secondary cell wall biogenesis play major roles in xylem development under artificial bending.Eight expansin(PalEXP)genes were identified from the RNA-seq data;four were differentially expressed during tension wood formation.Phylogenetic analysis indicated that PalEXLB1 belongs to the EXPB subfamily and that the other PalEXPs are members of the EXPA subfamily.A transcriptional regulatory network construction showed 10 transcription factors located in the first and second layers upstream of EXP,including WRKY,ERF and bHLH.RT‒qPCR analy-sis in leaves,stems and roots combined with transcriptome analysis suggests that PalEXPA2,PalEXPA4 and PalEXPA15 play significant regulatory roles in cell wall formation during tension wood development.The candidate genes involved in xylem cell wall development during tension wood formation marks an important step toward identifying the molecular regulatory mechanism of xylem development and wood property improvement in P.alba‘Berolinensis’.展开更多
This study proposes a method for uniformly revolving swarm robots to entrap multiple targets,which is based on a gene regulatory network,an adaptive decision mechanism,and an improved Vicsek-model.Using the gene regul...This study proposes a method for uniformly revolving swarm robots to entrap multiple targets,which is based on a gene regulatory network,an adaptive decision mechanism,and an improved Vicsek-model.Using the gene regulatory network method,the robots can generate entrapping patterns according to the environmental input,including the positions of the targets and obstacles.Next,an adaptive decision mechanism is proposed,allowing each robot to choose the most well-adapted capture point on the pattern,based on its environment.The robots employ an improved Vicsek-model to maneuver to the planned capture point smoothly,without colliding with other robots or obstacles.The proposed decision mechanism,combined with the improved Vicsek-model,can form a uniform entrapment shape and create a revolving effect around targets while entrapping them.This study also enables swarm robots,with an adaptive pattern formation,to entrap multiple targets in complex environments.Swarm robots can be deployed in the military field of unmanned aerial vehicles’(UAVs)entrapping multiple targets.Simulation experiments demonstrate the feasibility and superiority of the proposed gene regulatory network method.展开更多
Edible plant derived exosome-like nanoparticles(ELNs)have been shown to have multiple nutraceutical functions.However,the diversity of plant materials makes the plant derived ELN study challenging.More efforts are sti...Edible plant derived exosome-like nanoparticles(ELNs)have been shown to have multiple nutraceutical functions.However,the diversity of plant materials makes the plant derived ELN study challenging.More efforts are still needed to explore the feasible isolation methods of edible plant derived ELNs and the possible roles of food-derived ELNs in improving human health.In this study,a size exclusion chromatography based method was compared with the traditional ultracentrifugation method to isolate blueberry derived ELNs(B-ELNs),and the miRNA profile of B-ELNs was analyzed by high-throughput sequencing.A total of 36 miRNAs were found to be enriched in B-ELNs compared with berry tissue,and their potential cross-kingdom human gene targets were further predicted.Results showed that size exclusion chromatography was effective for B-ELN isolation.The most abundant miRNAs in B-ELNs mainly belonged to the miR166 family and miR396 family.Target gene prediction indicated that B-ELNs could potentially regulate pathways related to the human digestive system,immune system and infectious diseases.展开更多
线纹尖塘鳢(Oxyeleotris lineolata)具有典型性别生长二态性,雄鱼生长优势显著,doublesex and mab-3 related transcription factor(DMRT)家族是一个与性别决定相关的转录因子家族。基于线纹尖塘鳢性腺转录组数据,共获得2个dmrt基因的c...线纹尖塘鳢(Oxyeleotris lineolata)具有典型性别生长二态性,雄鱼生长优势显著,doublesex and mab-3 related transcription factor(DMRT)家族是一个与性别决定相关的转录因子家族。基于线纹尖塘鳢性腺转录组数据,共获得2个dmrt基因的cDNA序列,分别命名为Oxldmrt1和Oxldmrt3,并采用PCR技术扩增验证2个基因的cDNA序列。运用生物信息学方法分析2个基因序列结构特征,结果显示,Oxldmrt1和Oxldmrt3开放阅读框分别为903 bp和1363 bp,分别编码300个氨基酸和453个氨基酸;OxlDMRT1属于碱性蛋白,而OxlDMRT3属于酸性蛋白;2个基因均含有高度保守的DM结构域,OxlDMRT3还存在DMA结构域。氨基酸聚类分析显示,脊椎动物不同DMRT家族都是独立聚类,OxlDMRT1属于DMRT1家族,OxlDMRT3属于DMRT3家族,DMRT1家族最先聚类,再和DMRT3家族聚类。利用实时荧光定量PCR技术(real-time quantitative PCR,RT-qPCR)分析2个dmrt基因在雌鱼和雄鱼8个组织的表达水平,结果显示,2个基因在精巢中的表达量均显著高于其他组织(P<0.01),Oxldmrt3在脑中也有少量表达;利用RT-qPCR分析2个dmrt基因在早期不同发育时期的表达谱,显示2个基因在受精卵中的表达量均最高,Oxldmrt1在眼囊期的表达量最低,而Oxldmrt3在出膜7 d时的表达量最低。利用荧光原位杂交(fluorescencein situhybridization,FISH)对2个基因在精巢中的表达进行定位,显示2个基因在精巢中表达部位一致,均在精原细胞中有较强的表达信号。综上所述,Oxldmrt1和Oxldmrt3均在线纹尖塘鳢性腺胚胎发育阶段和精巢发育过程中起调节作用,而Oxldmrt1还可能参与胚胎后期性别决定和性别分化调控过程,Oxldmrt3还可能参与神经系统发育。本研究为线纹尖塘鳢性别决定与性别分化相关的分子机制研究提供了参考。展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2021YFD2200304)FundamentalResearch Funds for the Central Universities(2572022DQ08)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No32171738).
文摘Glutathione-S-transferase(GST,EC2.5.1.18)multifunctional protease is important for detoxification,defense against biotic and abiotic stresses,and secondary metabolic material transport for plant growth and development.In this study,71 members of the BpGST family were identified from the entire Betula platyphylla Suk.genome.Most of the members encode proteins with amino acid lengths ranging from 101 to 875 and were localized to the cytoplasm by a prediction.BpGSTs can be divided into seven subfamilies,with a majority of birch U and F subfamily members according to gene structure,conserved motifs and evolutionary analysis.GST family genes showed collinearity with 22 genes in Oryza sativa L.,and three genes in Arabidopsis thaliana;promoter cis-acting elements predicted that the GST gene family is functional in growth,hormone regulation,and abiotic stress response.Most members of the F subfamily of GST(BpGSTFs)were expressed in roots,stems,leaves,and petioles,with the most expression observed in leaves.On the basis of the expression profiles of F subfamily genes(BpGSTF1 to BpGSTF13)during salt,mannitol and ABA stress,BpGSTF proteins seem to have multiple functions depending on the type of abiotic stress;for instance,BpGSTs may function at different times during abiotic stress.This study enhances understanding of the GST gene family and provides a basis for further exploration of their function in birch.
基金supported by the Fujian Province Seed Industry Innovation and Industrialization Project“Innovation and Industrialization Development of Precious Tree Seed Industries(Phoebe bornei)”(ZYCX-LY-202102)the Sub-project of National Key R&D Program“Phoebe bornei Efficient Cultivation Technology”(2016YFD0600603-2).
文摘Heat shock transcription factors(Hsfs)have important roles during plant growth and development and responses to abiotic stresses.The identification and func-tion of Hsf genes have been thoroughly studied in various herbaceous plant species,but not woody species,especially Phoebe bournei,an endangered,unique species in China.In this study,17 members of the Hsf gene family were identi-fied from P.bournei using bioinformatic methods.Phyloge-netic analysis indicated that PbHsf genes were grouped into three subfamilies:A,B,and C.Conserved motifs,three-dimensional structure,and physicochemical properties of the PbHsf proteins were also analyzed.The structure of the PbHsf genes varied in the number of exons and introns.Pre-diction of cis-acting elements in the promoter region indi-cated that PbHsf genes are likely involved in responses to plant hormones and stresses.A collinearity analysis dem-onstrated that expansions of the PbHsf gene family mainly take place via segmental duplication.The expression levels of PbHsf genes varied across different plant tissues.On the basis of the expression profiles of five representative PbHsf genes during heat,cold,salt,and drought stress,PbHsf pro-teins seem to have multiple functions depending on the type of abiotic stress.This systematic,genome-wide investigation of PbHsf genes in P.bournei and their expression patterns provides valuable insights and information for further func-tional dissection of Hsf proteins in this endangered,unique species.
基金supported by the Program for Guangdong Introducing Innovative and Entrepreneurial Teams(2019ZT08N291)the Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou,China(2023A04J0760)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2024A1515030058).
文摘As the body’s internal clock,the circadian rhythm regulates the energy expenditure,appetite,and sleep.There exists a close relationship between the host circadian rhythm and gut microbiota.In this work,a circadian disorder mouse model induced by constant darkness(CD)was constructed to investigate the regulating effects of capsaicin(CAP)on disturbances of metabolism homeostasis and gut microbiota in the respect of circadian rhythm-related mechanisms.Our results indicated that CAP reduced weight gain induced by circadian rhythm disorder in mice by inhibiting fat accumulation in liver and adipose tissue.The rhythmic expressions of circadian clock genes and lipid-metabolism related genes in liver were also recovered by CAP.Microbial study using 16S rRNA sequencing revealed that CAP modulated the gut microbiota richness,diversity and composition,and restored diurnal oscillations of gut microbes at the phylum and family level.These results indicated that CAP could alleviate CD-induced hepatic clock gene disruption and gut microbiota dysbiosis in mice,providing theoretical basis for CAP to be used as a muti-functional ingredient with great healthpromoting effects.
基金supported in part by the National Science and Technol-ogy Major Project(No.2021ZD0111502)the National Nat-ural Science Foundation of China(Nos.62176147,62476163)+2 种基金the Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province of China(Nos.2022A1515110660,2021JC06X549)the STU Scientific Research Foundation for Talents(No.NTF21001)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(No.2023B1515120020)。
文摘The complexity of unknown scenarios and the dynamics involved in target entrapment make designing control strategies for swarm robots a formidable task,which in turn impacts their efficiency in complex and dynamic settings.To address these challenges,this paper introduces an adaptive swarm robot entrapment control model grounded in the transformation of gene regulatory networks(AT-GRN).This innovative model enables swarm robots to dynamically adjust entrap-ment strategies by assessing current environmental conditions via real-time sensory data.Further-more,an improved motion control model for swarm robots is designed to dynamically shape the for-mation generated by the AT-GRN.Through two sets of rigorous experimental environments,the proposed model significantly enhances the trapping performance of swarm robots in complex envi-ronments,demonstrating remarkable adaptability and stability.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32172188)Science and Technology Cooperation Project of ZheJiang Province(2023SNJF058-3)。
文摘Multidrug-resistant(MDR)Enterobacteriaceae critically threaten duck farming and public health.The phenotypes,genotypes,and associated mobile genetic elements(MGEs)of MDR Enterobacteriaceae isolated from 6 duck farms in Zhejiang Province,China,were investigated.A total of 215 isolates were identified as Escherichia coli(64.65%),Klebsiella pneumoniae(12.09%),Proteus mirabilis(10.23%),Salmonella(8.84%),and Enterobacter cloacae(4.19%).Meanwhile,all isolates were resistant to at least two antibiotics.Most isolates carried tet(A)(85.12%),blaTEM(78.60%)and sul1(67.44%)resistance genes.Gene co-occurrence analysis showed that the resistance genes were associated with IS26 and integrons.A conjugative IncFII plasmid pSDM004 containing all the above MGEs was detected in Proteus mirabilis isolate SDM004.This isolate was resistant to 18 antibiotics and carried the blaNDM-5 gene.MGEs,especially plasmids,are the primary antibiotic resistance gene transmission route in duck farms.These findings provide a theoretical basis for the rational use of antibiotics in farms which are substantial for evaluating public health and food safety.
基金funded by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2572019CT02)Heilongjiang Touyan Innovation Team Program(Tree Genetics and Breeding Innovation Team)The Overseas Expertise Introduction Project for Discipline Innovation(B16010).
文摘Populus alba‘Berolinensis’is a fast-growing,high-yielding species with strong biotic and abiotic stress resistance,and widely planted for timber,shelter belts and aesthetic purposes.In this study,molecular development is explored and the important genes regulating xylem forma-tion in P.alba‘Berolinensis’under artificial bending treat-ments was identified.Anatomical investigation indicated that tension wood(TW)was characterized by eccentric growth of xylem and was enriched in cellulose;the degree of ligni-fication was lower than for normal wood(NW)and oppo-site wood(OW).RNA-Seq-based transcriptome analysis was performed using developing xylem from three wood types(TW,OW and NW).A large number of differentially expressed genes(DEGs)were screened and 4889 counted.In GO and KEGG enrichment results,genes involved in plant hormone signal transduction,phenylpropanoid biosynthesis,and cell wall and secondary cell wall biogenesis play major roles in xylem development under artificial bending.Eight expansin(PalEXP)genes were identified from the RNA-seq data;four were differentially expressed during tension wood formation.Phylogenetic analysis indicated that PalEXLB1 belongs to the EXPB subfamily and that the other PalEXPs are members of the EXPA subfamily.A transcriptional regulatory network construction showed 10 transcription factors located in the first and second layers upstream of EXP,including WRKY,ERF and bHLH.RT‒qPCR analy-sis in leaves,stems and roots combined with transcriptome analysis suggests that PalEXPA2,PalEXPA4 and PalEXPA15 play significant regulatory roles in cell wall formation during tension wood development.The candidate genes involved in xylem cell wall development during tension wood formation marks an important step toward identifying the molecular regulatory mechanism of xylem development and wood property improvement in P.alba‘Berolinensis’.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62176147)the Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province of China,the State Key Lab of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology(DMETKF2019020)the National Defense Technology Innovation Special Zone Project(193-A14-226-01-01)。
文摘This study proposes a method for uniformly revolving swarm robots to entrap multiple targets,which is based on a gene regulatory network,an adaptive decision mechanism,and an improved Vicsek-model.Using the gene regulatory network method,the robots can generate entrapping patterns according to the environmental input,including the positions of the targets and obstacles.Next,an adaptive decision mechanism is proposed,allowing each robot to choose the most well-adapted capture point on the pattern,based on its environment.The robots employ an improved Vicsek-model to maneuver to the planned capture point smoothly,without colliding with other robots or obstacles.The proposed decision mechanism,combined with the improved Vicsek-model,can form a uniform entrapment shape and create a revolving effect around targets while entrapping them.This study also enables swarm robots,with an adaptive pattern formation,to entrap multiple targets in complex environments.Swarm robots can be deployed in the military field of unmanned aerial vehicles’(UAVs)entrapping multiple targets.Simulation experiments demonstrate the feasibility and superiority of the proposed gene regulatory network method.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31701561)。
文摘Edible plant derived exosome-like nanoparticles(ELNs)have been shown to have multiple nutraceutical functions.However,the diversity of plant materials makes the plant derived ELN study challenging.More efforts are still needed to explore the feasible isolation methods of edible plant derived ELNs and the possible roles of food-derived ELNs in improving human health.In this study,a size exclusion chromatography based method was compared with the traditional ultracentrifugation method to isolate blueberry derived ELNs(B-ELNs),and the miRNA profile of B-ELNs was analyzed by high-throughput sequencing.A total of 36 miRNAs were found to be enriched in B-ELNs compared with berry tissue,and their potential cross-kingdom human gene targets were further predicted.Results showed that size exclusion chromatography was effective for B-ELN isolation.The most abundant miRNAs in B-ELNs mainly belonged to the miR166 family and miR396 family.Target gene prediction indicated that B-ELNs could potentially regulate pathways related to the human digestive system,immune system and infectious diseases.
