This paper investigates the breaking point between fast- and slow-light in a degenerate two-level atomic system, where fast-light can be converted to slow-light arbitrarily on a single transition line by adjusting the...This paper investigates the breaking point between fast- and slow-light in a degenerate two-level atomic system, where fast-light can be converted to slow-light arbitrarily on a single transition line by adjusting the strength of the pumping field. An equivalent incoherent pumping rate is introduced in this simplified theoretical model which exploits the dependence of this feature. The experimental observation is presented as evidence of the breaking point where the injected power is about 0.08 mW.展开更多
Based on the dynamic dielectric recovery process in the vacuum gaps in series, investigations were made on post-arc insulation state in double and multi-breaks operation in high voltage power system. From the research...Based on the dynamic dielectric recovery process in the vacuum gaps in series, investigations were made on post-arc insulation state in double and multi-breaks operation in high voltage power system. From the research on the breakdown weak points in high voltage vacuum gaps, their turnout and distribution, some theoretic work were made to set up the models for describing the statistical property of multi-breaks vacuum circuit-breakers' breakdown and post-arc re-strike, which can be used for explaining the mechanism of the improvement in the breaking capacity of multi-breaks units compared with that of single-break ones which have the same equivalent gap length. The advantages of vacuum breakers with multi-breaks are proposed.展开更多
太湖流域最近5年的研究表明:单位面积上径流迁移的土壤磷素是桑园>>菜园≥大田麦季>大田稻季;稻麦轮作田每年向水体排放的磷量为P 0.84 kg hm-2,占当年磷肥用量的2.5%,而菜园地5个月内土壤磷素流失量就达P 0.6 kg hm-2,桑园在...太湖流域最近5年的研究表明:单位面积上径流迁移的土壤磷素是桑园>>菜园≥大田麦季>大田稻季;稻麦轮作田每年向水体排放的磷量为P 0.84 kg hm-2,占当年磷肥用量的2.5%,而菜园地5个月内土壤磷素流失量就达P 0.6 kg hm-2,桑园在4个月内高达P 1.1 kg hm-2。径流迁移的土壤磷素形态主要是颗粒态磷(PP),占总流失磷的70%-80%,可溶性磷(DP)仅占20%-30%。在径流携出的可溶性磷总量中,可溶性无机磷(DIP)占30%-40%,可溶性有机磷(DOP)占60%-70%。径流产生的机制与土地利用方式有关:稻田产生的是“机会径流”,蔬菜地等旱地是“开放径流”,而桑园等则是“强化径流”,不同的产流机制决定径流的次数、流量和强度并导致不同的磷素迁移量。太湖流域水稻土磷素向水体排放的警戒值(Break point)为有效磷(P)25-30 mg kg-1,目前该地区水稻土平均的土壤有效磷水平为12-15 mg kg-1;因此常规条件下,未来5-10a内稻田不会形成严重的磷素面源污染威胁。故在城镇郊区、桑园和蔬菜基地周边建立“稻田圈”是防治磷索面源污染有效的生态措施。展开更多
基金Project supported by the Key Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.60837004)the Key Project of Jiangxi Electric Power Company (Grant Nos.200950801 and 200950802)
文摘This paper investigates the breaking point between fast- and slow-light in a degenerate two-level atomic system, where fast-light can be converted to slow-light arbitrarily on a single transition line by adjusting the strength of the pumping field. An equivalent incoherent pumping rate is introduced in this simplified theoretical model which exploits the dependence of this feature. The experimental observation is presented as evidence of the breaking point where the injected power is about 0.08 mW.
文摘Based on the dynamic dielectric recovery process in the vacuum gaps in series, investigations were made on post-arc insulation state in double and multi-breaks operation in high voltage power system. From the research on the breakdown weak points in high voltage vacuum gaps, their turnout and distribution, some theoretic work were made to set up the models for describing the statistical property of multi-breaks vacuum circuit-breakers' breakdown and post-arc re-strike, which can be used for explaining the mechanism of the improvement in the breaking capacity of multi-breaks units compared with that of single-break ones which have the same equivalent gap length. The advantages of vacuum breakers with multi-breaks are proposed.
文摘太湖流域最近5年的研究表明:单位面积上径流迁移的土壤磷素是桑园>>菜园≥大田麦季>大田稻季;稻麦轮作田每年向水体排放的磷量为P 0.84 kg hm-2,占当年磷肥用量的2.5%,而菜园地5个月内土壤磷素流失量就达P 0.6 kg hm-2,桑园在4个月内高达P 1.1 kg hm-2。径流迁移的土壤磷素形态主要是颗粒态磷(PP),占总流失磷的70%-80%,可溶性磷(DP)仅占20%-30%。在径流携出的可溶性磷总量中,可溶性无机磷(DIP)占30%-40%,可溶性有机磷(DOP)占60%-70%。径流产生的机制与土地利用方式有关:稻田产生的是“机会径流”,蔬菜地等旱地是“开放径流”,而桑园等则是“强化径流”,不同的产流机制决定径流的次数、流量和强度并导致不同的磷素迁移量。太湖流域水稻土磷素向水体排放的警戒值(Break point)为有效磷(P)25-30 mg kg-1,目前该地区水稻土平均的土壤有效磷水平为12-15 mg kg-1;因此常规条件下,未来5-10a内稻田不会形成严重的磷素面源污染威胁。故在城镇郊区、桑园和蔬菜基地周边建立“稻田圈”是防治磷索面源污染有效的生态措施。
