Keeping balance is the premise of human walking. ZMP(zero moment point) is a point where total torque achieves balance. It is an important evaluation parameter of balance ability in walking, since it can be used to be...Keeping balance is the premise of human walking. ZMP(zero moment point) is a point where total torque achieves balance. It is an important evaluation parameter of balance ability in walking, since it can be used to better reflect the dynamic balance during walking. ZMP can be used in many applications, such as medical rehabilitation, disease diagnosis, treatment and etc. In this paper, wearable inertial sensors system based on MEMS is used to measure ZMP(zero moment point) during walking, which is cheap, convenient, and free from the restriction of lab. Our wearable ZMP measurement system consists of inertial measurement subsystem and PC real-time monitoring station. Inertial measurement subsystem includes 9-axis inertial sensing nodes, the body communication network and the central node. Inertial sensing nodes are mounted on different parts of the body to collect body posture information in real-time, and then the best estimation of current posture are obtained by Kalman filter. The data from sensors is aggregated to the central node through the CAN bus, and then ZMP is calculated. Finally, it can be showed in the PC monitoring station. Experiments prove the system can achieve real-time ZMP detection during walking.展开更多
BACKGROUND:The Broselow?Pediatric Emergency Tape indicates standardized,precalculated medication doses,dose delivery volumes,and equipment sizes using color-coded zones based on height-weight correlations.The present ...BACKGROUND:The Broselow?Pediatric Emergency Tape indicates standardized,precalculated medication doses,dose delivery volumes,and equipment sizes using color-coded zones based on height-weight correlations.The present study attempted to provide more evidence on the effectiveness of the Broselow?Pediatric Emergency Tape by comparing the tape-estimated weights with actual weights.We hypothesized that the Broselow?Pediatric Emergency Tape would overestimate weights in Indian children aged<10 years,leading to inaccurate dosing and equipment sizing in the emergency setting.METHODS:This prospective study of pediatric patients aged<10 years who were divided into three groups based on actual body weight:<10 kg,10–18 kg,and>18 kg.We calculated the percentage difference between the Broselow-predicted weight and the measured weight as a measure of tape bias.Concordant results were those with a mean percent difference within 3%.Standard deviation was measured to determine precision.Accuracy was determined as color-coded zone prediction and measured weight concordance,including the percentage overestimation by 1–2 zones.RESULTS:The male-to-female ratio of the patients was 1.3:1.Total agreement between colorcoding was 63.18%(κ=0.582).The Broselow?color-coded zone agreement was 74.8%in the<10kg group,61.24%in the 10–18 kg group,and 53.42%in the>18 kg group.CONCLUSIONS:The Broselow?Pediatric Emergency Tape showed good evidence for being more reliable in children of the<10 kg and 10–18 kg groups.However,as pediatric weight increased,predictive reliability decreased.This raises concerns over the use of the Broselow?Pediatric Emergency Tape in Indian children because body weight was overestimated in those weighing>18 kg.展开更多
基金supported by "the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities" ZYGX2013J123
文摘Keeping balance is the premise of human walking. ZMP(zero moment point) is a point where total torque achieves balance. It is an important evaluation parameter of balance ability in walking, since it can be used to better reflect the dynamic balance during walking. ZMP can be used in many applications, such as medical rehabilitation, disease diagnosis, treatment and etc. In this paper, wearable inertial sensors system based on MEMS is used to measure ZMP(zero moment point) during walking, which is cheap, convenient, and free from the restriction of lab. Our wearable ZMP measurement system consists of inertial measurement subsystem and PC real-time monitoring station. Inertial measurement subsystem includes 9-axis inertial sensing nodes, the body communication network and the central node. Inertial sensing nodes are mounted on different parts of the body to collect body posture information in real-time, and then the best estimation of current posture are obtained by Kalman filter. The data from sensors is aggregated to the central node through the CAN bus, and then ZMP is calculated. Finally, it can be showed in the PC monitoring station. Experiments prove the system can achieve real-time ZMP detection during walking.
文摘BACKGROUND:The Broselow?Pediatric Emergency Tape indicates standardized,precalculated medication doses,dose delivery volumes,and equipment sizes using color-coded zones based on height-weight correlations.The present study attempted to provide more evidence on the effectiveness of the Broselow?Pediatric Emergency Tape by comparing the tape-estimated weights with actual weights.We hypothesized that the Broselow?Pediatric Emergency Tape would overestimate weights in Indian children aged<10 years,leading to inaccurate dosing and equipment sizing in the emergency setting.METHODS:This prospective study of pediatric patients aged<10 years who were divided into three groups based on actual body weight:<10 kg,10–18 kg,and>18 kg.We calculated the percentage difference between the Broselow-predicted weight and the measured weight as a measure of tape bias.Concordant results were those with a mean percent difference within 3%.Standard deviation was measured to determine precision.Accuracy was determined as color-coded zone prediction and measured weight concordance,including the percentage overestimation by 1–2 zones.RESULTS:The male-to-female ratio of the patients was 1.3:1.Total agreement between colorcoding was 63.18%(κ=0.582).The Broselow?color-coded zone agreement was 74.8%in the<10kg group,61.24%in the 10–18 kg group,and 53.42%in the>18 kg group.CONCLUSIONS:The Broselow?Pediatric Emergency Tape showed good evidence for being more reliable in children of the<10 kg and 10–18 kg groups.However,as pediatric weight increased,predictive reliability decreased.This raises concerns over the use of the Broselow?Pediatric Emergency Tape in Indian children because body weight was overestimated in those weighing>18 kg.
