Charging is one of the most important reliability issues in radio frequency microelectro- mechanical systems （RF MEMS） capacitive switches since it makes the actuation voltage unstable. This paper proposes a hybrid ...Charging is one of the most important reliability issues in radio frequency microelectro- mechanical systems （RF MEMS） capacitive switches since it makes the actuation voltage unstable. This paper proposes a hybrid model to describe the transient dielectric charging and discharging process in the defect-rich amorphous SiO2 RF MEMS capacitive switches and verifies experimentally. The hybrid model contains two parts according to two different charging mechanisms of the amorphous SiO2, which are the polarisation and charge injection. The models for polarisation and for charge injection are established, respectively. Analysis and experimental results show that polarisation is always effective, while the charge injection has a threshold electric field to the amorphous SiO2 film. Under different control voltage conditions, the hybrid model can accurately describe the experimental data.展开更多
Electrocatalytic converting CO_(2) into chemical products has emerged as a promising approach to achieving carbon neutrality.Herein,we report a bismuth-based catalyst with high curvature terminal and amorphous layer w...Electrocatalytic converting CO_(2) into chemical products has emerged as a promising approach to achieving carbon neutrality.Herein,we report a bismuth-based catalyst with high curvature terminal and amorphous layer which fabricated via two-step electrodeposition achieves stable formate output in a wide voltage window of 600 mV.The Faraday efficiency(FE) of formate reached up to 99.4% at-0.8 V vs.RHE and it remained constant for more than 92 h at-15 mA cm^(-2).More intriguingly,FE formate of95.4% can be realized at a current density of industrial grade(-667.7 mA cm^(-2)) in flow cell.The special structure promoted CO_(2) adsorption and reduced its activation energy and enhanced the electric-thermal field and K^(+) enrichment which accelerated the reaction kinetics.In situ spectroscopy and theoretical calculation further confirmed that the introduction of amorphous structure is beneficial to adsorpting CO_(2)and stabling*OCHO intermediate.This work provides special insights to fabricate efficient electrocatalysts by means of structural and crystal engineering and makes efforts to realize the industrialization of bismuth-based catalysts.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 60676043)
文摘Charging is one of the most important reliability issues in radio frequency microelectro- mechanical systems （RF MEMS） capacitive switches since it makes the actuation voltage unstable. This paper proposes a hybrid model to describe the transient dielectric charging and discharging process in the defect-rich amorphous SiO2 RF MEMS capacitive switches and verifies experimentally. The hybrid model contains two parts according to two different charging mechanisms of the amorphous SiO2, which are the polarisation and charge injection. The models for polarisation and for charge injection are established, respectively. Analysis and experimental results show that polarisation is always effective, while the charge injection has a threshold electric field to the amorphous SiO2 film. Under different control voltage conditions, the hybrid model can accurately describe the experimental data.
基金financial support from the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(LQ22B060007)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22206042)+2 种基金the Scientific Research Start-up of Hangzhou Normal University(2021GDL014)the Hebei Natural Science Foundation(E2021203047)the Hebei Provincial Foundation for Returness(C20200369)。
文摘Electrocatalytic converting CO_(2) into chemical products has emerged as a promising approach to achieving carbon neutrality.Herein,we report a bismuth-based catalyst with high curvature terminal and amorphous layer which fabricated via two-step electrodeposition achieves stable formate output in a wide voltage window of 600 mV.The Faraday efficiency(FE) of formate reached up to 99.4% at-0.8 V vs.RHE and it remained constant for more than 92 h at-15 mA cm^(-2).More intriguingly,FE formate of95.4% can be realized at a current density of industrial grade(-667.7 mA cm^(-2)) in flow cell.The special structure promoted CO_(2) adsorption and reduced its activation energy and enhanced the electric-thermal field and K^(+) enrichment which accelerated the reaction kinetics.In situ spectroscopy and theoretical calculation further confirmed that the introduction of amorphous structure is beneficial to adsorpting CO_(2)and stabling*OCHO intermediate.This work provides special insights to fabricate efficient electrocatalysts by means of structural and crystal engineering and makes efforts to realize the industrialization of bismuth-based catalysts.
